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Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of trofinetide in pediatric Rett syndrome
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of trofinetide and evaluate its efficacy in female children/adolescents with Rett syndrome (RTT), a debilitating neurodevelopmental condition for which no pharmacotherapies directed at core features are available. METHODS: This was a phase 2, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study, in which safety/tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and clinical response to trofinetide were characterized in 82 children/adolescents with RTT, aged 5 to 15 years. Sixty-two participants were randomized 1:1:1:1 to receive placebo twice a day (bid) for 14 days, followed by placebo, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg bid of trofinetide for 42 days. Following blinded safety data review, 20 additional participants were randomized 1:1 to the 200 mg/kg or placebo bid groups. Safety assessments included adverse events, clinical laboratory tests, physical examinations, and concomitant medications. Clinician- and caregiver-based efficacy measurements assessed clinically relevant, phenotypic dimensions of impairment of RTT. RESULTS: All dose levels were well tolerated and generally safe. Trofinetide at 200 mg/kg bid showed statistically significant and clinically relevant improvements relative to placebo on the Rett Syndrome Behaviour Questionnaire, RTT-Clinician Domain Specific Concerns-Visual Analog Scale, and Clinical Global Impression Scale-Improvement. Exploratory analyses suggested that observed changes correlated with trofinetide exposure. CONCLUSION: These results, together with those from a previous adolescent/adult trial, indicate trofinetide's potential for treating core RTT symptoms and support further trials. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class I evidence that for children/adolescents with RTT, trofinetide was safe, well-tolerated, and demonstrated improvement over placebo at 200 mg/kg bid in functionally important dimensions of RTT.
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“Significant benefits were seen in several measures including the Rett Syndrome Behavior Scale, the Rett Syndrome Clinician Rating Scale, and a visual analogue scale.”
From An Update on Psychopharmacological Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2022) · cites this paper as [137]
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“Trofinetide is glycyl-L-2-methylprolyl-L-glutamic acid, and it was studied in a controlled phase 2 trial in 82 children with Rett syndrome ages 5 to 15 years, and significant benefit was found in the high-dose group (200 mg/kg/day) compared to placebo [137].”
From An Update on Psychopharmacological Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder (2022) · cites this paper as [137]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Glaze, D. G., Neul, J. L., Kaufmann, W. E., Berry-Kravis, E., Condon, S., Stoms, G., Oosterholt, S., Della Pasqua, O., Glass, L., Jones, N. E., Percy, A. K., Rett 002 Study Group, Glaze, D. G., Neul, J. L., Kaufmann, W. E., Berry-Kravis, E., Condon, S., Stoms, G., Oosterholt, S., Pasqua, O. D., Glass, L., Jones, N. E., & Percy, A.
- Affiliations
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Neurology (D.G.G.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Neurosciences (J.L.N.), University of California, San Diego; Greenwood Genetic Center (W.E.K.), Center for Translational Research, Greenwood, SC; Pediatrics, Neurological Sciences, and Biochemistry (E.B.K.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL;Vital Systems, Inc. (S.C., G.S.), Rolling Meadows, IL; Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics Group (S.O., O.D.P.), University College...
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- ORCID
- Della Pasqua, Oscar
- Venue
- Neurology
- Published
- 2019-04-16
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- e1912-e1925
- ISSN
- 0028-3878 (ISSN-L)
- 1526-632X
- PMC
- PMC6550498
- OpenAlex
- W2922881551
- Cited by
- 160
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 6
- FWCI
- 8.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Neurology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U54HD083211)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- trofinetide, Rett syndrome, pediatric patients, safety and tolerability, pharmacokinetics, neurodevelopmental disorders, symptom improvement, Clinical Global Impression Scale, dose-response relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Child, Child, Preschool, Double-Blind Method, Female, Glutamates, Humans, Rett Syndrome, Treatment Outcome, Glutamic Acid
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