Profiling non-lysyl tRNAs in HIV-1
Open accessAbstract
During its assembly, human HIV-1 selectively packages the tRNA Lys isoacceptors, including tRNA Lys3, the primer for the reverse transcriptase. However, other low molecular weight RNA species are also seen in the virus. We profiled the tRNAs packaged into HIV-1 using microarray analysis and validated our results by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and RT-PCR. In addition to tRNA Lys isoacceptors, tRNA Asn and the rare isoacceptor of tRNA Ile are also selectively packaged. In Gag viral-like particles missing the GagPol protein, overall tRNA incorporation is reduced by >80%. This reduction is significantly greater than can be accounted for by the reduction in tRNA Lys isoacceptors, tRNA Asn and tRNA Ile, suggesting that incorporation of other tRNAs may also require the GagPol protein. These results demonstrate selective incorporation of non-lysyl tRNAs into HIV-1 and highlight the application of microarrays as a novel method to study tRNA incorporation into viruses.
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tRNAs decoding rare codons are packaged by HIV-1.
“Interestingly, tRNAs decoding rare codons are packaged by HIV-1 (51).”
From Role of host tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in retroviral replication (2019) · cites this paper as [51]
The Microarray analysis of viral tRNAs reports that HIV-1 selectively packages tRNA Ile(UAU), which reads AUA—a rare isoleucine codon in humans. The paper identifies this one example, not tRNAs decoding rare codons generally; it also says AUA is the most common isoleucine codon in HIV-1. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHuman tRNA Lys,3 is selectively packaged into HIV-1 virions, together with another tRNA Lys isoacceptor, tRNA Lys1,2, that does not serve as a reverse transcription primer.
“Human tRNA Lys,3 is selectively packaged into HIV-1 virions, together with another tRNA Lys isoacceptor, tRNA Lys1,2 , that does not serve as a reverse transcription primer (50,51).”
From Role of host tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in retroviral replication (2019) · cites this paper as [51]
A human tRNA microarray has been developed for tRNA quantification and has been applied in tRNA profiling in HIV-1, specific human tissues and tumor cells, and in identifying the complete interactome of tRNA-binding proteins.
“A human tRNA microarray has been developed for tRNA quantification and has been applied in tRNA profiling in HIV-1 (51), as well as of specific human tissues and tumor cells, and in identifying the complete interactome of tRNA-binding proteins (136 -138).”
From Role of host tRNAs and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in retroviral replication (2019) · cites this paper as [51]
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- Authors
- Pavon-Eternod, M., Wei, M., Pan, T., & Kleiman, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Jewish General Hospital (CA)
- Venue
- RNA
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 2009-12-09
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 267-273
- ISSN
- 1355-8382 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-9001
- PMC
- PMC2811655
- OpenAlex
- W2028741143
- Cited by
- 62
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- RNA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5f31ca139968-02, 1F31CA139968)
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- National Cancer Institute (F31 CA139968, 1F31CA139968)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Keywords
- HIV-1, tRNA isoacceptors, tRNA-Ile, viral assembly, virus-like particles
- MeSH terms
- Base Sequence, Cell Line, Humans, RNA, Transfer, Amino Acid-Specific, RNA, Transfer, Asn, RNA, Transfer, Ile, RNA, Transfer, Lys, RNA, Viral, Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional, DNA Probes, HIV-1, Virus Assembly, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
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