The DOI matches its Crossref record; 89 of the 91 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pain and Laboratory Animals: Publication Practices for Better Data Reproducibility and Better Animal Welfare
Open accessAbstract
Scientists who perform major survival surgery on laboratory animals face a dual welfare and methodological challenge: how to choose surgical anesthetics and post-operative analgesics that will best control animal suffering, knowing that both pain and the drugs that manage pain can all affect research outcomes. Scientists who publish full descriptions of animal procedures allow critical and systematic reviews of data, demonstrate their adherence to animal welfare norms, and guide other scientists on how to conduct their own studies in the field. We investigated what information on animal pain management a reasonably diligent scientist might find in planning for a successful experiment. To explore how scientists in a range of fields describe their management of this ethical and methodological concern, we scored 400 scientific articles that included major animal survival surgeries as part of their experimental methods, for the completeness of information on anesthesia and analgesia. The 400 articles (250 accepted for publication pre-2011, and 150 in 2014-15, along with 174 articles they reference) included thoracotomies, craniotomies, gonadectomies, organ transplants, peripheral nerve injuries, spinal laminectomies and orthopedic procedures in dogs, primates, swine, mice, rats and other rodents. We scored articles for Publication Completeness (PC), which was any mention of use of anesthetics or analgesics; Analgesia Use (AU) which was any use of post-surgical analgesics, and Analgesia Completeness (a composite score comprising intra-operative analgesia, extended post-surgical analgesia, and use of multimodal analgesia). 338 of 400 articles were PC. 98 of these 338 were AU, with some mention of analgesia, while 240 of 338 mentioned anesthesia only but not post-surgical analgesia. Journals' caliber, as measured by their 2013 Impact Factor, had no effect on PC or AU. We found no effect of whether a journal instructs authors to consult the ARRIVE publishing guidelines published in 2010 on PC or AC for the 150 mouse and rat articles in our 2014-15 dataset. None of the 302 articles that were silent about analgesic use included an explicit statement that analgesics were withheld, or a discussion of how pain management or untreated pain might affect results. We conclude that current scientific literature cannot be trusted to present full detail on use of animal anesthetics and analgesics. We report that publication guidelines focus more on other potential sources of bias in experimental results, under-appreciate the potential for pain and pain drugs to skew data, and thus mostly treat pain management as solely an animal welfare concern, in the jurisdiction of animal care and use committees. At the same time, animal welfare regulations do not include guidance on publishing animal data, even though publication is an integral part of the cycle of research and can affect the welfare of animals in studies building on published work, leaving it to journals and authors to voluntarily decide what details of animal use to publish. We suggest that journals, scientists and animal welfare regulators should revise current guidelines and regulations, on treatment of pain and on transparent reporting of treatment of pain, to improve this dual welfare and data-quality deficiency.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Underreporting of welfare management procedures contributes to the perpetuation of noncompliant methodologies and insufficient or inappropriate use of analgesia [213] or other welfare measures.”
From Reporting animal research: Explanation and elaboration for the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0 (2020) · cites this paper as [213]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Untreated pain can affect the animals’ biology and add variability to the experiment; however, specific pain management procedures can also introduce variability, affecting experimental data [212,213].”
From Reporting animal research: Explanation and elaboration for the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0 (2020) · cites this paper as [213]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Untreated pain can affect the animals’ biology and add variability to the experiment; however, specific pain management procedures can also introduce variability, affecting experimental data [212,213].”
From Reporting animal research: Explanation and elaboration for the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0 (2020) · cites this paper as [213]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals: Eighth Edition
(2011) · doi:10.17226/12910 · Cited by 16,199
Improving Bioscience Research Reporting: The ARRIVE Guidelines for Reporting Animal Research
Kilkenny, C., Browne, W. J., Cuthill, I. C., Emerson, M., & Altman, D. G. (2010) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000412 · Cited by 7,300
Improving bioscience research reporting: The ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research
Kilkenny, C., Browne, W. J., Cuthill, I. C., Emerson, M., & Altman, D. G. (2010) · Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics · doi:10.4103/0976-500x.72351 · Cited by 6,277
The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique
(1960) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1960.tb73127.x · Cited by 5,045
Spared nerve injury: an animal model of persistent peripheral neuropathic pain
Décosterd, I., & Woolf, C. J. (2000) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00276-1 · Cited by 2,317
Can Animal Models of Disease Reliably Inform Human Studies?
