Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 60

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Behavior Problems in Adults With Mental Retardation and Maternal Well-Being: Examination of the Direction of Effects

Orsmond, Gael I., Seltzer, Marsha Mailick, Krauss, Marty Wyngaarden, Hong, Jinkuk·2003·American Journal on Mental Retardation

Abstract

We examined intelligence-related differences in explicit and implicit learning using an artificial grammar paradigm. Young adults with and without mental retardation completed a sequence-learning and identification task. For some participants, sequences were constructed following an artificial grammar; for others, sequences were random. Explicit learning was determined by ability to learn and later identify random sequences. Implicit learning was determined by the tendency to incorrectly identify new grammatical sequences as seen before, relative to new nongrammatical sequences. Participants with mental retardation did more poorly than participants without mental retardation on explicit learning but just as well on implicit learning. Results suggest that learning of complex materials, when accomplished through implicit processing, is functionally equivalent in individuals with and without mental retardation.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1352/0895-8017(2003)108<257:bpiawm>2.0.co;2

Cites

36 of 36 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 36 references

Cited by

See all 60

Metadata

Authors
Orsmond, G. I., Seltzer, M. M., Krauss, M. W., & Hong, J.
Venue
American Journal on Mental Retardation
Published
2003
References
36

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Behavior Problems in Adults With Mental Retardation and Maternal Well-Being: Examination of the Direction of Effects. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1352/0895-8017(2003)108%3C257:bpiawm%3E2.0.co;2
The paper
Orsmond, G. I., Seltzer, M. M., Krauss, M. W., & Hong, J. (2003). Behavior Problems in Adults With Mental Retardation and Maternal Well-Being: Examination of the Direction of Effects. American Journal on Mental Retardation. https://doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2003)108%3C257%3Abpiawm%3E2.0.co%3B2

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.