Changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and coronary heart disease risk factors following 24 wk of moderate- or high-intensity exercise of equal energy cost
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This study was designed to investigate the effect of exercise intensity on cardiorespiratory fitness and coronary heart disease risk factors. Maximum oxygen consumption (V̇o 2 max), lipid, lipoprotein, and fibrinogen concentrations were measured in 64 previously sedentary men before random allocation to a nonexercise control group, a moderate-intensity exercise group (three 400-kcal sessions per week at 60% of V̇o 2 max), or a high-intensity exercise group (three 400-kcal sessions per week at 80% of V̇o 2 max). Subjects were instructed to maintain their normal dietary habits, and training heart rates were represcribed after monthly fitness tests. Forty-two men finished the study. After 24 wk, V̇o 2 max increased by 0.38 ± 0.14 l/min in the moderate-intensity group and by 0.55 ± 0.27 l/min in the high-intensity group. Repeated-measures analysis of variance identified a significant interaction between monthly V̇o 2 max score and exercise group ( F = 3.37, P < 0.05), indicating that V̇o 2 max responded differently to moderate- and high-intensity exercise. Trend analysis showed that total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fibrinogen concentrations changed favorably across control, moderate-intensity, and high-intensity groups. However, significant changes in total cholesterol (−0.55 ± 0.81 mmol/l), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.52 ± 0.80 mmol/l), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (−0.54 ± 0.86 mmol/l) were only observed in the high-intensity group (all P < 0.05 vs. controls). These data suggest that high-intensity training is more effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness than moderate-intensity training of equal energy cost. These data also suggest that changes in coronary heart disease risk factors are influenced by exercise intensity.
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Aerobic exercise training positively affects dyslipidaemia and Metabolic Syndrome and lowers cardiovascular disease risk.
“Aerobic exercise training (AET) positively affects dyslipidaemia and MetS [17–20] and lowers CVD risk [21, 22].”
In the same amount of exercise, higher exercise intensity leads to more obvious changes in blood lipids.
“O’Donovan et al. [24] aimed to study the effect of exercise intensity on lipid changes and found that, in the same amount of exercise, the exercise intensity is higher, the more obvious changes in blood lipids.”
From Effects of aerobic exercise on lipids and lipoproteins (2017) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- O'Donovan, G., Owen, A., Bird, S. R., Kearney, E. M., Nevill, A. M., Jones, D. W., & Woolf-May, K.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2005-05
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1619-1625
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2105188051
- Cited by
- 276
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 24.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RMIT Research Repository (RMIT University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Kent Academic Repository (University of Kent) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Keywords
- exercise intensity, cardiorespiratory fitness, VO2max, coronary risk factors, high-intensity training, moderate-intensity training, lipid profile, lipoproteins, fibrinogen, sedentary men, energy expenditure
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Cholesterol, Coronary Disease, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Fitness, Risk Factors, Exercise
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