CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 268Gut microbiota and healthGastrointestinal motility and disordersProbiotics and Fermented Foods

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 60 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Effect of Diet and Exercise on Intestinal Integrity and Microbial Diversity in Mice

Open access
Campbell, Sara C., Wisniewski, Paul J., Noji, Michael, McGuinness, Lora R., Häggblom, Max M., Lightfoot, Stanley A., Joseph, Laurie B., Kerkhof, Lee J.·2016·PLOS ONE
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0150502PMC PMC4783017
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The gut microbiota is now known to play an important role contributing to inflammatory-based chronic diseases. This study examined intestinal integrity/inflammation and the gut microbial communities in sedentary and exercising mice presented with a normal or high-fat diet. METHODS: Thirty-six, 6-week old C57BL/6NTac male mice were fed a normal or high-fat diet for 12-weeks and randomly assigned to exercise or sedentary groups. After 12 weeks animals were sacrificed and duodenum/ileum tissues were fixed for immunohistochemistry for occludin, E-cadherin, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The bacterial communities were assayed in fecal samples using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) analysis and pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons. RESULTS: Lean sedentary (LS) mice presented normal histologic villi while obese sedentary (OS) mice had similar villi height with more than twice the width of the LS animals. Both lean (LX) and obese exercise (OX) mice duodenum and ileum were histologically normal. COX-2 expression was the greatest in the OS group, followed by LS, LX and OX. The TRFLP and pyrosequencing indicated that members of the Clostridiales order were predominant in all diet groups. Specific phylotypes were observed with exercise, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzi, Clostridium spp., and Allobaculum spp. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that exercise has a strong influence on gut integrity and host microbiome which points to the necessity for more mechanistic studies of the interactions between specific bacteria in the gut and its host.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1371/journal.pone.0150502

