Muscular adaptation to concentric and eccentric exercise at equal power levels

MAYHEW, THOMAS P.; ROTHSTEIN, JULES M.; FINUCANE, SHERYL D.; LAMB, ROBERT L.

doi:10.1249/00005768-199506000-00011

Cited by 66Sports Performance and TrainingCardiovascular and exercise physiologyMuscle metabolism and nutrition

Muscular adaptation to concentric and eccentric exercise at equal power levels

MAYHEW, THOMAS P., ROTHSTEIN, JULES M., FINUCANE, SHERYL D., LAMB, ROBERT L.·1995·Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

DOI 10.1249/00005768-199506000-00011

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The effect of training with concentric and eccentric contractions on fiber hypertrophy and isometric torque production was investigated in 20 healthy subjects. One group (eight female and two male subjects) performed concentric contractions of their quadriceps femoris muscles at an intensity of 90% of their maximal concentric power. The other group (six female and four male subjects) performed eccentric contractions at the same relative power level. Both groups exercised three times per week for 4 wk at a constant speed of 60 degrees.s-1 on a Kin-Com dynamometer. Needle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis before and after the exercise program. Fiber-type differentiation was performed using a myosin ATPase stain at a preincubation of 10.5. Maximal isometric knee extension torque was also measured before and after the exercise program. An analysis of covariance was used to determine whether there were significant differences between the exercise groups in: 1) the post-exercise fiber areas and 2) maximal isometric torque (MIso), while controlling for initial differences. Results showed a significant difference between the Type II fiber areas (P < 0.01) and the MIso (P = 0.01). These data indicate that, when exercising at the same relative power level, a subject performing concentric contractions will show greater muscle hypertrophy and improve in MIso production more than a subject training with eccentric contractions.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1249/00005768-199506000-00011

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Still being checked.

