Cited by 85Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic DisordersHeart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlVestibular and auditory disorders

The Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: Evaluation of Autonomic Function and Treatment with Octreotide and Ergot Alkaloids*

HOELDTKE, ROBERT D., DAVIS, KAREN M.·1991·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

Abstract

Orthostatic tachycardia is a poorly understood syndrome in which patients develop dizziness, diaphoresis, or palpitations upon shifting from the supine to the upright posture. The present study was performed to determine whether autonomic neuropathy might be present in these patients, and whether the abnormal hemodynamic response to standing might be the result of failure of reflex vasoconstriction. We measured autonomic function in 9 patients with idiopathic orthostatic tachycardia and 2 patients with orthostatic tachycardia and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and compared them to 33 age-matched controls. Although most patients with orthostatic tachycardia had normal vasomotor reflexes and normal surface potential amplitudes, the latency of the autonomic response, a measure of sympathetic nerve conduction velocity, was prolonged in the soles (2.44 +/- 0.08 s in patients with idiopathic orthostatic tachycardia vs. 2.12 +/- 0.04 s in controls; P less than 0.005). In 6 of 9 patients, however, the latencies were within the normal range. Autonomic surface potentials were absent in 1 diabetic patient with orthostatic tachycardia; the latency of the response in the feet was greatly prolonged (2.95 s) in the second patient. We also assessed the response of orthostatic tachycardia patients to octreotide and dihydroergotamine, which are known to have a pressor effect in patients with recognized forms of autonomic neuropathy. These agents, in combination, suppressed orthostatic tachycardia (from 116 +/- 7 to 89 +/- 6 beats/min; P less than 0.001) in patients with this syndrome. In summary, our data indicate that evidence of autonomic dysfunction is present in only a minority of patients with orthostatic tachycardia. Nevertheless, administration of the vasoconstrictor drugs dihydroergotamine and octreotide can prevent the abnormal hemodynamic response to the upright posture shown by patients with this syndrome.

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Crossref · 10.1210/jcem-73-1-132

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  • Octreotide, a subcutaneously injectable somatostatin analog, causes vasoconstriction in the splanchnic vascular bed.

    “Octreotide, a subcutaneously injectable somatostatin analog that causes vasoconstriction in the splanchnic vascular bed, has also been studied in POTS patients (59).”

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Authors
HOELDTKE, R. D., & DAVIS, K. M.
Affiliations
Temple University (US)
Venue
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Published
1991-07
Volume
73
Issue
1
Pages
132-139
ISSN
  • 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
  • 1945-7197
OpenAlex
W2081646236
Cited by
85
References
21
Citations by year
2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2
FWCI
2.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01am032239-02)
  • National Institute on Aging (AG0481)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR-00394)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
Keywords
orthostatic tachycardia, autonomic dysfunction, autonomic neuropathy, reflex vasoconstriction, dihydroergotamine, octreotide, ergot alkaloids, type 1 diabetes
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Autonomic Nervous System, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Dihydroergotamine, Electrophysiology, Female, Hemodynamics, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Norepinephrine, Posture, Syndrome, Tachycardia, Valsalva Maneuver, Octreotide

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