Learning and Experiencing Chinese Qigong in Norway
Open accessAbstract
This article discusses the reception of Chinese qigong in a Western context by focusing on the learning and experiencing of qigong in Norway. Drawing on ethnographic material from fieldwork among participants of a style of qigong referred to as Biyun medical qigong, I in particular explore the variety of body–mind states that Norwegian qigong students experience. I have differentiated five “stages” of Biyun practice. Using these stages as a framework, I demonstrate the gradual progression in the learning of qigong. “Body,” “concentration,” and qi (“life energy”) are all important constitutive dimensions in the practice, but as the learning progresses, qi becomes more and more prominent. Drawing on a definition of the body as “learning to be affected” and “learning to affect” (Despret, Body Soc 10: 111–134, 2004; Latour, Body Soc 10: 205–229, 2004), I suggest that qigong may be perceived as a practice that, at its core, involves learning to be affected by qi as well as to affect qi.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Biyun qigong has become popular in Norway and Scandinavia.
“This article discusses a style of medical qigong , called 'Biyun qigong' 碧雲氣功 (Azure blue clouds qigong ), that has become popular in Norway and Scandinavia.”
From Attentiveness to Nature in Learning Qigong in Norway (2017) · cites this paper as Sagli 2008
Qi in qigong is something that is cultivated into being in a complex multidimensional process evoked through exercises in a series of programs.
“Rather, qi in qigong is something that is cultivated into being in a complex multidimensional process evoked through exercises in a series of programs.$^{5}$^{7}”
From Attentiveness to Nature in Learning Qigong in Norway (2017) · cites this paper as Sagli 2008
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for Biomedicine
Engel, G. L. (1977) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.847460 · Cited by 12,887 · see citing works
The Mindful Body: A Prolegomenon to Future Work in Medical Anthropology
Scheper‐Hughes, N., & Lock, M. M. (1987) · Medical Anthropology Quarterly · doi:10.1525/maq.1987.1.1.02a00020 · Cited by 2,567 · see citing works
Embodiment as a Paradigm for Anthropology
Csordas, T. J. (1990) · Ethos · doi:10.1525/eth.1990.18.1.02a00010 · Cited by 1,825 · see citing works
How to Talk About the Body? the Normative Dimension of Science Studies
Latour, B. (2004) · Body & Society · doi:10.1177/1357034x04042943 · Cited by 1,367 · see citing works
Embodiment and Experience: The Existential Ground of Culture and Self
Csordas, T. (1995) · Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute · doi:10.2307/3034915 · Cited by 1,229 · see citing works
The Body We Care for: Figures of Anthropo-zoo-genesis
Despret, V. (2004) · Body & Society · doi:10.1177/1357034x04042938 · Cited by 842 · see citing works
Embodiment and Experience: The Existential Ground of Culture and Self
Masquelier, A. (1997) · American Ethnologist · doi:10.1525/ae.1997.24.4.940 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
Knowing Practice: The Clinical Encounter of Chinese Medicine
Schipper, H., & Minden, K. (1995) · Pacific Affairs · doi:10.2307/2761379 · Cited by 369 · see citing works
The Transmission of Chinese Medicine
Hsu, E. (1999) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511612459 · Cited by 326 · see citing works
Qigong fever: body, science, and utopia in China
(2007) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.45-1420 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Chinese Medicine in Contemporary China
Scheid, V. (2002) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822383710 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Innovation in Chinese Medicine
Hsü, E., & Raphals, L. A. (2004) · Journal of Chinese Philosophy · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6253.2004.00170_6.x · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Breathing spaces: qigong, psychiatry, and healing in China
(2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-3504 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
The theoretical foundations of Chinese medicine: systems of correspondence.
