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Prenatal Ambient Air Pollution, Placental Mitochondrial DNA Content, and Birth Weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIR ON AGE (Belgium) Birth Cohorts

Clemente, Diana B.P., Casas, Maribel, Vilahur, Nadia, Begiristain, Haizea, Bustamante, Mariona, Carsin, Anne-Elie, Fernández, Mariana F., Fierens, Frans, Gyselaers, Wilfried, Iñiguez, Carmen, Janssen, Bram G., Lefebvre, Wouter, Llop, Sabrina, Olea, Nicolás, Pedersen, Marie, Pieters, Nicky, Santa Marina, Loreto, Souto, Ana, Tardón, Adonina, Vanpoucke, Charlotte, Vrijheid, Martine, Sunyer, Jordi, Nawrot, Tim S.·2016·Environmental Health Perspectives
DOI 10.1289/ehp.1408981
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Abstract

Background: Mitochondria are sensitive to environmental toxicants due to their lack of repair capacity. Changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content may represent a biologically relevant intermediate outcome in mechanisms linking air pollution and fetal growth restriction. Objective: We investigated whether placental mtDNA content is a possible mediator of the association between prenatal nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure and birth weight. Methods: We used data from two independent European cohorts: INMA (n = 376; Spain) and ENVIRONAGE (n = 550; Belgium). Relative placental mtDNA content was determined as the ratio of two mitochondrial genes (MT-ND1 and MTF3212/R3319) to two control genes (RPLP0 and ACTB). Effect estimates for individual cohorts and the pooled data set were calculated using multiple linear regression and mixed models. We also performed a mediation analysis. Results: Pooled estimates indicated that a 10-μg/m3 increment in average NO2 exposure during pregnancy was associated with a 4.9% decrease in placental mtDNA content (95% CI: –9.3, –0.3%) and a 48-g decrease (95% CI: –87, –9 g) in birth weight. However, the association with birth weight was significant for INMA (–66 g; 95% CI: –111, –23 g) but not for ENVIRONAGE (–20 g; 95% CI: –101, 62 g). Placental mtDNA content was associated with significantly higher mean birth weight (pooled analysis, interquartile range increase: 140 g; 95% CI: 43, 237 g). Mediation analysis estimates, which were derived for the INMA cohort only, suggested that 10% (95% CI: 6.6, 13.0 g) of the association between prenatal NO2 and birth weight was mediated by changes in placental mtDNA content. Conclusion: Our results suggest that mtDNA content can be one of the potential mediators of the association between prenatal air pollution exposure and birth weight. Citation: Clemente DB, Casas M, Vilahur N, Begiristain H, Bustamante M, Carsin AE, Fernández MF, Fierens F, Gyselaers W, Iñiguez C, Janssen BG, Lefebvre W, Llop S, Olea N, Pedersen M, Pieters N, Santa Marina L, Souto A, Tardón A, Vanpoucke C, Vrijheid M, Sunyer J, Nawrot TS. 2016. Prenatal ambient air pollution, placental mitochondrial DNA content, and birth weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIRONAGE (Belgium) birth cohorts. Environ Health Perspect 124:659–665; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408981

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Metadata

Authors
Clemente, D. B. P., Casas, M., Vilahur, N., Begiristain, H., Bustamante, M., Carsin, A.-E., Fernández, M. F., Fierens, F., Gyselaers, W., Iñiguez, C., Janssen, B. G., Lefebvre, W., Llop, S., Olea, N., Pedersen, M., Pieters, N., Santa Marina, L., Souto, A., Tardón, A., Vanpoucke, C., Vrijheid, M., Sunyer, J., & Nawrot, T. S.
Affiliations
  • Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
  • Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
  • Institute for environmental medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
  • Health Research Institute (BIODONOSTIA), Gipuzkoa, Spain
  • CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
  • Belgian Interregional Environment Agency, Brussels, Belgium
  • Department of Obstetrics, East-Limburg Hospital, Genk, Belgium
  • Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
Venue
Environmental Health Perspectives
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2015-08-28
Volume
124
Issue
5
Pages
659-665
ISSN
  • 0091-6765
  • 1552-9924
DOI
10.1289/ehp.1408981
Cited by
132
References
3
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor, 854 d)

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Prenatal Ambient Air Pollution, Placental Mitochondrial DNA Content, and Birth Weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIR ON AGE (Belgium) Birth Cohorts. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1289/ehp.1408981
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Clemente, D. B. P., Casas, M., Vilahur, N., Begiristain, H., Bustamante, M., Carsin, A.-E., Fernández, M. F., Fierens, F., Gyselaers, W., Iñiguez, C., Janssen, B. G., Lefebvre, W., Llop, S., Olea, N., Pedersen, M., Pieters, N., Santa Marina, L., Souto, A., Tardón, A., . . . Nawrot, T. S. (2016). Prenatal Ambient Air Pollution, Placental Mitochondrial DNA Content, and Birth Weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIR ON AGE (Belgium) Birth Cohorts. Environmental Health Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408981

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