Cited by 449Fatty Acid Research and HealthTreatment of Major DepressionTryptophan and brain disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 129 of the 130 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Open access

Grosso, Giuseppe, Pajak, Andrzej, Marventano, Stefano, Castellano, Sabrina, Galvano, Fabio, Bucolo, Claudio, Drago, Filippo, Caraci, Filippo·2014·PLoS ONE

DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096905PMC PMC4013121

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Despite omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplementation in depressed patients have been suggested to improve depressive symptomatology, previous findings are not univocal. OBJECTIVES: To conduct an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of omega-3 PUFA treatment of depressive disorders, taking into account the clinical differences among patients included in the studies. METHODS: A search on MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Database of RCTs using omega-3 PUFA on patients with depressive symptoms published up to August 2013 was performed. Standardized mean difference in clinical measure of depression severity was primary outcome. Type of omega-3 used (particularly eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]) and omega-3 as mono- or adjuvant therapy was also examined. Meta-regression analyses assessed the effects of study size, baseline depression severity, trial duration, dose of omega-3, and age of patients. RESULTS: Meta-analysis of 11 and 8 trials conducted respectively on patients with a DSM-defined diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and patients with depressive symptomatology but no diagnosis of MDD demonstrated significant clinical benefit of omega-3 PUFA treatment compared to placebo (standardized difference in random-effects model 0.56 SD [95% CI: 0.20, 0.92] and 0.22 SD [95% CI: 0.01, 0.43], respectively; pooled analysis was 0.38 SD [95% CI: 0.18, 0.59]). Use of mainly EPA within the preparation, rather than DHA, influenced final clinical efficacy. Significant clinical efficacy had the use of omega-3 PUFA as adjuvant rather than mono-therapy. No relation between efficacy and study size, baseline depression severity, trial duration, age of patients, and study quality was found. Omega-3 PUFA resulted effective in RCTs on patients with bipolar disorder, whereas no evidence was found for those exploring their efficacy on depressive symptoms in young populations, perinatal depression, primary disease other than depression and healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: The use of omega-3 PUFA is effective in patients with diagnosis of MDD and on depressive patients without diagnosis of MDD.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pone.0096905

Cites

129 of 129 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

2 retracted

RETRACTED: Evaluation of the effect of omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome: “A pilot trial”
Sohrabi, N., Kashanian, M., Ghafoori, S. S., & Malakouti, S. K. (2013) · Complementary Therapies in Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ctim.2012.12.008 · Cited by 41
Retracted
Whole-body synthesis secretion of docosahexaenoic acid from circulating eicosapentaenoic acid in unanesthetized rats
Gao, F., Kiesewetter, D. O., Chang, L., Ma, K., Rapoport, S. I., & Igarashi, M. (2009) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m900223-jlr200 · Cited by 26
Retracted
Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
Higgins, J. P. T., Thompson, S. G., Deeks, J. J., & Altman, D. G. (2003) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557 · Cited by 63,139
An inventory for measuring depression
BECK, A. T. (1961) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1961.01710120031004 · Cited by 38,032
Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis
Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1186 · Cited by 36,763
A rating scale for depression
Hamilton, M. (1960) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.23.1.56 · Cited by 32,817
Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary?