Sorted by citations

The effects of eccentric versus concentric resistance training on muscle strength and mass in healthy adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis.
Roig, M., O’Brien, K., Kirk, G., Murray, R., McKinnon, P., Shadgan, B., & Reid, W. D. (2009) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.051417 · Cited by 598 · see citing works
The influence of frequency, intensity, volume and mode of strength training on whole muscle cross-sectional area in humans
Wernbom, M., Augustsson, J., & Thome??, R. (2007) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200737030-00004 · Cited by 583 · see citing works
Exercise and Bone Mass in Adults
Guadalupe-Grau, A., Fuentes, T., Guerra, B., & Calbet, J. A. L. (2009) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200939060-00002 · Cited by 397 · see citing works
Skeletal Muscle Remodeling in Response to Eccentric vs. Concentric Loading: Morphological, Molecular, and Metabolic Adaptations
Franchi, M. V., Reeves, N. D., & Narici, M. V. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00447 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Eccentric muscle damage: mechanisms of early reduction of force
Allen, D. G. (2001) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1046/j.1365-201x.2001.00833.x · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Does Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Play a Role in Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy?
Schoenfeld, B. J. (2012) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0b013e31824f207e · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Creatine Supplementation Does Not Increase Peak Power Production and Work Capacity During Repetitive Wingate Testing in Women
Ledford, A., & Branch, J. (1999) · The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/1533-4287(1999)013 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Stage I and II Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction Treated by a Structured Nonoperative Management Protocol: An Orthosis and Exercise Program
Alvarez, R. G., Marini, A., Schmitt, C., & Saltzman, C. L. (2006) · Foot & Ankle International · doi:10.1177/107110070602700102 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Effects of Strength Training on the Physiological Determinants of Middle- and Long-Distance Running Performance: A Systematic Review
Blagrove, R. C., Howatson, G., & Hayes, P. R. (2017) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-017-0835-7 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Eccentric Exercise Training: Modalities, Applications and Perspectives
Isner-Horobeti, M.-È., Dufour, S. P., Vautravers, P., Gény, B., Coudeyre, E., & Richard, R. (2013) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-013-0052-y · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Short-term high- vs. low-velocity isokinetic lengthening training results in greater hypertrophy of the elbow flexors in young men
Shepstone, T. N., Tang, J. E., Dallaire, S., Schuenke, M. D., Staron, R. S., & Phillips, S. M. (2005) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01027.2004 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Low- or High-Intensity Strength Training Partially Restores Impaired Quadriceps Force Accuracy and Steadiness in Aged Adults
Hortobágyi, T., Tunnel, D., Moody, J., Beam, S., & DeVita, P. (2001) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/56.1.b38 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Maximum Strength-Power-Performance Relationships in Collegiate Throwers
STONE, M. H., SANBORN, K., OʼBRYANT, H. S., HARTMAN, M., STONE, M. E., PROULX, C., WARD, B., & HRUBY, J. (2003) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/00124278-200311000-00019 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Neuromuscular and muscle-tendon system adaptations to isotonic and isokinetic eccentric exercise
Guilhem, G., Cornu, C., & Guével, A. (2010) · Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2010.04.003 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to isometric, lengthening, and shortening training bouts of equivalent duration
Adams, G. R., Cheng, D. C., Haddad, F., & Baldwin, K. M. (2004) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01162.2003 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Aging, Functional Capacity and Eccentric Exercise Training
Gault, M. L. (2013) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2013.0400351 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Possible Stimuli for Strength and Power Adaptation: Acute Mechanical Responses
Crewther, B., Cronin, J., & Keogh, J. (2005) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200535110-00004 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Understanding Muscle Architectural Adaptation: Macro- and Micro-Level Research
Blazevich, A. J., & Sharp, N. C. C. (2005) · Cells Tissues Organs · doi:10.1159/000089964 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Time Course of Neuromuscular Adaptations to Knee Extensor Eccentric Training
Baroni, B., Rodrigues, R., Franke, R., Geremia, J., Rassier, D., & Vaz, M. (2013) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0032-1333263 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Stimuli for Adaptations in Muscle Length and the Length Range of Active Force Exertion—A Narrative Review
Kruse, A., Rivares, C., Weide, G., Tilp, M., & Jaspers, R. T. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.742034 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Eccentric exercise in aging and diseased skeletal muscle: good or bad?
Lovering, R. M., & Brooks, S. V. (2013) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00174.2013 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Effects of Regular Exercise Training on Skeletal Muscle Contractile Function
Fitts, R. H. (2003) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/01.phm.0000059336.40487.9c · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Possible Stimuli for Strength and Power Adaptation
Crewther, B. T., Cronin, J. B., & Keogh, J. (2006) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-200636010-00005 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Quadriceps Concentric EMG Activity Is Greater than Eccentric EMG Activity during the Lateral Step-Up Exercise
Selseth, A., Dayton, M., Cordova, M. L., Ingersoll, C. D., & Merrick, M. A. (2000) · Journal of Sport Rehabilitation · doi:10.1123/jsr.9.2.124 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Histochemical study of the vastus lateralis muscle fibre types of athletes
Ricoy, J. R., Encinas, A., Cabello, A., Madero, S., & Arenas, J. (1998) · Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/bf03655562 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Statin myalgia is not associated with reduced muscle strength, mass or protein turnover in older male volunteers, but is allied with a slowing of time to peak power output, insulin resistance and differential muscle mRNA expression
Mallinson, J. E., Marimuthu, K., Murton, A. J., Selby, A., Smith, K., Constantin‐Teodosiu, D., Rennie, M. J., & Greenhaff, P. L. (2015) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2014.285577 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
A 4-Week Intervention Involving Mobile-Based Daily 6-Minute Micro-Sessions of Functional High-Intensity Circuit Training Improves Strength and Quality of Life, but Not Cardio-Respiratory Fitness of Young Untrained Adults
Sperlich, B., Hahn, L.-S., Edel, A., Behr, T., Helmprobst, J., Leppich, R., Wallmann-Sperlich, B., & Holmberg, H. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00423 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Reproducibility of electromyographic recordings of submaximal concentric and eccentric muscle contractions in humans
Finucane, S., Rafeei, T., Kues, J. M., Lamb, R., & Mayhew, T. P. (1998) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control · doi:10.1016/s0924-980x(98)00020-4 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citation
Comparison of the Effects of Eccentric, Concentric, and Eccentric-Concentric Isotonic Resistance Training at Two Velocities on Strength and Muscle Hypertrophy.
Ünlü, G., Çevikol, C., & Melekoğlu, T. (2020) · Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research · doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003086 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
The metabolic and temporal basis of muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance exercise
Brook, M. S., Wilkinson, D. J., Smith, K., & Atherton, P. J. (2015) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2015.1073362 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Effects of Repetitive Handgrip Training on Endurance, Specificity, and Cross–Education
