Using the ADAPT guidance to culturally adapt a brief intervention to reduce alcohol use among injury patients in Tanzania
Open accessAbstract
Harmful alcohol use is a leading risk factor for injury-related death and disability in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Brief negotiational interventions (BNIs) in emergency departments (EDs) effectively reduce alcohol intake and re-injury rates. However, most BNIs are developed in high-income countries, with limited evidence of their effectiveness in LMICs. To address this gap, we culturally adapted a BNI for alcohol-related injury patients at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), a tertiary hospital in Tanzania. Our study followed the ADAPT guidance to culturally adapt an existing high-income country BNI for use in the KCMC, a tertiary hospital in Tanzania. The adaptation included: 1) a systematic review of effective alcohol harm reduction interventions in similar settings; 2) consultations with local and international healthcare professionals experienced in counseling and substance abuse treatment; 3) group discussions to refine goals and finalize adaptations. The adapted BNI protocol and assessment scales ensured intervention fidelity. At KCMC, 30% of injury patients screened positive for alcohol use disorder (AUD), with a five-fold increased risk of injury, primarily from road traffic accidents and violence. A systematic review highlighted limited data on patient-level interventions in low-resource settings. Our adapted BNI, 'Punguza Pombe Kwa Afya Yako (PPKAY)', based on the FRAMES model, showed high feasibility and acceptability, with 84% of interventions achieving ≥80% adherence and 98% patient satisfaction. PPKAY is the first culturally adapted alcohol BNI for injury patients in an African ED. Our study demonstrates our approach to adapting substance use interventions for use in low resource settings and shows that cultural adaptation of alcohol use interventions is feasible, beneficial and empowering for our team. Our study lays a framework and method for other low resourced settings to integrate cultural adaptation into the implementation of a BNI in low resource EDs.
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Outcome assessors were blinded and trained to calculate alcohol use based on patient self-reporting using a standard timeline-follow-back method.
“train our blinded team members to calculate this based on patient self-reporting of alcohol use using a standard timeline-follow-back method [26].”
From Effectiveness of a brief intervention and text-based booster in the emergency department to reduce harmful and hazardous alcohol use: A pragmatic randomized adaptive clinical trial in Moshi, Tanzania (2025) · cites this paper as [26]
The Results section (‘Provide feedback’; page unavailable) describes AUDIT screening and feedback about patients’ alcohol use, not a timeline-follow-back calculation. The Methods section (‘Data collection and data analysis’; page unavailable) describes intervention fidelity review, but does not establish that blinded outcome assessors were trained to calculate alcohol use. Searches for timeline-follow-back and blinded assessors found no passage addressing those details. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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- Authors
- Staton, C. A., Zimmerman, A., Pesambili, M., Phillips, A. J., Tupetz, A., Perez de Souza, J. V., Boshe, J., Pantalon, M. H., Swahn, M., Mmbaga, B. T., & Nickenig Vissoci, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (TZ)
- Yale University (US)
- Kennesaw State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Staton, Catherine A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS Global Public Health
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2025-02-06
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e0004200
- ISSN
- 2767-3375 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11801724
- OpenAlex
- W4407199525
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3
- FWCI
- 2.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLOS Global Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Fogarty International Center (TW010000-01A1)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (1R01AA027512-01A1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- alcohol consumption reduction, alcohol-related injuries, emergency department, harm reduction, alcoholism, low- and middle-income countries, traffic accidents, violence, intervention fidelity, feasibility and acceptability, Tanzania
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