Circadian cycles of gene expression in the coral, Acropora millepora
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Circadian rhythms regulate many physiological, behavioral and reproductive processes. These rhythms are often controlled by light, and daily cycles of solar illumination entrain many clock regulated processes. In scleractinian corals a number of different processes and behaviors are associated with specific periods of solar illumination or non-illumination--for example, skeletal deposition, feeding and both brooding and broadcast spawning. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We have undertaken an analysis of diurnal expression of the whole transcriptome and more focused studies on a number of candidate circadian genes in the coral Acropora millepora using deep RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR. Many examples of diurnal cycles of RNA abundance were identified, some of which are light responsive and damped quickly under constant darkness, for example, cryptochrome 1 and timeless, but others that continue to cycle in a robust manner when kept in constant darkness, for example, clock, cryptochrome 2, cycle and eyes absent, indicating that their transcription is regulated by an endogenous clock entrained to the light-dark cycle. Many other biological processes that varied between day and night were also identified by a clustering analysis of gene ontology annotations. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Corals exhibit diurnal patterns of gene expression that may participate in the regulation of circadian biological processes. Rhythmic cycles of gene expression occur under constant darkness in both populations of coral larvae that lack zooxanthellae and in individual adult tissue containing zooxanthellae, indicating that transcription is under the control of a biological clock. In addition to genes potentially involved in regulating circadian processes, many other pathways were found to display diel cycles of transcription.
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Further studies employing artificial illumination mimicking both light/dark cycles and moonlight provided conflicting results for some of the above-mentioned data collected under natural light conditions.
“It has to be noted that further studies employing artificial illumination mimicking both light/dark cycles and moonlight provided conflicting results for some of the above-mentioned data collected under natural light conditions.”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [31]
In Acropora millepora, only cry1 (but not cry2) was affected by exposure to DD, whereas cry2 increased under natural moonlight compared to artificial one during both LQM and FM.
“For instance, only cry1 (but not cry2) was affected by exposure to DD, whereas, although not significantly, cry2 increased under natural moonlight compared to the artificial one during both LQM and FM [27,31].”
From The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks (2020) · cites this paper as [31]
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The Still Dark Side of the Moon: Molecular Mechanisms of Lunar-Controlled Rhythms and Clocks
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- Authors
- Brady, A. K., Snyder, K. A., & Vize, P. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Vize, Peter D.
- ORCID
- Vize, Peter D.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2011-09-19
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e25072
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3176305
- OpenAlex
- W1996282927
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Alberta Innovates
- National Institutes of Health
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01 HD45776, R01HD045776, P41HD064556)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Keywords
- circadian rhythm, diel gene expression, Acropora millepora, scleractinian corals, clock genes, cryptochrome, TIMELESS, cycle gene, eyes absent, light entrainment, constant darkness, coral larvae, zooxanthellae
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Biological Clocks, Circadian Rhythm, Darkness, Gene Expression Regulation, Light, RNA, Messenger, Biomarkers, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Gene Expression Profiling, Anthozoa, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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