Shields, R. K., Leo, K. C., Messaros, A. J., & Somers, V. K. (1999) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.1093/ptj/79.5.467 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Heavy Resistance Training Versus Plyometric Training for Improving Running Economy and Running Time Trial Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Eihara, Y., Takao, K., Sugiyama, T., Maeo, S., Terada, M., Kanehisa, H., & Isaka, T. (2022) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-022-00511-1 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Eccentric resistance training of the knee extensor muscle: Training programs and neuromuscular adaptations
Baroni, B. M., Pinto, R. S., Herzog, W., & Vaz, M. A. (2015) · Isokinetics and Exercise Science · doi:10.3233/ies-150580 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Short‐term high‐ vs low‐velocity isokinetic lengthening training results in greater hypertrophy of the elbow flexors in young men
Shepstone, T. N., Tang, J. E., Dallaire, S., Schuenke, M. D., Staron, R. S., & Phillips, S. M. (2005) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2005.453_1.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Monitoring the Intensity of Aquatic Resistance Exercises With Devices That Increase the Drag Force: An Update
Colado, J. C., & Triplett, N. T. (2009) · Strength and conditioning journal · doi:10.1519/ssc.0b013e3181a605b2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Alterations in IGF-I affect elderly: role of physical activity
Sagiv, M., Chen, Y., Amir, R., & Nir, Y. (2007) · European Review of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1007/s11556-007-0022-1 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Morphological comparison of different protocols of skeletal muscle remobilization in rats after hindlimb suspension
Cornachione, A. S., Cação-Benedini, L. O., Shimano, M. M., Volpon, J. B., Martínez, E. Z., & Mattiello‐Sverzut, A. C. (2008) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.2007.00720.x · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The effects of four weeks of ribose supplementation on body composition and exercise performance in healthy, young, male recreational bodybuilders: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Gammeren, D. V., Falk, D. J., & António, J. (2002) · Current Therapeutic Research · doi:10.1016/s0011-393x(02)80054-6 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
May the Force and Mass Be With You—Evidence-Based Contribution of Mechano-Biological Descriptors of Resistance Exercise
Viecelli, C., & Aguayo, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.686119 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Post-immobilization eccentric training promotes greater hypertrophic and angiogenic responses than passive stretching in muscles of weanling rats
Benedini-Elias, P. C. O., Morgan, M. C., Cornachione, A. S., Martínez, E. Z., & Mattiello‐Sverzut, A. C. (2013) · Acta Histochemica · doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2013.10.008 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Effects of eccentric exercise in rehabilitation of phasic and tonic muscles after leg immobilization in rats
Cornachione, A. S., Cação-Benedini, L. O., Chesca, D. L., Martínez, E. Z., & Mattiello‐Sverzut, A. C. (2014) · Acta Histochemica · doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2014.07.002 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Adaptations biochimiques et structurales du muscle à l'entraînement en force
Bigard, A. X., & Koulmann, N. (2006) · Science & Sports · doi:10.1016/j.scispo.2005.12.002 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Dynamic training of the lumbar musculature to prevent recurrence of acute low back pain: a randomized controlled trial using a daily pain recall for 1 year
Ciriello, V. M., Shaw, W. S., Rivard, A. J., & Woiszwillo, M. J. (2012) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.3109/09638288.2012.656787 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
La influencia del trabajo de fuerza. Resistencia en los factores de rendimiento de los jugadores de fútbol del alto nivel
Lima, L. D. D. C. (2010) · doi:10.18002/10612/910 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Effects of Preloaded Isokinetic versus Pure Isokinetic Training on Dynamic and Static Lumbar Muscle Strength and Endurance
Ciriello, V. M., & McGorry, R. W. (2000) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1023/a:1009432332196 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The mechanical, hormonal and metabolic responses to two resistance loading schemes
Crewther, B. T. (2004) · Tuwhera (Auckland University of Technology) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Arbeitsweise des gesunden Herzens
Roskamm, H., & Dickhuth, H. ‐. (2004) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-18649-3_7 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training Affect Running Economy in Endurance Runners: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Feng, Y., Li, D., Liu, Y., & Tang, D. (2025) · Journal of Human Kinetics · doi:10.5114/jhk/205427 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“…as four weeks, the surface electromyography activity of muscles and the hypertrophy of muscles increased significantly at the 4 th week) (Baroni et al., 2013; Del Vecchio et al., 2019; Mayhew et al., 1995; Moritani and deVries, 1979), or if they involved non ‐ interval training interventions.”
Effects of Supersets Versus Traditional Strength Training Methods on Muscle Adaptations, Recovery, and Selected Anthropometric Measures
White, J. B. (2011) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Efectos sobre la masa muscular y las manifestaciones de la fuerza, del entrenamiento unilateral excéntrico vs concéntrico
Luján, R. C. (2014) · doi:10.18002/10612/4227
Corticospinal and spinal responses and adaptations from shortening and lengthening resistance training and subsequent detraining
Tallent, J. (2014) · Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)
Análise das respostas musculares adaptativas frente a protocolos de alongamento e exercício excêntrico, aplicados após desuso do membro posterior de ratas em desenvolvimento pós-natal
Oliveira, P. C. B. (2009) · doi:10.11606/d.17.2009.tde-22122009-152827
The effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on body composition, strength and energy expenditure in humans when combined with resistance training
Pinkoski, C. (2003) · University Library - University of Saskatchewan (University of Saskatchewan)
Satellite Cell Proliferation in Response to a Chronic Laboratory- Controlled Uphill vs. Downhill Interval Training Intervention
Eksteen, G. (2006) · SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)
equivalent duration lengthening, and shortening training bouts of Skeletal muscle hypertrophy in response to isometric,
Adams, G. R., Cheng, D. C., Haddad, F., Baldwin, K. M., Coffey, V. G., Pilegaard, H., GARNHAM, A. P., O’Brien, B. J., John, Â. B., Hawley, J. A., et al. (2015)
Desarrollo de la fuerza explosiva durante un macrociclo de entrenamiento en un equipo de fútbol profesional
Medicina, F. D., & de la Salud, C. (2014)
Voimaharjoittelun ja yhdistetyn voima-kestävyysharjoittelun vaikutus nelipäisen reisilihaksen poikkipinta-alaan ja voimantuottoon 25-45-vuotiailla miehillä
Kaarakainen, E. (2008) · Jyväskylä University Digital Archive (University of Jyväskylä)
Benefícios dos exercícios excêntricos e concêntricos dentro do programa de fortalecimento muscular
Lustosa, L. P. (2018) · Fisioterapia Brasil · doi:10.33233/fb.v8i4.1791
meta-analysisadults: a systematic review with resistance training on muscle strength and mass The effects of eccentric versus concentric
Roig, M., Kirk, G., Murray, R., McKinnon, P., & Reid, W. D. (2009)
During the Lateral Step-Up Exercise
Christopher, D. A. (2000)
Mechanical and metabolic stresses contribute to high force contraction signaling
Rahnert, J. A. (2012) · SMARTech Repository (Georgia Institute of Technology)
The Neuromuscular Responses to Eccentric Cycling and the Implications for Athletic Development
Green, D. (2018) · Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)
The application of novel high-intensity eccentric exercise : evolving high-performance strength and conditioning practice
Harden, M. (2019) · Northumbria Research Link (Northumbria University)
Treinamento de força e suplementação de creatina
de Souza, T. P. (2005) · doi:10.47749/t/unicamp.2005.362506
An Improved Compound Gaussian Model for Bivariate Surface EMG Signals Related to Strength Training
Kusuru, D., Turlapaty, A. C., & Thakur, M. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems · doi:10.1109/thms.2024.3486450
Os efeitos do treinamento de força e do treinamento em circuito na ativação e na força muscular, no consumo máximo de oxigênio e na densidade mineral óssea de mulheres pós-menopáusicas com perda óssea
Brentano, M. A. (2004) · Americanae (AECID Library)

THE EFFECTS OF CONCENTRIC AND ECCENTRIC CONTRACTIONS PERFORMED AT EQUAL POWER LEVELS ON SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBER HYPERTROPHY
Mayhew, T. P. (1991) · VCU Scholars Compass (Virginia Commonwealth University) · doi:10.25772/kxsv-1p93
Self-citation
Adaptive responses to muscle lengthening and shortening in humans
Hortobágyi, T., HILL, J. P., Houmard, J. A., FRASER, D. D., Lambert, N. J., & Israel, R. G. (1996) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1996.80.3.765 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Metabolic and Vascular Limb Differences Affected by Exercise, Gender, Age, and Disease
Richardson, R. S., Secher, N. H., Tschakovsky, M. E., Proctor, D. N., & Wray, D. W. (2006) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000229568.17284.ab · Cited by 127 · see citing works
A Comparison of Concentric and Eccentric Resistance Training on Muscle Hypertrophy
Romanick, M. A. (1993) · UND Scholarly Commons (University of North Dakota)
Effects of eccentric and concentric muscle actions in resistance training
Colliander, E. B., & Tesch, P. A. (1990) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1990.tb08973.x · Cited by 221 · see citing works

Authors: MAYHEW, T. P., ROTHSTEIN, J. M., FINUCANE, S. D., & LAMB, R. L.
Affiliations: Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
ORCID: FINUCANE, SHERYL D.
Venue: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 1995-06
Volume: 27
Issue: 6
Pages: 868???874
ISSN: 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1249/00005768-199506000-00011
OpenAlex: W2044837682
Cited by: 66
References: 0
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 0.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
Keywords: muscle hypertrophy, eccentric training, concentric training, fast-twitch muscle, isometric torque, quadriceps, vastus lateralis, muscle fiber area, resistance training
MeSH terms: Adaptation, Physiological, Adult, Female, Humans, Knee Joint, Male, Thigh, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Muscular adaptation to concentric and eccentric exercise at equal power levels

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks