The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Treatment of Endothelial Cells Induces Autophagy by Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Activation of the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase
Open accessAbstract
Autophagy is a cellular self-digestion process activated in response to stresses such as energy deprivation and oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms by which energy deprivation and oxidative stress trigger autophagy remain undefined. Here, we report that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) by mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) is required for autophagy in cultured endothelial cells. AMPK activity, ROS levels, and the markers of autophagy were monitored in confluent bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) treated with the glycolysis blocker 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). Treatment of BAEC with 2-DG (5 mM) for 24 hours or with low concentrations of H(2)O(2) (100 µM) induced autophagy, including increased conversion of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-I to LC3-II, accumulation of GFP-tagged LC3 positive intracellular vacuoles, and increased fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes. 2-DG-treatment also induced AMPK phosphorylation, which was blocked by either co-administration of two potent anti-oxidants (Tempol and N-Acetyl-L-cysteine) or overexpression of superoxide dismutase 1 or catalase in BAEC. Further, 2-DG-induced autophagy in BAEC was blocked by overexpressing catalase or siRNA-mediated knockdown of AMPK. Finally, pretreatment of BAEC with 2-DG increased endothelial cell viability after exposure to hypoxic stress. Thus, AMPK is required for ROS-triggered autophagy in endothelial cells, which increases endothelial cell survival in response to cell stress.
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Cites
Autophagy fights disease through cellular self-digestion
Mizushima, N., Levine, B., Cuervo, A. M., & Klionsky, D. J. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06639 · Cited by 6,452
ROS as signalling molecules: Mechanisms that generate specificity in ROS homeostasis
D'Autréaux, B., & Toledano, M. B. (2007) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2256 · Cited by 3,642
Reactive oxygen species are essential for autophagy and specifically regulate the activity of Atg4
Scherz‐Shouval, R., Shvets, E., Fass, E., Shorer, H., Gil, L., & Elazar, Z. (2007) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601623 · Cited by 2,101 · cited 2×
“[16] recently reported that ROS are essential for autophagy and specifically regulate the activity of Atg4.”
BackgroundNutrient-dependent mTORC1 Association with the ULK1–Atg13–FIP200 Complex Required for Autophagy
Hosokawa, N., Hara, T., Kaizuka, T., Kishi, C., Takamura, A., Miura, Y., Iemura, S.-I., Natsume, T., Takehana, K., Yamada, N., et al. (2009) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-12-1248 · Cited by 2,076
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Activation and Signaling by the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Endothelial Cells
Fisslthaler, B., & Fleming, I. (2009) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.109.201590 · Cited by 295
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Cited by
2-Deoxy-d-Glucose and Its Analogs: From Diagnostic to Therapeutic Agents
Pajak, B., Siwiak, E., Sołtyka, M., Priebe, A., Zieliński, R., Fokt, I., Ziemniak, M., Jaśkiewicz, A., Borowski, R., Domoradzki, T., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21010234 · Cited by 574
Mitochondria and Endothelial Function
Kluge, M. A., Fetterman, J. L., & Vita, J. A. (2013) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.300233 · Cited by 508
Cellular metabolic and autophagic pathways: Traffic control by redox signaling
Dodson, M., Darley-Usmar, V., & Zhang, J. (2013) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.05.014 · Cited by 324
Calorie restriction as an intervention in ageing
López‐Lluch, G., & Navas, P. (2016) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp270543 · Cited by 288
AMPK, Mitochondrial Function, and Cardiovascular Disease
Wu, S., & Zou, M.-H. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21144987 · Cited by 286
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, Q., Liang, B., Shirwany, N. A., & Zou, M.-H.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2011-02-28
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e17234
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2084235293
- Cited by
- 182
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 13.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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