Intellectual and motor development of young adults with congenital hypothyroidism diagnosed by neonatal screening
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CONTEXT: Long-term follow-up data on cognitive and motor functioning in adult patients with congenital hypothyroidism, diagnosed by neonatal screening, are scarce. Hence, it is still unclear whether the frequently reported cognitive and motor deficits observed during childhood persist in adulthood. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine cognitive and motor functioning in young adults with congenital hypothyroidism, born in the first 2 yr after the introduction of the Dutch neonatal screening program. DESIGN/SETTING/PATIENTS: Seventy patients were tested (mean age, 21.5 yr); 49 of them were previously tested at 9.5 yr. The median age at the start of treatment was 28 d (range, 4-293 d). Congenital hypothyroidism was classified as severe, moderate, or mild, according to pretreatment T(4) concentrations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENT: The main outcome measurement was the influence of the severity of congenital hypothyroidism and age at which T(4) supplementation was started on cognitive and motor outcome. RESULTS: Patients, particularly those with severe congenital hypothyroidism, had significantly higher (i.e. worse) motor scores (total score, 7.8; ball skills, 2.0; balance, 4.1) compared with controls (total score, 3.2; ball skills, 0.7; balance, 1.1), and lower full-scale (95.8), verbal (96.4), and performance (95.6) intelligence quotient (IQ) scores than the normal population. No significant change in IQ from childhood to adulthood was found, and for the majority of patients, motor score classification remained the same. The severity of congenital hypothyroidism, but not the starting day of treatment, was correlated with IQ and motor scores. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that the severity of congenital hypothyroidism, but not the timing of treatment initiation, is an important factor determining long-term cognitive and motor outcome. Clearly, detrimental effects on developmental outcome in patients with congenital hypothyroidism persist over time.
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Previous studies in patients with primary congenital hypothyroidism have shown a relationship between pretreatment (F)T4 and FSIQ or obtained educational level.
“Previous studies in patients with primary CH have shown a relationship between pretreatment (F)T4, and FSIQ or obtained educational level (23-25).”
From Cognitive and Motor Outcome in Patients with Early-Detected Central Congenital Hypothyroidism Compared with Siblings (2021) · cites this paper as [24]
In general, cognitive outcomes are normal in patients with early-treated mild or moderate primary congenital hypothyroidism, while developmental problems may occur in patients with severe primary congenital hypothyroidism despite early treatment.
“In general, cognitive outcomes are normal in patients with early-treated mild or moderate primary CH while developmental problems may occur in patients with severe primary CH, despite early treatment (2, 3, 6, 24).”
From Cognitive and Motor Outcome in Patients with Early-Detected Central Congenital Hypothyroidism Compared with Siblings (2021) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Kempers, M. J. E., van der Sluijs Veer, L., Nijhuis-van der Sanden, M. W. G., Kooistra, L., Wiedijk, B. M., Faber, I., Last, B. F., de Vijlder, J. J. M., Grootenhuis, M. A., & Vulsma, T.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Alberta Children's Hospital (CA)
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2006-02
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 418-424
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2120705054
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.vu.nl
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Keywords
- congenital hypothyroidism, newborn screening, young adults, cognitive function, motor function, IQ, motor skills, balance, long-term outcomes, developmental outcomes
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Congenital Hypothyroidism, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Intelligence, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Motor Skills, Thyroxine, Statistics, Nonparametric, Hormone Replacement Therapy
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