The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Wnt-4 is a mesenchymal signal for epithelial transformation of metanephric mesenchyme in the developing kidney
Abstract
Development of the mammalian kidney is initiated by ingrowth of the ureteric bud into the metanephric blastema. In response to signal(s) from the ureter, mesenchymal cells condense, aggregate into pretubular clusters, and undergo epithelialisation to form simple epithelial tubules. Subsequent morphogenesis and differentiation of the tubular epithelium lead to the establishment of a functional nephron. Here we demonstrate that Wnt-4, a secreted glycoprotein which is required for tubule formation, is sufficient to trigger tubulogenesis in isolated metanephric mesenchyme, whereas Wnt-11 which is expressed in the tip of the growing ureter is not. Wnt-4 signaling depends on cell contact and sulphated glycosaminoglycans and is only required for triggering tubulogenesis but not for later events. The Wnt-4 signal can be replaced by other members of the Wnt gene family including Wnt-1, Wnt-3a, Wnt-7a and Wnt-7b. Further, dorsal spinal cord, which has been thought to mimic ureteric signaling in tubule induction induces Wnt-4 mutant as well as wild-type mesenchyme suggesting that spinal cord derived signal(s) most likely act by mimicking the normal mesenchymal action of Wnt-4. These results lend additional support to the notion that Wnt-4 is a key auto-regulator of the mesenchymal to epithelial transformation that underpins nephrogenesis adding another level of complexity in the hierarchy of molecular events mediating tubulogenesis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Production of high-titer helper-free retroviruses by transient transfection.
Pear, W. S., Nolan, G. P., Scott, M. L., & Baltimore, D. (1993) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.90.18.8392 · Cited by 2,266
Improved retroviral vectors for gene transfer and expression.
Miller, A. D., & Rosman, G. J. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 1,971
PROTEOGLYCANS: STRUCTURES AND INTERACTIONS
Kjellén, L., & Lindahl, U. (1991) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.60.070191.002303 · Cited by 1,719
Dickkopf-1 is a member of a new family of secreted proteins and functions in head induction
Glinka, A., Wu, W., Delius, H., Monaghan, A. P., Blumenstock, C., & Niehrs, C. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/34848 · Cited by 1,608
Proteoglycans: Structures And Interactions
Kjellen, L. (1991) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.60.1.443 · Cited by 1,594
A requirement for bone morphogenetic protein-7 during development of the mammalian kidney and eye.
Dudley, A. T., Lyons, K. M., & Robertson, E. J. (1995) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.9.22.2795 · Cited by 1,131
Epithelial transformation of metanephric mesenchyme in the developing kidney regulated by Wnt-4
Stark, K., Vainio, S., Vassileva, G., & McMahon, A. P. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/372679a0 · Cited by 1,071
Self-citationSaxen, L. (1987) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511565083 · Cited by 1,030
Luo, G., Hofmann, C., Bronckers, A. L., Sohocki, M., Bradley, A., & Karsenty, G. (1995) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.9.22.2808 · Cited by 1,021
The candidate Wilms' tumour gene is involved in genitourinary development
Pritchard-Jones, K., Fleming, S., Davidson, D., Bickmore, W., Porteous, D., Gosden, C., Bard, J., Buckler, A., Pelletier, J., Housman, D., et al. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/346194a0 · Cited by 864
Cited by
The Wnt Signaling Pathway in Development and Disease
Logan, C. Y., & Nusse, R. (2004) · Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.20.010403.113126 · Cited by 5,325
Wilms' tumour: connecting tumorigenesis and organ development in the kidney
Rivera, M. N., & Haber, D. A. (2005) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1696 · Cited by 375
Murine homolog of SALL1 is essential for ureteric bud invasion in kidney development
Nishinakamura, R., Matsumoto, Y., Nakao, K., Nakamura, K., Sato, A., Copeland, N. G., Gilbert, D. J., Jenkins, N. A., Scully, S., Lacey, D. L., et al. (2001) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.128.16.3105 · Cited by 358
Wnt-5A/Ror2 Regulate Expression of XPAPC through an Alternative Noncanonical Signaling Pathway
Schambony, A., & Wedlich, D. (2007) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2007.02.016 · Cited by 310
Mesenchymal to Epithelial Conversion in Rat Metanephros Is Induced by LIF
Barasch, J., Yang, J., Ware, C. B., Taga, T., Yoshida, K., Erdjument-Bromage, H., Tempst, P., Parravicini, E., Malach, S., Aranoff, T., et al. (1999) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81524-x · Cited by 272
Metadata
- Authors
- Kispert, A., Vainio, S., & McMahon, A. P.
- Venue
- Development
- Publisher
- The Company of Biologists
- Published
- 1998-11-01
- Volume
- 125
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 4225-4234
- ISSN
- 0950-1991 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-9129
- OpenAlex
- W2124852687
- Cited by
- 522
- References
- 42
- FWCI
- 6.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Wnt-4 is a mesenchymal signal for epithelial transformation of metanephric mesenchyme in the developing kidney. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1242/dev.125.21.4225
- The paper
- Kispert, A., Vainio, S., & McMahon, A. P. (1998). Wnt-4 is a mesenchymal signal for epithelial transformation of metanephric mesenchyme in the developing kidney. Development. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.125.21.4225
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
