The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Supernormal vision and high-resolution retinal imaging through adaptive optics
Abstract
Even when corrected with the best spectacles or contact lenses, normal human eyes still suffer from monochromatic aberrations that blur vision when the pupil is large. We have successfully corrected these aberrations using adaptive optics, providing normal eyes with supernormal optical quality. Contrast sensitivity to fine spatial patterns was increased when observers viewed stimuli through adaptive optics. The eye's aberrations also limit the resolution of images of the retina, a limit that has existed since the invention of the ophthalmoscope. We have constructed a fundus camera equipped with adaptive optics that provides unprecedented resolution, allowing the imaging of microscopic structures the size of single cells in the living human retina.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Huang, D., Swanson, E. A., Lin, C. P., Schuman, J. S., Stinson, W. G., Chang, W., Hee, M. R., Flotte, T., Gregory, K., Puliafito, C. A., et al. (1991) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1957169 · Cited by 13,788
Human photoreceptor topography
Curcio, C. A., Sloan, K. R., Kalina, R. E., & Hendrickson, A. E. (1990) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902920402 · Cited by 2,790
Optical and retinal factors affecting visual resolution.
Campbell, F. W., & Green, D. G. (1965) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1965.sp007784 · Cited by 1,595
Liang, J., Grimm, B., Goelz, S., & Bille, J. F. (1994) · Journal of the Optical Society of America A · doi:10.1364/josaa.11.001949 · Cited by 1,195
Self-citationWave-front estimation from wave-front slope measurements
Southwell, W. H. (1980) · Journal of the Optical Society of America · doi:10.1364/josa.70.000998 · Cited by 985
Tyson, R. K. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b19712 · Cited by 864
Aberrations and retinal image quality of the normal human eye
Liang, J., & Williams, D. R. (1997) · Journal of the Optical Society of America A · doi:10.1364/josaa.14.002873 · Cited by 764
Self-citationHelmholtz's treatise on physiological optics
(1924) · Journal of the Franklin Institute · doi:10.1016/s0016-0032(24)90484-4 · Cited by 696
The luminous efficiency of rays entering the eye pupil at different points
Stiles, W. S., & Crawford, B. H. (1933) · Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character · doi:10.1098/rspb.1933.0020 · Cited by 689
Eye-length measurement by interferometry with partially coherent light
Fercher, A. F., Mengedoht, K., & Werner, W. (1988) · Optics Letters · doi:10.1364/ol.13.000186 · Cited by 516
Cited by
Organization of the human trichromatic cone mosaic
Hofer, H., Carroll, J., Neitz, J., Neitz, M., & Williams, D. R. (2005) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2414-05.2005 · Cited by 364
Self-citationA Large-Scale Database and a CNN Model for Attention-Based Glaucoma Detection
Li, L., Xu, M., Liu, H., Li, Y., Wang, X., Jiang, L., Wang, Z., Fan, X., & Wang, N. (2020) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging · doi:10.1109/tmi.2019.2927226 · Cited by 303
High-Resolution Imaging with Adaptive Optics in Patients with Inherited Retinal Degeneration
Duncan, J. L., Zhang, Y., Gandhi, J., Nakanishi, C., Othman, M., Branham, K. E. H., Swaroop, A., & Roorda, A. (2007) · Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.06-1422 · Cited by 262
The relationship between visual resolution and cone spacing in the human fovea
Rossi, E. A., & Roorda, A. (2010) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2465 · Cited by 255
Adaptive optics retinal imaging reveals S-cone dystrophy in tritan color vision deficiency
Baraas, R. C., Carroll, J., Gunther, K. L., Chung, M., Williams, D. R., Foster, D. H., & Neitz, M. (2007) · Journal of the Optical Society of America A · doi:10.1364/josaa.24.001438 · Cited by 100
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Liang, J., Williams, D. R., & Miller, D. T.
- Venue
- Journal of the Optical Society of America A
- Publisher
- Optica Publishing Group
- Published
- 1997-11-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 2884
- ISSN
- 1084-7529 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-8532
- OpenAlex
- W2126550790
- Cited by
- 1,454
- References
- 21
- FWCI
- 12.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Supernormal vision and high-resolution retinal imaging through adaptive optics. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1364/josaa.14.002884
- The paper
- Liang, J., Williams, D. R., & Miller, D. T. (1997). Supernormal vision and high-resolution retinal imaging through adaptive optics. Journal of the Optical Society of America A. https://doi.org/10.1364/josaa.14.002884
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.