Cites

60 of 60 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Fig 1 The Effects of Exercise on Duodenal Morphology. Widening in obese sedentary compared to lean sedentary animal (black arrows) due to: increase in inflammatory cells, plasmacystoid and lymphoid cells (red arrow); and infiltration of fat cells (yellow arrow). Exercise appears to protect the villi from widening. Obese exercise villi contain wider lumen (asterisk) and are devoid of fat cell infiltrate. Lean Sedentary (A), Obese Sedentary (B), Lean Exercise (C), Obese Exercise (D).
Fig 1 The Effects of Exercise on Duodenal Morphology. Widening in obese sedentary compared to lean sedentary animal (black arrows) due to: increase in inflammatory cells, plasmacystoid and lymphoid cells (red arrow); and infiltration of fat cells (yellow arrow). Exercise appears to protect the villi from widening. Obese exercise villi contain wider lumen (asterisk) and are devoid of fat cell infiltrate. Lean Sedentary (A), Obese Sedentary (B), Lean Exercise (C), Obese Exercise (D).CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig 2 The Effects of Exercise on Occludin Expression in Ileum. Sections prepared after 12 weeks of treatment lean sedentary (A), obese sedentary (B), lean exercise (C), obese exercise (D),were stained with anti-occludin antibody. Binding was visualized using a Vectastain Elite ABC kit (original magnification x 400). One representative section from 6 mice/treatment group is shown.
Fig 2 The Effects of Exercise on Occludin Expression in Ileum. Sections prepared after 12 weeks of treatment lean sedentary (A), obese sedentary (B), lean exercise (C), obese exercise (D),were stained with anti-occludin antibody. Binding was visualized using a Vectastain Elite ABC kit (original magnification x 400). One representative section from 6 mice/treatment group is shown.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig 3 The Effects of Exercise on E-cadherin Expression in Ileum. Sections prepared after 12 weeks of treatment lean sedentary (A), obese sedentary (B), lean exercise (C), obese exercise (D),were stained with anti-E-cadherin antibody. Binding was visualized using a Vectastain Elite ABC kit (original magnification x 400). One representative section from 6 mice/treatment group is shown.
Fig 3 The Effects of Exercise on E-cadherin Expression in Ileum. Sections prepared after 12 weeks of treatment lean sedentary (A), obese sedentary (B), lean exercise (C), obese exercise (D),were stained with anti-E-cadherin antibody. Binding was visualized using a Vectastain Elite ABC kit (original magnification x 400). One representative section from 6 mice/treatment group is shown.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig 4 The Effects of Exercise on COX-2 Expression in Duodenum. Duodenal (a) and Ileal (b) sections prepared after 12 weeks of treatment lean sedentary (A), obese sedentary (B), lean exercise (C), obese exercise (D),were stained with anti-COX-2 antibody. Binding was visualized using a Vectastain Elite ABC kit (original magnification x 400). One representative section from 6 mice/treatment group is shown.
Fig 4 The Effects of Exercise on COX-2 Expression in Duodenum. Duodenal (a) and Ileal (b) sections prepared after 12 weeks of treatment lean sedentary (A), obese sedentary (B), lean exercise (C), obese exercise (D),were stained with anti-COX-2 antibody. Binding was visualized using a Vectastain Elite ABC kit (original magnification x 400). One representative section from 6 mice/treatment group is shown.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig 5 Heat Map. Heat map of average peak area within TRFLP profiles of fecal pellet bacterial community grouped by treatment (L, lean diet; O, high fat diet; S, sedentary; X, exercise). The major peaks in the lean exercise treatment are indicated.
Fig 5 Heat Map. Heat map of average peak area within TRFLP profiles of fecal pellet bacterial community grouped by treatment (L, lean diet; O, high fat diet; S, sedentary; X, exercise). The major peaks in the lean exercise treatment are indicated.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig 6 Phylogenetic Tree. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree from TRFLP/clones and pyrosequencing based on 379 unambiguously aligned bases. Color coding for the experimental treatments is indicated.
Fig 6 Phylogenetic Tree. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree from TRFLP/clones and pyrosequencing based on 379 unambiguously aligned bases. Color coding for the experimental treatments is indicated.CC BY · PubMed Central
Fig 7 Experimental Results Summary. Impacts of high-fat diet (HFD) and exercise on intestinal tissue, microbiome and systemic biomarkers. Results indicate exercise can protect intestinal morphology in the presence of a HFD, promote a diverse microbiome that has microbes that promote intestinal health and reduce systemic inflammation while promoting satiety.
Fig 7 Experimental Results Summary. Impacts of high-fat diet (HFD) and exercise on intestinal tissue, microbiome and systemic biomarkers. Results indicate exercise can protect intestinal morphology in the presence of a HFD, promote a diverse microbiome that has microbes that promote intestinal health and reduce systemic inflammation while promoting satiety.CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 60 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. WH Martin, 1993, Effect of endurance training on plasma FFA turnover and oxidation during exercise, Am. J. Physiol, 265, E708

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 268

Related

Metadata

Authors
Campbell, S. C., Wisniewski, P. J., Noji, M., McGuinness, L. R., Häggblom, M. M., Lightfoot, S. A., Joseph, L. B., & Kerkhof, L. J.
Affiliations
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US)
Corresponding author
Campbell, Sara C.
ORCID
Venue
PLOS ONE
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Published
2016-03-08
Volume
11
Issue
3
Pages
e0150502
ISSN
1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0150502
PMC
PMC4783017
OpenAlex
W2295140408
Cited by
268
References
60
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 8
FWCI
12.99
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U54AR055073)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Keywords
gut microbiota, high-fat diet, physical activity, intestinal integrity, intestinal inflammation, cyclooxygenase-2, occludin, E-cadherin, villus morphology, Clostridiales, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Clostridium, Allobaculum, obesity, sedentary behavior, host-microbe interactions
MeSH terms
Animals, Animal Feed, Bacteria, Body Weight, Feces, Intestines, Male, Phylogeny, Physical Conditioning, Animal, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Biomarkers, Cadherins, Biodiversity, Mice, Metagenome, Occludin, Microbiota

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review