Porkert, M. (1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Chinese Medicine in Early Communist China, 1945-1963
Taylor, K. (2004) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203311271 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
The Theoretical Foundations of Chinese Medicine: Systems of Correspondence
Veith, I. (1974) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1974.03240080077045 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Traditional Medicine in Contemporary China
Farquhar, J., & Sivin, N. (1990) · Philosophy East and West · doi:10.2307/1399367 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
The Theoretical Foundations of Chinese Medicine. Systems of Correspondence
McLennan, H. (1974) · Pacific Affairs · doi:10.2307/2755963 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Transforming Emotions with Chinese Medicine: An Ethnographic Account from Contemporary China
Zhang, Y. (2007) · State University of New York Press eBooks · doi:10.1353/book5155 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-0891 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Challenging The Mandate Of Heaven: Popular Protest in Modern China
Perry, E. J. (2001) · Critical Asian Studies · doi:10.1080/14672710122544 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Asian Medicine and Globalization
Alter, J. S. (2005) · University of Pennsylvania Press eBooks · doi:10.9783/9780812205251 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Robinet, I. (1997) · doi:10.1515/9780804764940 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Body, Discourse, and the Cultural Politics of Contemporary Chinese Qigong
Xu, J. (1999) · The Journal of Asian Studies · doi:10.2307/2658492 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
The Psychologizing of Chinese Healing Practices in the United States
Barnes, L. L. (1998) · Culture Medicine and Psychiatry · doi:10.1023/a:1005403825213 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Kroll, P. W., Robinet, I., & Brooks, P. (1999) · Journal of the American Oriental Society · doi:10.2307/605595 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
The acupuncture wars: The professionalizing of American acupuncture-a view from Massachusetts
Barnes, L. L. (2003) · Medical Anthropology · doi:10.1080/01459740306772 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Lost T'ai-chi Classics from the Late Ch'ing Dynasty
Wile, D. (1996) · State University of New York Press eBooks · doi:10.2307/jj.18255579 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Taoist Meditation and Longevity Techniques
(1981) · doi:10.3998/mpub.20028 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Conceptualizing Hybridization: On the Diffusion of Asian Medical Knowledge to Germany
Frank, R., & Stollberg, G. (2004) · International Sociology · doi:10.1177/0268580904040921 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Kohn, L. 1. (2000) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004391840 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Taijiquan and The Search for The Little Old Chinese Man: Understanding Identity through Martial Arts
Frank, A. D. (2007) · Cited by 58 · see citing works
American Acupuncture and Efficacy: Meanings and Their Points of Insertion
Barnes, L. L. (2005) · Medical Anthropology Quarterly · doi:10.1525/maq.2005.19.3.239 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Early Chinese Medical Literature
Harper, D. J. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203039106 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Qigong-Induced Mental Disorders: A Review
Ng, B.-Y. (1999) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1046/j.1440-1614.1999.00536.x · Cited by 55 · see citing works
The Life and Times of Li Hongzhi: Falun Gong and Religious Biography
Penny, B. (2003) · The China Quarterly · doi:10.1017/s0305741003000389 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Kerr, C. E. (2002) · Culture Medicine and Psychiatry · doi:10.1023/a:1021772324119 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Healing Sects and Anti-Cult Campaigns
Chen, N. N. (2003) · The China Quarterly · doi:10.1017/s0009443903000305 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Acute effects of qigong exercise on mood and anxiety.
Johansson, M., Hassmén, P., & Jouper, J. (2008) · International Journal of Stress Management · doi:10.1037/1072-5245.15.2.199 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Taoist Meditation and Longevity Techniques
Bokenkamp, S. R., & Köhn, L. (1991) · Journal of the American Oriental Society · doi:10.2307/603424 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Holistic Anthropology: Emergence and Convergence
Parkin, D. J. (2007) · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Acupuncture, Expertise and Cross-Cultural Medicine
Bivins, R. (2000) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230287518 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Chinese Medicine in Contemporary China
Scheid, V. (2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9780822383710 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Taijiquan and The Search for The Little Old Chinese Man
Frank, A. D. (2006) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/9780230601529 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Innovation in Chinese medicine
(2005) · Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine · doi:10.4172/1747-0862.1000011 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Longevity Techniques and Chinese Medicine
Engelhardt, U. (2000) · Daoism Handbook · doi:10.1163/9789004391840_005 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Modernity and Millenialism in China:Qigongand the Birth of Falun Gong
Palmer, D. A. (2003) · Asian Anthropology · doi:10.1080/1683478x.2003.10552531 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Qigong Exercise with Concentration Predicts Increased Health
Jouper, J., Hassmén, P., & Johansson, M. (2006) · The American Journal of Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1142/s0192415x06004429 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
4. The biological in the cultural: the five agents and the body ecologic in Chinese medicine
Hsü, E. (2022) · Berghahn Books · doi:10.1515/9780857453198-008 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Knowing Practice: The Clinical Encounter of Chinese Medicine
Farquhar, J., & Intrepid, H. L. F. (1994) · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Daoist body cultivation: traditional models and contemporary practices
(2006) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.44-1553 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Loudon, I. (1997) · Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine · doi:10.1177/014107689709000918 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Pregadio, F., & Skar, L. (2000) · BRILL eBooks · doi:10.1163/9789004391840_017 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Contrôle ou libération des émotions dans le contexte des pratiques de santé qigong
Micollier, É. (1999) · Perspectives chinoises · doi:10.3406/perch.1999.3112 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Gymnastics: the Ancient Tradition
Despeux, C. (1989) · HAL · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Despeux, C., & Barrett, P. (2005) · Asian Medicine · doi:10.1163/157342105777996827 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Høg, E., & Hsü, E. (2002) · Anthropology and Medicine · doi:10.1080/13648470216339 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Modernization of the Chinese past
Lee, M. P.-H., & Syrokomla-Stefanowska, A. D. (1993) · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Daoyin: Chinese Healing Exercises
Kohn, L. (2007) · Asian Medicine · doi:10.1163/157342107x207236 · Cited by 12 · cited 3× · see citing works
“…and immortality techniques, Buddhist meditations, life-cultivation arts (yangsheng), medicine, and forms of the martial arts (e.g., taijiquan) (Despeux 1989, 2005; Engelhardt 2000; Frank 2006; Harper 1998; Kohn 1989, 2000, 2006, 2007; Lo 2001; Robinet 1997; Saso 1995; Schipper 1993; Wile 1996).”
