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Cited by 190Multiple Sclerosis Research StudiesAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesCancer survivorship and care

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A Large-Scale Study of Anxiety and Depression in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Survey via the Web Portal of the UK MS Register

Open access
Jones, Kerina H., Ford, David V., Jones, Philip A., John, Ann, Middleton, Rodden M., Lockhart-Jones, Hazel, Osborne, Lisa A., Noble, J. Gareth·2012·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0041910PMC PMC3408498
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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Studies have found that people with Multiple Sclerosis experience relatively high rates of anxiety and depression. Although methodologically robust, many of these studies had access to only modest sample sizes (N<200). The aims of this study were to use responses gained via the web portal of the UK MS Register (N>4000) to: describe the depression and anxiety profiles of people with MS; to determine if anxiety and depression are related to age or disease duration; and to assess whether the levels of anxiety and depression differ between genders and types of MS. METHODS: From its launch in May 2011 to the end of December 2011, 7786 adults with MS enrolled to take part in the UK MS Register via the web portal. The responses to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were collated with basic demographic and descriptive MS data provided at registration and the resulting dataset was analysed in SPSS (v.16). RESULTS: The mean HADS score among the 4178 respondents was 15.7 (SE 0.117, SD 7.55) with a median of 15.0 (IQR 11). Anxiety and depression rates were notably high, with over half (54.1%) scoring ≥ 8 for anxiety and 46.9% scoring ≥ 8 for depression. Women with relapsing-remitting MS were more anxious than men with this type (p<0.001), and than women with other types of MS (p = 0.017). Within each gender, men and women with secondary progressive MS were more depressed than men or women with other types of MS (p<0.001, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This largest known study of its kind has shown that anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in people with MS, indicating that their mental health needs could be better addressed. These findings support service planning and further research to provide the best care for people with MS to help alleviate these debilitating conditions.

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Figure 1 Levels of anxiety in people with a depression score > = 8. The proportions of people with different levels of anxiety (normal, mild, moderate or severe) and who have a depression score of 8 or above (N = 1961).
Figure 1 Levels of anxiety in people with a depression score > = 8. The proportions of people with different levels of anxiety (normal, mild, moderate or severe) and who have a depression score of 8 or above (N = 1961).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Levels of depression in people with an anxiety score > = 8. The proportions of people with different levels of depression (normal, mild, moderate or severe) and who have an anxiety score of 8 or above (N = 2268).
Figure 2 Levels of depression in people with an anxiety score > = 8. The proportions of people with different levels of depression (normal, mild, moderate or severe) and who have an anxiety score of 8 or above (N = 2268).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Anxiety scores for men and women. The anxiety scores for men and women are indicated. It can be seen that the women’s scores are higher than men’s.
Figure 3 Anxiety scores for men and women. The anxiety scores for men and women are indicated. It can be seen that the women’s scores are higher than men’s.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 4 Depression scores for men and women. The depression scores for men and women are indicated. It can be seen that the men’s scores are higher than women’s.
Figure 4 Depression scores for men and women. The depression scores for men and women are indicated. It can be seen that the men’s scores are higher than women’s.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 5 Anxiety scores by MS type. The variations in anxiety scores by type of MS are shown.
Figure 5 Anxiety scores by MS type. The variations in anxiety scores by type of MS are shown.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 6 Depression scores by MS type. The variations in depression scores by type of MS are shown.
Figure 6 Depression scores by MS type. The variations in depression scores by type of MS are shown.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 7 Proportions of MS types among men. The various proportions of MS types reported by the male respondents are shown.
Figure 7 Proportions of MS types among men. The various proportions of MS types reported by the male respondents are shown.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 8 Proportions of MS types among women. The various proportions of MS types reported by the female respondents are shown.
Figure 8 Proportions of MS types among women. The various proportions of MS types reported by the female respondents are shown.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Jones, K. H., Ford, D. V., Jones, P. A., John, A., Middleton, R. M., Lockhart-Jones, H., Osborne, L. A., & Noble, J. G.
Affiliations
Swansea University (GB)
Corresponding author
Jones, Kerina H.
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2012-07-30
Volume
7
Issue
7
Pages
e41910
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0041910
PMC
PMC3408498
OpenAlex
W1964142942
Cited by
190
References
33
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 3
FWCI
11.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Multiple Sclerosis Society
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
Keywords
multiple sclerosis, anxiety, depression, prevalence, gender differences, relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, disease duration, age, mental health, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety, Depression, Female, United Kingdom, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Prevalence, Statistics, Nonparametric, Young Adult

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