Jadad, A. R., Moore, R. A., Carroll, D., Jenkinson, C., Reynolds, D. J. M., Gavaghan, D. J., & McQuay, H. J. (1996) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(95)00134-4 · Cited by 17,582
A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change
Montgomery, S. A., & Åsberg, M. (1979) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.134.4.382 · Cited by 13,962
Development of a Rating Scale for Primary Depressive Illness
Hamilton, M. (1967) · British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8260.1967.tb00530.x · Cited by 8,410
n−3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, inflammation, and inflammatory diseases
Calder, P. C. (2006) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/83.6.1505s · Cited by 2,525

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 130 references

1 of the 130 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Items 301–400 of 448

Effect of antenatal omega-3 supplementation on maternal depressive symptoms from pregnancy to 6 months postpartum: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
de Sousa, T. M., & dos Santos, L. C. (2022) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/1028415x.2022.2068877 · Cited by 6
Antiinflammatory Diet
Kohatsu, W., & Karpowicz, S. (2017) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-35868-2.00088-8 · Cited by 6
Effect of ammonia blending on the emission behavior of NOx during coal combustion: A global meta-analysis
Liu, H., Zhang, H., Wang, C., Si, T., Zou, C., & Xu, L. (2025) · Journal of the Energy Institute · doi:10.1016/j.joei.2025.102182 · Cited by 5
Association of healthy eating index (2015) with depression and anxiety symptoms among Iranian adolescent girls
Ghanbarzadeh, E., Motlagh, A. D., & Abbasi, B. (2024) · Journal of Health Population and Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s41043-024-00529-z · Cited by 8
Omega-3 Index and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Cross-Sectional Study
Tittus, J., Huber, M. T., Storck, K., Köhler, A., Köhler, J. M., von Arnim, T., & von Schacky, C. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.6754 · Cited by 5
POSITIVE PSYCHIATRY, POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY AND MINDFULNESS: A COMMON VIEW
Marques, I. A., Balreira, M. L., & Temótio, J. (2018) · Psicologia Saúde & Doenças · doi:10.15309/18psd190215 · Cited by 5
New Insights into Depressive Disorder with Respect to Low-Grade Inflammation and Fish Oil Intake
Tung, T.-H., Nguyen, N. T. K., & Huang, S. (2021) · Journal of Oleo Science · doi:10.5650/jos.ess21209 · Cited by 5
Personalized Medicine
Foster, S. L., Petrie, S. R., Mischoulon, D., & D, M. F. M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97241-1_8 · Cited by 6
Behavioural disruption in diabetic mice: Neurobiological correlates and influences of dietary α-linolenic acid
Griffith, T. A., Russell, J. S., Naghipour, S., Helman, T. J., Peart, J. N., Stapelberg, N. J. C., Headrick, J. P., & Toit, E. F. D. (2022) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121137 · Cited by 5
Nutritional interventions for the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders such as anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and schizophrenia
Madireddy, S., & Madireddy, S. (2022) · Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Disorders · doi:10.29328/journal.jnnd.1001070 · Cited by 5
Altered serum fatty acid composition in geriatric depression
Marx, I., Alexopoulos, P., Irmisch, G., Topalidis, S., Syrgiannis, Z., Herpertz, S. C., & Cohrs, S. (2015) · Journal of Neural Transmission · doi:10.1007/s00702-015-1466-5 · Cited by 5
Marine n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation and Quality of Life After Kidney Transplant
Aasebø, W., Svensson, M. H. S., Jenssen, T. G., & Eide, I. A. (2019) · Transplantation Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.01.067 · Cited by 5
ω-3 Fatty Acids in Pediatric Major Depressive Disorder
Berger, G. E., Häberling, I. S., Emery, S., Albermann, M., Baumgartner, N., Nalani, K., Strumberger, M. A., Wöckel, L., Erb, S., Bachmann, S., et al. (2026) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.48703 · Cited by 4
Omega-3 fatty acids in mental disorders: from neurobiological and metabolic mechanisms to therapeutic potential
Fleig, K., Haslinger, L., Dawczynski, C., & Kolassa, I. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1748196 · Cited by 5
Alternative Origins for Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Diet
Lenihan-Geels, G. N., & Bishop, K. S. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-84200-9_4 · Cited by 5
Comparative Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acid with Other Interventions for Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Lam, C., Han, L., McIntyre, R. S., Teopiz, K. M., & Cao, B. (2024) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2024.0017 · Cited by 6
