Sclerostin and Its Association with Physical Activity, Age, Gender, Body Composition, and Bone Mineral Content in Healthy Adults
Abstract
CONTEXT: Sclerostin is produced by osteocytes and inhibits bone formation through the Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathway. Only limited data are available on circulating sclerostin levels in healthy subjects. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the correlation between sclerostin and physical activity, anthropometric, and biochemical variables. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in 161 healthy adult men and premenopausal women aged 19 to 64 yr (mean age, 44 ± 10). INTERVENTION(S): There were no interventions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Serum sclerostin levels were associated with body composition, bone mineral density, physical activity, and various biochemical parameters. RESULTS: A positive correlation between age and sclerostin in both men (r = 0.37; P < 0.001) and premenopausal women (r = 0.66; P < 0.001) was found. Men had significantly higher sclerostin levels than women (49.8 ± 17.6 vs. 37.2 ± 15.2 pmol/liter; P < 0.001). However, after adjustment for age, bone mineral content (BMC), physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and renal function, sclerostin levels did not differ (P = 0.543). Partial correlation analysis adjusted for age, gender, and kidney function revealed a significant positive correlation between sclerostin levels and BMC, bone mineral density, BMI, and android/gynoid fat and a significant negative correlation with serum osteocalcin and calcium. The most physically active quartile had significantly lower sclerostin levels compared to the least active quartile in a univariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: In healthy adults, sclerostin serum levels correlate positively with age, BMI, and BMC and negatively with osteocalcin and calcium. Further studies in larger populations are needed to confirm our findings and to better understand their clinical implications.
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Sclerostin inhibits bone formation.
“Sclerostin inhibits bone formation163,164 and blood levels of sclerostin are lower in highly active humans than in sedentary humans163.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [163]
Exercise-associated bone-derived factors that affect bone formation include TGFβ1 and sclerostin.
“Noted exercise-associated bone-derived factors affecting bone formation include TGFβ1 (REF.162) and sclerostin163.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [163]
Blood sclerostin levels are lower in highly active humans than in sedentary humans.
“blood levels of sclerostin are lower in highly active humans than in sedentary humans163.”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [163]
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- Authors
- Amrein, K., Amrein, S., Drexler, C., Dimai, H. P., Dobnig, H., Pfeifer, K., Tomaschitz, A., Pieber, T. R., & Fahrleitner-Pammer, A.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Graz (AT)
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Amrein, Karin
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2012-01
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 148-154
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W2014566205
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 22.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
- Medizinische Universität Graz
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Alkaline Phosphatase Research Studies
- Keywords
- sclerostin, physical activity, bone mineral content, bone mineral density, body composition, body mass index, osteocalcin, serum calcium, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, osteocytes, sex differences, age, healthy adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Body Composition, Calcium, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Genetic Markers, Health, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, Sex Characteristics, Bone Density, Osteocalcin, Case-Control Studies, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Young Adult
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