Cited by 109Fatty Acid Research and HealthEicosanoids and Hypertension PharmacologyInflammatory mediators and NSAID effects

Bioactive products formed in humans from fish oils

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Skarke, Carsten, Alamuddin, Naji, Lawson, John A., Li, Xuanwen, Ferguson, Jane F., Reilly, Muredach P., FitzGerald, Garret A.·2015·Journal of Lipid Research

Abstract

Resolvins, maresins, and protectins can be formed from fish oils. These specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) have been implicated in the resolution of inflammation. Synthetic versions of such SPMs exert anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and when administered to animal models. However, their importance as endogenous products formed in sufficient amounts to exert anti-inflammatory actions in vivo remains speculative. We biased our ability to detect SPMs formed in healthy volunteers by supplementing fish oil in doses shown previously to influence blood pressure and platelet aggregation under placebo-controlled conditions. Additionally, we sought to determine the relative formation of SPMs during an acute inflammatory response and its resolution, evoked in healthy volunteers by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Bioactive lipids, enzymatic epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), and free radical-catalyzed prostanoids [isoprostanes (iPs)] formed from arachidonic acid and the fish oils, served as comparators. Despite the clear shift from ω-6 to ω-3 EETs and iPs, we failed to detect a consistent signal, in most cases, of SPM formation in urine or plasma in response to fish oil, and in all cases in response to LPS on a background of fish oil. Our results question the relevance of these SPMs to the putative anti-inflammatory effects of fish oils in humans.

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  • Another study did not detect consistent plasma levels of SPMs after fish oil dietary supplementation in healthy volunteers.

    “another study did not detect consistent plasma levels of SPMs after fish oil dietary supplementation in healthy volunteers127.”
  • A short term supplementation period of 17.6 g EPA and DHA per day did not result in the detection of inflammatory resolving mediators in plasma or urine.

    “A short term supplementation period of 17.6 g EPA and DHA/day did not result in the detection of these inflammatory resolving mediators in plasma or urine [152].”

    From Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Skeletal Muscle Health (2015) · cites this paper as [152]

  • A recent study has called into question the production of inflammatory resolving molecules and their role in mediating inflammatory challenges in healthy humans.

    “a recent study has called into question the production of inflammatory resolving molecules and their role in mediating inflammatory challenges in healthy humans [152].”

    From Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Skeletal Muscle Health (2015) · cites this paper as [152]

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Authors
Skarke, C., Alamuddin, N., Lawson, J. A., Li, X., Ferguson, J. F., Reilly, M. P., & FitzGerald, G. A.
Affiliations
University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author
  • Skarke, Carsten
  • FitzGerald, Garret A.
Venue
Journal of Lipid Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-09
Volume
56
Issue
9
Pages
1808-1820
ISSN
0022-2275 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2270563637
Cited by
109
References
66
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 7
FWCI
12.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Lipid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (KL2TR000139, UL1TR000003, 2kl2rr024132-06)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK058404)
  • National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES013508)
  • National Center for Research Resources (KL2-RR024132, UL1RR024134)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Eicosanoids and Hypertension Pharmacology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
Keywords
fish oil, resolvins, maresins, protectins, specialized pro-resolving mediators, inflammation resolution, anti-inflammatory activity, omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, isoprostanes, lipopolysaccharide, acute inflammation, urinary biomarkers, plasma biomarkers, dietary supplementation
MeSH terms
Adult, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Female, Fish Oils, Humans, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Inflammation Mediators, CD59 Antigens, Dietary Supplements, Lipid Metabolism, Healthy Volunteers

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