Dietary Protocols to Maximize Disease Reversal and Long-Term Safety
Fuhrman, J. (2015) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827615580971 · Cited by 4
There is No Association Between the Omega-3 Index and Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Heart Disease Who Are Low Fish Consumers
Cai, S., Coates, A. M., Buckley, J. D., Berry, N., Burres, L., Beltrame, J. F., Howe, P. R. C., & Schrader, G. D. (2016) · Heart Lung and Circulation · doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2016.07.003 · Cited by 7
Influence of Diet and Food Components on Mental Health
Moreno-Campuzano, S., Ontiveros-Torres, A. C., Pacheco‐Herrero, M., Hernándes‐Alejandro, M., Bonilla‐Delgado, J., Luna‐Muñoz, J., & Ontiveros‐Torres, M. Á. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-100596-5.22896-5 · Cited by 5
Blood Plasma Lipid Alterations Differentiating Psychotic and Affective Disorder Patients
Golubova, A., Stekolshchikova, E., Гареева, А. Э., Akhmerova, I. Y., Тимербулатов, И. Ф., Zakurazhnaya, V., Riabinina, D., Reznik, A. M., Morozova, A. Y., Andreyuk, D., et al. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15091296 · Cited by 3
The association between plasma omega-3 fatty acids and suicidal ideation/self-harm in the United Kingdom Biobank
Franco, W. G., Tintle, N., Westra, J., O’Keefe, E. L., O’Keefe, J. H., & Harris, W. S. (2025) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02689-1 · Cited by 4
Matrix Extension with Fitness for Purpose and Stability Assessment of DHA and Additional Fatty Acids in Individual Whole Chicken Eggs
Dillon, G. P., Yiannikouris, A., Brandl, W., Cardinall, C., Yuan, W., & Moran, C. A. (2019) · Food and Nutrition Sciences · doi:10.4236/fns.2019.105038 · Cited by 3
Food habits and associated risk factors of depressed patients with cardiovascular disease
Aljuhani, H. E., Alshammari, G. M., AlHadi, A. N., Alabdulkarem, K. B., Albader, O. S. M., Baig, M. B., & Yahya, M. A. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0263519 · Cited by 4
Role of n-3 (Omega-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Postpartum Depression: Mechanisms and Implications for Prevention and Treatment
Levant, B. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_22 · Cited by 4
Treatments for depression: Side-effects, adverse events and health risks
Kirsch, I., Ness, A., & Appleton, K. M. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.018 · Cited by 3
Role of Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Cognitive and Emotional Development
McNamara, R. K., & Valentine, C. J. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b18563-11 · Cited by 3
Complementary and Alternative Therapies for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Clinical Perspective
Yoon, R. S. Y., Ravindran, N., & Ravindran, A. V. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70311-4_12 · Cited by 3
Analytical Method Assessment for the Determination of DHA and Fatty Acids Present in Unextracted Aurantiochytrium limacinum Biomass
Dillon, G. P., Yiannikouris, A., Brandl, W., Cardinall, C., Yuan, W., & Moran, C. A. (2019) · Food and Nutrition Sciences · doi:10.4236/fns.2019.104035 · Cited by 3
18 Nutrition and Mental Health
Galil, N., & Hedaya, R. (2017) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315100913-19 · Cited by 3
Omega-3 supplements in the prevention and treatment of youth depression and anxiety: A scoping reviewPreprint
Reily, N. M., Tang, S., Negrone, A., Gan, D. Z. Q., Sheanoda, V., & Christensen, H. M. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.06.26.22276840 · Cited by 3
Plasma Phospholipid Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Associations with Neurocognition
Ling, J., Keilp, J. G., Galfalvy, H., Cardino, V. N., Ahmed, A., Burke, A. K., Fenton, J. I., Mann, J. J., & Sublette, M. E. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15214542 · Cited by 2
Dose-response association between the intake of various subtypes of polyunsaturated fatty acids and depression.
Qiu, F.-P., Mai, S., Li, J.-H., Cao, Y., Wen, W.-X., Li, L.-X., Huang, X.-H., & Huang, Y.-L. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.03.140 · Cited by 2
Nutrient deficiencies in patients with psychiatric disorders – investigating how low levels of omega-3s, B vitamins and magnesium affect mental health conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder
Paul, L. T. D., Das, P. K., Aushe, K. J., Rahaman, A. T., & Nizamuddin, H. M. (2025) · International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences · doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20253135 · Cited by 2
Sex differences in nutritional psychiatry: Are omega-3 fatty acids more effective in women with MDD?