BackgroundMethodThe Gold Pavilion: Taoist Ways to Peace, Healing, and Long Life
Saso, M. (1995) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Transforming emotions with Chinese medicine
Zhang, Y. (2007) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
The Subtle Body Ecstasy of Daoist Inner Alchemy
Köhn, L. (2006) · Acta Orientalia · doi:10.1556/aorient.59.2006.3.3 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
10 Falun Gong and the Threat of History
Frank, A. (2004) · Lynne Rienner Publishers eBooks · doi:10.1515/9781588269720-010 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
[Qigong has a relieving effect on stress].
Linder, K., & Svärdsudd, K. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
6 of the 71 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Busby, H. (1996). Medicines/alternative knowledges: Putting flesh on the bones (using traditional alternative Chinese approaches to healing). In S. Cant, & U. Sharma (Eds.), Complementary and alternative medicine: Knowledge in practice (pp. 135-150). London: Free Association Books.
- Kohn, L. (1989). Guarding the one: Concentrative meditation in Taoism. In L. Kohn, & Y. Sakade (Eds.), Taoist meditation and longevity techniques (pp. 125-159). Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan, Center for Chinese Studies.
- Linder, K., & Svärdsudd, K. (2006). Qigong har stressdämpande effekt [Qigong has stress reducing effects]. Läkartidningen, 103(24-25), 1942-1945.
- Sagli, G. (2003). Acupuncture recontextualized: The reception of Chinese medical concepts among practitioners of acupuncture in Norway (PhD thesis). Oslo: University of Oslo, Faculty of Arts.
- Siegler, E. (2006). Chinese tradition in Euro-American society. In J. Miller (Ed.), Chinese religion in contemporary societies (pp. 257-280). Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kong, J. (2016) · Journal of International and Intercultural Communication · doi:10.1080/17513057.2016.1142599 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“When the spirit cannot feel the body”: Overcoming Cartesian mind-body dualism with qigong practice
Winiger, F. (2017) · Staps · doi:10.3917/sta.117.0111 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Qigong in Three Social Worlds: National Treasure, Social Signifier, or Breathing Exercise?
Winiger, F. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-73939-7_4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Nørtoft, K. (2019) · Tidsskrift for Forskning i Sygdom og Samfund · doi:10.7146/tfss.v15i30.114586 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Kong, J. (2012) · Qualitative Communication Research · doi:10.1525/qcr.2012.1.4.491 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Enacting a Daoist Aesthetic through Taiji quan Training
Frank, A. D. (2013) · Journal of Daoist Studies · doi:10.1353/dao.2013.0007 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Opening Fields through Aikido: An Embodied Dialogic Practice at a Martial Art Dojo
Kong, J. (2012) · Arizona State University eBooks · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Attentiveness to Nature in Learning Qigong in Norway
Sagli, G. (2017) · Asian Medicine · doi:10.1163/15734218-12341388
Self-citation
- Authors
- Sagli, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Oslo (NO)
- Corresponding author
- Sagli, Gry
- ORCID
- Sagli, Gry
- Venue
- East Asian Science, Technology and Society: An International Journal
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-12-01
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 545-566
- ISSN
- 1875-2152 (ISSN-L)
- 1875-2160
- OpenAlex
- W2111097075
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- East Asian Science Technology and Society An International Journal (publishedVersion)
- Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Universitetet i Oslo
- Norsk Revmatikerforbund
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Biofield Effects and Biophysics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Chinese history and philosophy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Traditional Chinese Medicine Studies
- Keywords
- qigong, qi, concentration, traditional Chinese medicine
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review