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Residual Effects of Past on Later Behavior: Habituation and Reasoned Action Perspectives
Abstract
The frequency with which a behavior has been performed in the past is found to account for variance in later behavior independent of intentions. This often taken as evidence for habituation of behavior and as complementing the reasoned mode of operation assumed by such models as the theory of planned behavior. In this article, I question the idea that the residual effect of past on later behavior can be attributed to habituation. The habituation perspective cannot account for residual effects in the prediction of low-opportunity behaviors performed in unstable contexts, no accepted independent measure of habit is available, and empirical tests of them habituation hypothesis have so far met with little success. A review of existing evidence suggests that the residual impact of past behavior is attenuated when measures of intention and behavior are compatible and vanishes when intentions are strong and well formed, expectations are implementation have been developed.
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“but frequency cannot distinguish between reasoned and automatic action because, in unvarying contexts, both repeated deliberation and habit can result in the same pattern of frequent behaviour [23,24].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Applications of the Self-Report Habit Index to Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviours (2011) · cites this paper as [23]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ajzen, I.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ajzen, Icek
- ORCID
- Ajzen, Icek
- Venue
- Personality and Social Psychology Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2002-05
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 107-122
- ISSN
- 1088-8683 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7957
- OpenAlex
- W2130533816
- Cited by
- 1,249
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 68 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 53 · 2012: 58
- FWCI
- 37.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Personality and Social Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law › Pro-Environmental Behavior and Attitudes
- Keywords
- habituation, theory of planned behavior, intention, behavior prediction, implementation intentions, expectations
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