Smolensky, I. V., Inta, D., Su, K. P., & Marx, W. (2025) · Nutritional Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.nupsyc.2025.100003 · Cited by 2
Aquatic neurology
Wood, R., Soleimani, B., O'Toole, B., Russell, A. R., & Turner, M. R. (2026) · Practical Neurology · doi:10.1136/pn-2025-004933 · Cited by 2
The role of sphingolipids in major depressive disorder and associated cognitive impairment: interactions with monoaminergic signaling, neuroinflammation, and neurogenesis
Hoertel, N., Mühle, C., MÜLLER, C. P., Chaieb, H., Scheer, V., Fayad, M., Rico, M. S., Limosin, F., & Kornhuber, J. (2026) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-026-03649-6 · Cited by 2
Adherence to the MIND (Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay) diet and depression, stress, and anxiety: a systematic review
Golmohammadi, M., Kabiri, S. S., Sadeghi, F., Jam, S. A. M., Nachvak, S. M., & Attari, V. E. (2026) · BMC Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s40795-026-01305-4 · Cited by 2
Associations between Proportion of Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acids, Depressive Symptoms and Major Depressive Disorder. Cross-Sectional Analyses from the AGES Reykjavik Study
Imai, C. M., Halldorsson, T. I., Aspelund, T., Eiríksdóttir, G., Launer, L. J., Þórsdóttir, I., Harris, T. B., Gudnason, V. G., Brouwer, I. A., & Gunnarsdóttir, I. (2017) · The journal of nutrition health & aging · doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0929-9 · Cited by 2
Nonesterified Fatty Acids and Depression in Cancer Patients and Caregivers
McCusker, M., Bazinet, R. P., Metherel, A. H., Klein, R. Y., Kundra, A., Haibe‐Kains, B., & Li, M. (2020) · Current Developments in Nutrition · doi:10.1093/cdn/nzaa156 · Cited by 2
Omega-3 PUFAs’ efficacy in the therapy of coronary artery disease combined with anxiety or depression: a meta-analysis
Gui, Y., He, D., Li, J., & Zhao, H. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1368007 · Cited by 3
Nutraceuticals of Natural Origin and Their Significance in Modern Medicine
Sikarwar, M. S., & Rathi, V. K. (2024) · Interdisciplinary biotechnological advances · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-4600-2_12 · Cited by 2
Effect of Biomass/Sludge Blending on the Emission Behavior of Heavy Metals during Coal Combustion: A Global Meta-analysis
Liu, H., Zhang, H., Wang, C., Hu, H., Gong, Y., Xiong, J., Zou, C., Wang, P., & Xu, L. (2024) · Energy & Fuels · doi:10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c04509 · Cited by 2
Integrated lipidomic analysis (gas chromatography and LC-MS/MS) of Aberdeen Angus beef in different grass-fed production systems: A case study
Velásquez, C., Martínez, A., Díaz, R., Beltrán, J. F., Hernández, G., Maggiolino, A., Pérez, I., Cancino, D., Sepúlveda, N., & Quiñones, J. (2025) · Journal of Food Composition and Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2025.108271 · Cited by 2
Neuronutrition in the perspective of the prevention and treatment of depressive disorder / Neuronutrição na perspectiva da prevenção e tratamento da desordem depressiva
Guedes, M. D. O., & Matias, A. G. C. (2021) · Brazilian Journal of Health Review · doi:10.34119/bjhrv4n3-217 · Cited by 2
Role of Omega-3 Unsaturated Fatty Acids in the Postpartum Depression: Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis
Mougharbel, F., & Deonandan, R. (2016) · Global Journal of Health Science · doi:10.5539/gjhs.v9n3p304 · Cited by 2
Role of Dietary Fatty Acids in Mood Disorders
McNamara, R. K. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-63067-036-8.00014-7 · Cited by 2
Complementary and Alternative Therapies
Glanzman, M. M., & Toomey, M. (2016) · Evidence-based practices in behavioral health · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-26583-4_10 · Cited by 2
A Role for the Regulation of the Melatonergic Pathways in Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Conditions
