Cited by 156Physical Activity and HealthObesity, Physical Activity, DietSchool Health and Nursing Education

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Physically Active Academic Lessons and Time on Task: The Moderating Effect of Body Mass Index

GRIECO, LAUREN A., JOWERS, ESBELLE M., BARTHOLOMEW, JOHN B.·2009·Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

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Abstract

UNLABELLED: Physically active classroom lessons have been found to increase on-task behavior in children. Given that physical activity has been associated with an increased time on task (TOT) and that overweight children take fewer steps than normal weight children do, it was expected that benefits of the physical activity would differentially impact those children of higher weight status. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of a physically active classroom lesson and body mass index (BMI) category on TOT in a sample of elementary-aged children (N = 97). METHODS: Behavior was assessed through direct observations before and after a physically active classroom lesson and before and after a traditional inactive classroom lesson. TOT was calculated through momentary time sampling for each student by dividing the number of on-task observations by the total number of observations per student (interrater reliability = 94%). RESULTS: TOT decreased significantly from before to after the lesson for all BMI categories in the inactive control condition, with no change for the active condition. Post hoc analyses found a significant linear effect for the reduction in TOT with each level of BMI in the inactive condition, with the greatest magnitude of effect for the overweight group. CONCLUSIONS: Physically active classroom lessons provide a buffer to prevent the steep reduction in TOT experienced after a period of inactivity in all children, especially those who are overweight.

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Background
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Authors: GRIECO, L. A., JOWERS, E. M., & BARTHOLOMEW, J. B.
Affiliations: The University of Texas at Austin (US)
ORCID: BARTHOLOMEW, JOHN B.
Venue: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2009-10
Volume: 41
Issue: 10
Pages: 1921-1926
ISSN: 0195-9131 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181a61495
OpenAlex: W2056922303
Cited by: 156
References: 18
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 2.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R21DK071975)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › School Health and Nursing Education
Keywords: time on task, on-task behavior, body mass index, childhood overweight, elementary school students, school-based physical activity, inactivity, child behavior
MeSH terms: Analysis of Variance, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Random Allocation, Schools, Task Performance and Analysis, Teaching, Time Factors, Body Mass Index, Single-Blind Method, Overweight

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Physically Active Academic Lessons and Time on Task: The Moderating Effect of Body Mass Index

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