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Cited by 96HIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsSuicide and Self-Harm StudiesMental Health Treatment and Access

Perceived Family Support, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation among People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

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Amiya, Rachel M., Poudel, Krishna C., Poudel-Tandukar, Kalpana, Pandey, Basu D., Jimba, Masamine·2014·PLoS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0090959PMC PMC3946241
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Depression and suicidal thinking occur frequently alongside HIV/AIDS, triggering profound detrimental impacts on quality of life, treatment adherence, disease progression, and mortality. Yet the psychosocial factors contributing to these psychiatric comorbidities remain underexplored, particularly in the developing country context. This study thus examined different dimensions of perceived family support in relation to depression and suicidal ideation among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Nepal. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 322 adult PLWHA residing in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal was conducted. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regressions for correlates of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-Ia-defined depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in the past 2 weeks. Perceived family support, measured using the 10-item Nepali Family Support and Difficulty Scale, was entered into separate models, in turn, as a composite score, for each sub-scale (emotional, instrumental, and negative support), and for each individual item. RESULTS: Overall, 25.5% of participants registered BDI-Ia-defined depression, with significantly lower rates among those with perceived family support scores in the highest (AOR = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.07, 0.55) and middle (AOR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.86) tertiles relative to those with lowest-tertile scores. Meanwhile, 14.0% reported suicidal thinking, with significantly lower rates among those in the highest perceived family support tertile relative to the lowest (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.07, 0.91). Broken down by support sub-scale, only negative support (i.e. family difficulty) was significant in its correlations with both outcomes - a trend similarly reflected in the item-wise analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight an important role for family support in determining experiences of depression and suicidality among PLWHA. Incorporating family counseling and support services - with special focus on ameliorating negative interaction and bolstering emotional support - into HIV care and treatment services may help to improve mental health along with overall wellness and treatment outcomes for HIV-positive populations in Nepal and similar settings.

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  • Amiya et al. (2014) reported that in a cross-sectional survey of 322 PLWH in Nepal, higher perceived family support was associated with an 81% reduction in odds of being depressed (AOR = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.07-0.55) and a 75% reduction in odds of having suicidal thoughts (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.07-0.91) compared with lower perceived family support.

    “In a cross-sectional survey of 322 PLWH in Nepal, participant with higher perceived family support experiences a reduction of 81% odds of being depressed (AOR = 0.19; 95% confidence intervals [CI] = 0.070.55) and a reduction of 75% odds of having suicidal thoughts (AOR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.07-0.91) compared to a participant with lower perceived family support (Amiya et al., 2014).”

    From Resilience resources for mental health among people living with HIV: a mixed-method systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as Amiya et al., 2014

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Authors
Amiya, R. M., Poudel, K. C., Poudel-Tandukar, K., Pandey, B. D., & Jimba, M.
Affiliations
  • The University of Tokyo (JP)
  • University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
Corresponding author
Amiya, Rachel M.
ORCID
Venue
PLoS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2014-03-06
Volume
9
Issue
3
Pages
e90959
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0090959
PMC
PMC3946241
OpenAlex
W1985688334
Cited by
96
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 4
FWCI
6.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst (University of Massachusetts Amherst) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst (University of Massachusetts Amherst) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Center for Global Health and Medicine (21A-2)
  • Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (21A-2, 22790581)
  • University of Tokyo
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22790581, 292008)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
perceived family support, depression, suicidal ideation, people living with HIV, emotional support, instrumental support, family counseling, Kathmandu Valley
MeSH terms
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Nepal, Social Class, Social Support, Logistic Models, Suicidal Ideation

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