Anderson, G., & Maes, M. H. J. (2016) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315369334-42 · Cited by 2
Current evidence linking nutrition with brain health in ageing
Moore, K., O'Shea, M., Hughes, C., Hoey, L., Ward, M., & McNulty, H. (2017) · Nutrition Bulletin · doi:10.1111/nbu.12250 · Cited by 2
A controlled study of plasma fatty acids in Indian patients with depressive episode
Patra, B. N., Khandelwal, S. K., Chadda, R. K., Ramakrishnan, L., & Abraham, R. A. (2017) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2017.12.006 · Cited by 2
Vegetarian diet as a risk factor for depression
Asanova, A. (2017) · Psychosomatic Medicine and General Practice · Cited by 2
Supplements and Natural Remedies for Depression
Mischoulon, D., & Iovieno, N. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-97241-1_15 · Cited by 3
An observational study of acupuncture and complementary treatments for major depression: Case series from a preliminary study of proposed collaborative care model
Tamayo, S. M., Wei, T.-H., Chen, L.-Y., Ho, W., Ton, G., & Lee, Y. (2022) · Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.03.002 · Cited by 2
O estudo do eixo intestino-cérebro e sua influência em doenças neurodegenerativas - uma revisão de literatura
da Fonseca, E. N., Piedade, A. B. T., & da Silva, M. C. (2022) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i16.38185 · Cited by 4
Gemarikan and Fishery Product Diversification Training As Effort Of Reduce Stunting Prevalence
Detriani, H., Khairi, I., Rizal, M., Zuriat, Z., Hamidi, H., Zuraidah, S., Syahputra, F., Hermi, R., Ukhty, N., Rozi, A., et al. (2023) · Eumpang Breuh Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat · doi:10.33059/ebjpm.v2i2.8870 · Cited by 2
Understanding the Association Between Nutrition and Depression by Assessing Diet Quality, Omega-3, Cholesterol, and Sleep Quality in College Students
Abramson, K. H. (2017) · doi:10.30707/etd2017.abramson.k · Cited by 2
Investigating the antinociceptive effects of N-docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine and novel kappa opioid receptor agonists
Paton, K. F. (2018) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17134067 · Cited by 1
Association between prudent diet, sweet food consumption, and the risk of stress, anxiety, and depression among Indonesian students
Mayasari, N. R., Shofia, N. M., Sholihah, L. A., Ruhana, A., & Dini, C. Y. (2025) · BIO Web of Conferences · doi:10.1051/bioconf/202515302012 · Cited by 1
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Mood Disorders: A Critical Narrative Review
Lastretti, M., Campedelli, L., Scarparo, T., Spagna, S., Cicoli, A., Faa, G., & D’Aleo, E. (2026) · Lipidology · doi:10.3390/lipidology3010002 · Cited by 1
Influence of omega-3 fatty acids on post-traumatic stress disorder: prospective cohort study and Mendelian randomisation findings
Chen, M., Huang, H., Liu, Y., Hou, C., & Chen, S. (2026) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008066.2025.2605801 · Cited by 1
Nourishing Mind and Brain
Flaskerud, J. H. (2015) · Issues in Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.3109/01612840.2014.994691 · Cited by 1
Perils of Pragmatic Psychiatry: How We Can Do Better
Koola, M. M. (2016) · Psychiatry Depression & Anxiety · doi:10.24966/pda-0150/100002 · Cited by 1
Nutrition and Mental Health
Galil, N., & Hedaya, R. (2017) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b22342-18 · Cited by 1
Eating habits and the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with recurrent depressive disorders
Stefańska, E., Wendołowicz, A., Cwalina, U., Konarzewska, B., Waszkiewicz, N., & Ostrowska, L. (2016) · Psychiatria Polska · doi:10.12740/pp/62682 · Cited by 1
Prehrana in prehranska dopolnila v psihiatriji
Ilješ, A. P. (2018) · Slovenian Medical Journal · doi:10.6016/zdravvestn.2484 · Cited by 1
Does Socioeconomic Development Explain the Association Between Seafood Consumption and Cross-National Homicide?
