Toward 1% single-photon anharmonicity with periodically poled lithium niobate microring resonators
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The absence of the single-photon nonlinearity has been a major roadblock in developing quantum photonic circuits at optical frequencies. In this paper, we demonstrate a periodically poled thin film lithium niobate microring resonator (PPLNMR) that reaches 5,000,000%/W second-harmonic conversion efficiency—almost 20-fold enhancement over the state-of-the-art—by accessing its largest χ ( 2 ) tensor component d 33 via quasi-phase matching. The corresponding single-photon coupling rate g / 2 π is estimated to be 1.2 MHz, which is an important milestone as it approaches the dissipation rate κ / 2 π of best-available lithium niobate microresonators developed in the community. Using a figure of merit defined as g / κ , our device reaches a single-photon nonlinear anharmonicity approaching 1%. We show that, by further scaling of the device, it is possible to improve the single-photon anharmonicity to a regime where photon blockade effect can be manifested.
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Compared to LN cavity electro-optic implementations, LN piezo-optomechanical implementations demonstrate higher microwave-to-optical conversion efficiencies by taking advantage of higher Q factors and smaller mode volumes of mechanical resonances.
“Compared to LN cavity electro-optic implementations, LN piezo-optomechanical implementations [167,170] demonstrate higher microwave-to-optical conversion efficiencies by taking advantage of higher Q factors and smaller mode volumes of the mechanical resonances.”
From Integrated photonics on thin-film lithium niobate (2021) · cites this paper as [167]
Efficient microwave-to-mechanical conversion has been demonstrated on suspended LN slabs with optical waveguides.
“On the other hand, efficient microwave-to-mechanical conversion has been demonstrated on suspended LN slabs with optical waveguides [167].”
From Integrated photonics on thin-film lithium niobate (2021) · cites this paper as [167]
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- Authors
- Lu, J., Li, M., Zou, C.-L., Al Sayem, A., & Tang, H. X.
- Venue
- Optica
- Publisher
- Optica Publishing Group
- Published
- 2020-11-23
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1654
- ISSN
- 2334-2536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3043239897
- Cited by
- 221
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 10.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Optica (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0019406)
- National Science Foundation (EFMA-1640959)
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation (2009-34719)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Photorefractive and Nonlinear Optics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Mechanical and Optical Resonators
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Keywords
- periodically poled lithium niobate, microring resonators, second harmonic generation, quasi-phase matching, photon blockade, quantum photonic circuits, thin-film lithium niobate
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