The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 56 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Perceived Retail Crowding and Shopping Satisfaction: What Modifies This Relationship?
Abstract
Research has shown that an increase in perceived crowding in a retail store (created from either human or spatial density) can decrease the level of satisfaction that shoppers have with the store. The three studies reported here examine the retail crowding‐satisfaction relationship to determine the extent to which it is a simple, direct relationship. Specifically, we consider the possibility that the crowding–satisfaction relationship is mediated by emotional reactions that are experienced while shopping. In addition, moderating variables such as prior expectations of crowding, tolerance for crowding, and store type are examined for their influence on the crowding–satisfaction relationship. The results of two field studies indicate that whereas emotions only partially mediate the relationship, the decrease in shopping satisfaction due to crowding is moderated by expectations of crowding and personal tolerance for crowding. A laboratory experiment replicated the field studies and shows, in addition, that although ceiling and floor effects may be present, the relationship between perceived crowding and shopping satisfaction appears to vary by store type.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences
(1990) · Computers, Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90050-4 · Cited by 65,269
The Framing of Decisions and the Psychology of Choice
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7455683 · Cited by 18,497
Russell, J. A. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0077714 · Cited by 16,334
(1974) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 7,295
Servicescapes: The Impact of Physical Surroundings on Customers and Employees
Bitner, M. J. (1992) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1252042 · Cited by 7,271
Schwarz, N., & Clore, G. L. (1983) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.45.3.513 · Cited by 4,952
The Service Encounter: Diagnosing Favorable and Unfavorable Incidents
Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Tetreault, M. S. (1990) · Journal of Marketing · doi:10.2307/1252174 · Cited by 4,860
A Theory of Psychological Reactance
Torrance, E. P., & Brehm, J. W. (1968) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1420824 · Cited by 4,759
Applied Linear Regression Models
(1997) · Technometrics · doi:10.1080/00401706.1997.10485142 · Cited by 4,615
Cited by
Empirical testing of a model of online store atmospherics and shopper responses
Eroglu, S. A., Machleit, K. A., & Davis, L. M. (2003) · Psychology & Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.10064 · Cited by 1,283
Self-citationPerceived retail crowding and shopping satisfaction: the role of shopping values
Eroglu, S. A., Machleit, K., & Barr, T. F. (2005) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2004.01.005 · Cited by 438
Self-citationThe fluent online shopping experience.
Mosteller, J., Donthu, N., & Eroglu, S. (2014) · Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.03.009 · Cited by 230
Self-citationContaining COVID-19 through physical distancing: the impact of real-time crowding information
Adam, M., Werner, D., Wendt, C., & Benlian, A. (2020) · European Journal of Information Systems · doi:10.1080/0960085x.2020.1814681 · Cited by 28
Metadata
- Authors
- Machleit, K. A., Eroglu, S. A., & Powell Mantel, S.
- Venue
- Journal of Consumer Psychology
- Publisher
- Unmaintained records
- Published
- 2000-01-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-42
- ISSN
- 1057-7408 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7663
- OpenAlex
- W1966762811
- Cited by
- 494
- References
- 56
- FWCI
- 7.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Perceived Retail Crowding and Shopping Satisfaction: What Modifies This Relationship? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1207/15327660051044231
- The paper
- Machleit, K. A., Eroglu, S. A., & Powell Mantel, S. (2000). Perceived Retail Crowding and Shopping Satisfaction: What Modifies This Relationship? Journal of Consumer Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1207/15327660051044231
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.