Testa, A. M., Santos, M. R., & Weiss, D. B. (2018) · Homicide Studies · doi:10.1177/1088767918760374 · Cited by 1
Can Kampo and Dietary Supplement Address Unmet Need? – A Commentary on Tatsumi et al. and Hoffmann et al.
Tsuboi, T. (2019) · Pharmacopsychiatry · doi:10.1055/a-0902-5145 · Cited by 1
Intervention research on therapies that aim to treat depression and cardiovascular disease
Cavanagh, C. E., Gaffey, A. E., Rosman, L., & Burg, M. M. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815015-3.00004-0 · Cited by 1
Lipids in human health: Importance of n-3 long-chain and CLA
Popova, T. L., Lorenzo, J. M., Franco, D., & López‐Pedrouso, M. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823371-9.00001-0 · Cited by 1
Lipids and mental health
Chen, D. T.-L., Chen, J., Chang, J. P., & Su, K. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823914-8.00021-5 · Cited by 1
Nutrition and Mental Health
Deif, R., & LAWLOR, B. A. (2022) · Nutritional neurosciences · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-9205-5_5 · Cited by 2
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effects of Chromolaena Odorata Extracts on Microbial Isolates
Osuala, O. J., Romanus, K. K., Ikem, C. J., Enemchukwu, M. C., Chukwuma, C. C., Ezemba, C. C., & Ezemba, A. S. (2023) · Bioequivalence & Bioavailability International Journal · doi:10.23880/beba-16000219 · Cited by 1
Neuroprotection induced by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: focus on neuropsychiatric disorders
Bujtor, M., Su, K., & Borsini, A. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-23763-8.00048-8 · Cited by 1
The Potential Impact of Climate Change on Neural Health and The Development of Neurodegenerative Disorders.
Umar, M. A., Salibi, G., & Tzenios, N. (2024) · Special journal of the Medical Academy and other Life Sciences · doi:10.58676/sjmas.v2i2.53 · Cited by 2
Chapter 9. Augmentation Strategies for Treatment-Resistant Disorders
(2024) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9798894551289.cd09 · Cited by 1
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Resolution of Inflammation
Saito, G., & Zapata, R. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.88297 · Cited by 1
Probiotic Supplementation in Major Depressive Disorders
Shukla, R., Handa, M., & Kumar, A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-6760-2_7 · Cited by 1
Novel Marine-Derived Natural Products for the Treatment of Depressive Disorder
Kamala, K., Sivaperumal, P., Dharani, G., Ramachandran, S., & Ganapathy, D. (2022) · Nutritional neurosciences · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-8158-5_13 · Cited by 1
Augmentation Strategies for Treatment-Resistant Disorders
(2019) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615372300.as09 · Cited by 1
The Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Intracellular Inositol Levels in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
Lee, J. (2016) · doi:10.32597/honors/138/ · Cited by 1
Specific ratios of macronutrient intake may help reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in people aged 55 years and older in northern ChinaPreprint
Gao, X., Zhou, Y., Huang, X., Sun, Y., Zhu, H., Zhou, M., Li, Q., Zhang, L., Lv, S., Ge, J., et al. (2022) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1941089/v1 · Cited by 1
Prise en charge médicamenteuse de la dépression bipolaire (recommandations internationales)
Jaffré, C., Vinckier, F., & Henry, C. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-77180-4.00046-9
A narrative review of the efficacy of DHA for treatment of major depressive disorder and treatment and prevention of postnatal depression
Rinaudo, L., & Hopwood, M. (2015) · Advances in Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.aimed.2015.02.004
Better Adherence, Better Outcome: Differences in Depressed Participants’ Adherence to Elements of the Therapeutic Lifestyle Change Protocol
Fowler, C. H. (2015) · KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas)
Dietary fats and mood disorders – translating research into practice
McNamara, R. K. (2015) · Lipid Technology · doi:10.1002/lite.201500057
Cytokines and Related Metabolic Markers in Adult Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Possible Roles in Clinical Application
Myint, A.-M., & Schwarz, M. (2015) · Current topics in neurotoxicity · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13602-8_10
Składniki żywności a aktywność psychofizyczna człowieka
Czernecki, T. (2015) · PRZEMYSŁ SPOŻYWCZY · doi:10.15199/65.2016.2.7
Neuroinflammation and Psychiatric Illness
Song, H. R., Lee, H. Y., Shim, S. H., & Kwon, Y. (2016) · Saengmul jeongsin euihag/Saengmul jeongsin uihak
Essential Fats and Amino Acids in Depression
Bernstein, B. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b19089-11
Metabolic-Inflammation Aspects of Depression and Cardiovascular Disease
Rosenblat, J. D., Kakar, R., & McIntyre, R. S. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32480-7_14
25. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid potential for post-traumatic stress and depression
Matsuoka, Y., Hamazaki, K., & Nishi, D. (2015) · Wageningen Academic Publishers eBooks · doi:10.3920/978-90-8686-806-3_25
Dietary Peptides and the Spectrum of Food Hypersensitivities
Gariépy, C. (2015) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b19089-16
Ernährung und Depression: Die MooDFOOD Präventions-Studie
Kohls, E., Dogan-Sander, E., & Hegerl, U. (2016) · Public Health Forum · doi:10.1515/pubhef-2016-0069
Ácidos grasos omega-3 y depresión: una revisión sistemática
García, J. C., Ojea, E. T., Treviño, L. J., & Fernández, S. S. (2016) · Psiquiatría Biológica · doi:10.1016/j.psiq.2016.12.001 · Cited by 4
Challenging Case in Clinical Practice: Multi-Modal Non-Pharmacologic Approach to Mood and Anxiety Disorders
Aucoin, M. (2016) · Alternative and Complementary Therapies · doi:10.1089/act.2016.29091.mau
The Relationship Between Markers of Oxidative Stress and Depressive Symptoms in Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Adibfar, A. (2016) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Dried Blood Spot Fatty Acid Quantitation: Developing Methods for Determining Unknown Volumes, Identifying Contaminants and Assessing Fatty Acid Stability During Storage
Gunash, & Jan (2018)
Naturheilkundliche Behandlung der Erschöpfung
Biallowons, R. (2018) · Erfahrungsheilkunde · doi:10.1055/a-0575-7827
Psychiatric Assessment and Co-Occurring Disorders
Modir, S. J., & TSUANG, J. W. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780190275334.003.0012
Fish Oil Supplementation for Depression
McNamara, R. K., Almeida, D. M., & Strawn, J. R. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811297-7.00029-9

Authors: Grosso, G., Pajak, A., Marventano, S., Castellano, S., Galvano, F., Bucolo, C., Drago, F., & Caraci, F.
Affiliations: University of Catania (IT)
Corresponding author: Grosso, Giuseppe
ORCID: Grosso, Giuseppe
Marventano, Stefano
Castellano, Sabrina
Galvano, Fabio
Bucolo, Claudio
Drago, Filippo
Caraci, Filippo
Venue: PLoS ONE
Publisher: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published: 2014-05-07
Volume: 9
Issue: 5
Pages: e96905
ISSN: 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096905
PMC: PMC4013121
OpenAlex: W2047790936
Cited by: 449
References: 130
Citations by year: 2026: 15 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 8
FWCI: 6.30
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (unspecified)
Locations: PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Homo Politicus (Academy of Humanities and Economics in Lodz) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Homo Politicus (Academy of Humanities and Economics in Lodz) (submittedVersion)
Jagiellonian University Repository (Jagiellonian University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords: omega-3 fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, depression, major depressive disorder, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, omega-3 supplementation, adjuvant therapy, bipolar disorder, perinatal depression, young adults, depression severity
MeSH terms: Depressive Disorder, Docosahexaenoic Acids, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, MEDLINE, Dietary Supplements

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Treatment of Depressive Disorders: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks