Cited by 449Child and Animal Learning DevelopmentChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentFace Recognition and Perception

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The still-face: A history of a shared experimental paradigm

Adamson, Lauren B., Frick, Janet E.·2003·Infancy

DOI 10.1207/s15327078in0404_01

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Abstract

When faced by a suddenly unresponsive social partner, young infants typically react by sobering and gazing away. This still‐face reaction has intrigued researchers for several decades. In this article, we present a history of the still‐face paradigm in which we locate early observations of the still‐face effect, describe the formalization of a procedure that reliably produces it, and discuss how this procedure has been used to investigate a broad range of questions about early social and emotional development. In addition, we reflect on the heuristic value of shared experimental paradigms.

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Authors: Adamson, L. B., & Frick, J. E.
Affiliations: Georgia State University (US)
University of Georgia (US)
Corresponding author: Adamson, Lauren B.
ORCID: Adamson, Lauren B.
Venue: Infancy
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2003-10
Volume: 4
Issue: 4
Pages: 451-473
ISSN: 1525-0008 (ISSN-L)
1532-7078
DOI: 10.1207/s15327078in0404_01
OpenAlex: W2109725534
Semantic Scholar: fe2f4120d0d0208a29e70c7f59e7c042a9590f05
Cited by: 449
References: 90
Citations by year: 2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 77 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 13
FWCI: 14.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Infancy (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
Keywords: still-face paradigm, infant social development, infant emotional development

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The still-face: A history of a shared experimental paradigm

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