Time course of the adaptive responses of aerobic power and heart rate to training

HICKSON, R. C.; HAGBERG, J. M.; EHSANI, A. A.; HOLLOSZY, J. O.

doi:10.1249/00005768-198101000-00012

Cited by 187Cardiovascular and exercise physiologySports Performance and TrainingExercise and Physiological Responses

Time course of the adaptive responses of aerobic power and heart rate to training

HICKSON, R. C., HAGBERG, J. M., EHSANI, A. A., HOLLOSZY, J. O.·1981·Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

DOI 10.1249/00005768-198101000-00012

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Abstract

Nine subjects participated in an exercise program for 40 min/day, 6 days/wk. The training work rates were kept constant for the first 4 wk. The work rates were then increased to a higher level and kept constant for an additional 5 wk. During both training periods, maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) increased for the first 3 wk and then remained constant. The half times (tl/2) of the increases in VO2max during the two periods were 10.3 and 10.8 days. These results provide evidence that the adaptation to endurance exercise of the system(s) that limit VO2max is rapid, with a tl/2 of less than 11 days. The total increase in VO2max in the 9 wk of training was 23%. The decreases in the heart rate and blood lactate responses to a standard submaximal exercise test also occurred within the first 2 to 3 wk of each training period. Our results show that unless the training stimulus is increased, a high intensity daily exercise program does not result in a further increase in VO2max or further decreases in the blood lactate or heart rate responses to submaximal exercise after 3 wk.

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Cardiovascular fitness can improve with only one week of exercise training.
“Measures of cardiovascular fitness have been shown to increase after as little as one week of exercise training (Hickson et al., 1981).”
From Multi-modal characterization of rapid anterior hippocampal volume increase associated with aerobic exercise (2016) · cites this paper as Hickson et al., 1981

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Authors: HICKSON, R. C., HAGBERG, J. M., EHSANI, A. A., & HOLLOSZY, J. O.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID: HAGBERG, J. M.
EHSANI, A. A.
Venue: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 1981-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 17???20
ISSN: 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1249/00005768-198101000-00012
OpenAlex: W2082036567
Cited by: 187
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 5.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords: aerobic power, VO2max, heart rate, endurance training, training effects, blood lactate, submaximal exercise, training stimulus
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Lactates, Male, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Education and Training, Physical Endurance

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Time course of the adaptive responses of aerobic power and heart rate to training

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