The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The Protective Powers of Crisis Response Strategies: Managing Reputational Assets During a Crisis
Abstract
This study examines how stakeholders perceive the various crisis response strategies identified in the Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT). SCCT seeks to use research and theory to develop recommendations for the use of crisis response strategies. The crisis response strategies are matched to the nature of the crisis situation. The idea is to match the level of responsibility and aid to victims in the crisis response strategy that would be warranted by the crisis responsibility and reputational damage generated by the crisis situation. This study reviews previous research in SCCT, establishes the need to examine stakeholder perceptions of crisis response strategies, and examines how respondents perceive crisis response strategies in terms of accepting responsibility and helping victims. The results and implications confirm many of the ideas about crisis response strategies advanced in SCCT.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Crisis responsibility is used to determine the type of crisis a situation may be classified as, from victim crises, in which there are low attributions of crisis responsibility, to preventable crises, where there are high attributions of crisis responsibility (Coombs 2006).”
From Artificial Intelligence in Crisis Communication: Investigating Source Effects and Matched Crisis Responses on Stakeholder Perceptions (2026) · cites this paper as Coombs 2006
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 46
- 10.1080/03637759409376322 · DOI · Paper page
- Alsop R. J., 2004, The 18 Immutable Laws of Corporate Reputation: Creating, Protecting, and Repairing Your Most Valuable Asset
- Augustine N. R., 1995, Harvard Business Review, 73, 147
- Barton L., 2001, Crisis in Organizations II,
- 10.1007/BF00882067 · DOI
- Benoit W. L., 1995, Accounts, Excuses, and Apologies: A Theory of Image Restoration
- Bergman E., 1994, Communication World, 11, 9
- 10.1177/0893318995008004003 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1207/s1532754xjprr1003_02 · DOI · Paper page
- Coombs W. T., 1999, Ongoing Crisis Communication: Planning, Managing, and Responding
- 10.1177/0021943604265607 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1207/s1532754xjprr0804_04 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1207/S1532754XJPRR1304_03 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/089331802237233 · DOI · Paper page
- Coombs W. T., 2005, Research on Emotion in Organizations: Volume 1: The Effect of Affect in Organizational Settings, 271
- 10.1207/S1532754XJPRR1202_2 · doi:10.1207/s1532754xjprr1202_2
- Dowling G., 2002, Creating Corporate Reputations: Identity, Image, and Performance
- Fearn-Banks K., 1996, Crisis Communications: A Casebook Approach
- 10.1111/j.1460-2466.1994.tb00702.x · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1994.tb00702.x
- Fitzpatrick K. R., 1995, Public Relations Quarterly, 40, 33
- Fombrun C. J., 1996, Reputation: Realizing Value from the Corporate Image
- Fombrun, C. J. and van Riel, C. B. M. 2004.Fame & Fortune: How Successful Companies Build Winning Reputations, New York: Prentice Hall Financial Times.
- French M., 2002, Business Week, 3796, 76
- Fuchs-Burnett T., 2002, Dispute Resolution Journal, 57, 26
- 10.1016/S0363-8111(96)90047-8 · doi:10.1016/s0363-8111(96)90047-8
- Hearit K. M., 2001, Handbook of Public Relations, 501, 10.4135/9781452220727.n42 · doi:10.4135/9781452220727.n42
- 10.1177/0893318995008003003 · doi:10.1177/0893318995008003003
- 10.1207/S1532754XJPRR1403_2 · DOI
- Klein P., 1999, Communication World, 16, 32
- Lerbinger O., 1997, The Crisis Manager: Facing Risk and Responsibility
- 10.2307/256443 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/002194360103800202 · DOI · Paper page
- Mitroff I. I., 1988, Sloan Management Review, 29, 15
- Mitroff I. I., 1996, Across the Board, 33, 44
- Nakra P., 2000, Public Relations Quarterly, 45, 35
- 10.1177/108056990306600103 · DOI
- Pauchant T. C., 1992, Transforming the Crisis-Prone Organization: Preventing Individual, Organizational, and Environmental Tragedies
- 10.5465/AME.1993.9409142058 · DOI · Paper page
- Ray S. J., 1999, Strategic Communication in Crisis Management: Lessons from the Airline Industry
- Seeger M. W., 1998, Communication Yearbook, 21, 231
- 10.1080/01463379809370084 · DOI
- 10.1016/0363-8111(91)90007-8 · DOI
- Stewart T. D., 2002, Principles of Research in Communication
- 10.1177/0893318994007003004 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/0893318997111003 · DOI
- Winkleman, 1999, Chief Executive, 143, 80
Cited by
Shim, K., & Yang, S.-U. (2016) · Public Relations Review · doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2015.11.009 · Cited by 207
“Coombs, 2006, Coombs, 2007a and Coombs, 2007b identifies a crisis as a reputational threat to an organization because it frequently stirs up negative publicity for corporations and, consequently, people tend to think negatively about an organization.”
BackgroundResponding to a Health Crisis on Facebook: The Effects of Response Timing and Message Appeal
Huang, Y., & DiStaso, M. (2020) · Public Relations Review · doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.101909 · Cited by 63
Im, W. J., Youk, S., & Park, H. S. (2021) · Public Relations Review · doi:10.1016/j.pubrev.2020.102002 · Cited by 21
Schneider, E., Kyriakopoulos, V., Seo, Y., Hong, N., Lee, M., & Lim, J. S. (2026) · Corporate Reputation Review · doi:10.1057/s41299-026-00254-9 · Cited by 4
Niu, R., Eng, N., & Jin, Y. (2026) · Journal of Public Relations Research · doi:10.1080/1062726x.2026.2667179 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Coombs, W. T.
- Venue
- Journal of Promotion Management
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2006-09
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 241-260
- ISSN
- 1049-6491 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-7594
- OpenAlex
- W1905540416
- Cited by
- 418
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 21.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Protective Powers of Crisis Response Strategies: Managing Reputational Assets During a Crisis. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1300/j057v12n03_13
- The paper
- Coombs, W. T. (2006). The Protective Powers of Crisis Response Strategies: Managing Reputational Assets During a Crisis. Journal of Promotion Management. https://doi.org/10.1300/j057v12n03_13
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