van der Worp, H. B., Howells, D. W., Sena, E. S., Porritt, M. J., Rewell, S., O'Collins, V., & Macleod, M. R. (2010) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000245 · Cited by 1,354
A call for transparent reporting to optimize the predictive value of preclinical research
Landis, S. C., Amara, S. G., Asadullah, K., Austin, C. P., Blumenstein, R., Bradley, E. W., Crystal, R. G., Darnell, R. B., Ferrante, R. J., Fillit, H., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11556 · Cited by 1,196
Pooling of Animal Experimental Data Reveals Influence of Study Design and Publication Bias
Macleod, M. R., O’Collins, T., Howells, D. W., & Donnan, G. A. (2004) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000125719.25853.20 · Cited by 734
Kamada, N., & Calne, R. (1979) · PubMed · Cited by 617
Publication bias in reports of animal stroke studies leads to major overstatement of efficacy
Sena, E. S., van der Worp, H. B., Bath, P. M. W., Howells, D. W., & Macleod, M. R. (2010) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000344 · Cited by 600 · cited 1×
“The ARRIVE and NAS guidelines, and many other systematic reviews of the quality of data of animal studies, emphasize the need for full and transparent reporting that allow for critical evaluation and reproduction of published data.[6, 15, 17, 64, 78, 79] Pain management has mostly stayed off their lists of criteria, o…”
BackgroundSimera, I., Moher, D., Hirst, A., Hoey, J., Schulz, K. F., & Altman, D. G. (2010) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-8-24 · Cited by 590
ORTHOTOPIC LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IN THE RAT
KAMADA, N., & Calne, R. (1979) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/00007890-197907000-00011 · Cited by 586
Meta-analysis of data from animal studies: A practical guide
Vesterinen, H. M., Sena, E. S., Egan, K. J., Hirst, T. C., Churolov, L., Currie, G. L., Antonic‐Baker, A., Howells, D. W., & Macleod, M. R. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jneumeth.2013.09.010 · Cited by 488
Flecknell, P. (1996) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-260361-7.x5000-3 · Cited by 428
Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals
(1997) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-417570-9.x5000-4 · Cited by 422
Guidelines for Recognition, Assessment and Treatment of Pain
Mathews, K. A., Kronen, P., Lascelles, B. D. X., Nolan, A. M., Robertson, S. A., Steagall, P. V. M., Wright, B. D., & YAMASHITA, K. (2014) · Journal of Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1111/jsap.12200 · Cited by 380
How can we improve the pre-clinical development of drugs for stroke?
Sena, E. S., van der Worp, H. B., Howells, D. W., & Macleod, M. R. (2007) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2007.06.009 · Cited by 367
Good Laboratory Practice: Preventing Introduction of Bias at the Bench
Macleod, M. R., Fisher, M., O'Collins, V., Sena, E. S., Dirnagl, U., Bath, P. M. W., Buchan, A., van der Worp, H. B., Traystman, R., Minematsu, K., et al. (2009) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.108.525386 · Cited by 331
Macleod, M. R., van der Worp, H. B., Sena, E. S., Howells, D. W., Dirnagl, U., & Donnan, G. A. (2008) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.108.515957 · Cited by 319
Hooijmans, C. R., Leenaars, M., & Ritskes-Hoitinga, M. J. (2010) · Alternatives to Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/026119291003800208 · Cited by 311
Baker, D., Lidster, K., Sottomayor, A., & Amor, S. (2014) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001756 · Cited by 305
Rice, A. S. C., Cimino-Brown, D., Eisenach, J. C., Kontinen, V., LaCroix‐Fralish, M. L., Ian, M., Mogil, J. S., & Stöhr, T. (2008) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2008.08.017 · Cited by 304
Evidence that postoperative pain is a mediator of the tumor-promoting effects of surgery in rats
Page, G. G., Blakely, W. P., & Ben‐Eliyahu, S. (2001) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00403-6 · Cited by 298
Indomethacin and Celecoxib Impair Rotator Cuff Tendon-to-Bone Healing
Cohen, D. B., Kawamura, S., Ehteshami, J. R., & Rodeo, S. A. (2005) · The American Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1177/0363546505280428 · Cited by 297
Evaluation of excess significance bias in animal studies of neurological diseases
Tsilidis, K. K., Panagiotou, O. A., Sena, E. S., Aretouli, E., Evangelou, E., Howells, D. W., Salman, R. A.-S., Macleod, M. R., & Ioannidis, J. P. A. (2013) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001609 · Cited by 295
Sacerdote, P. (2006) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1191/0269216306pm1124oa · Cited by 290
An implantable guide-screw system for brain tumor studies in small animals
Lal, S., Lacroix, M., Tofilon, P. J., Fuller, G. N., Sawaya, R. A., & Lang, F. F. (2000) · Journal of neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns.2000.92.2.0326 · Cited by 244
Announcement: Reducing our irreproducibility
(2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/496398a · Cited by 243
Anesthesia and Analgesia in Laboratory Animals
(2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-373898-1.x5001-3 · Cited by 240
Garner, J. P. (2014) · ILAR Journal · doi:10.1093/ilar/ilu047 · Cited by 234
Stokes, E. L., Flecknell, P. A., & Richardson, C. A. (2009) · Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1258/la.2008.008020 · Cited by 223
Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals
Criado, A. (2010) · Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1258/la.2010.201003 · Cited by 199
Neuronal Population Coding of Parametric Working Memory
Barak, O., Tsodyks, M. V., & Romo, R. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1875-10.2010 · Cited by 197
The NHLBI-Sponsored Consortium for preclinicAl assESsment of cARdioprotective Therapies (CAESAR)
Jones, S. P., Tang, X., Guo, Y., Steenbergen, C., Lefer, D. J., Kukreja, R. C., Kong, M., Li, Q., Bhushan, S., Zhu, X., et al. (2014) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.116.305462 · Cited by 187
Replication and reproducibility in spinal cord injury research
Steward, O., Popovich, P. G., Dietrich, W. D., & Kleitman, N. (2012) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.06.017 · Cited by 186
(2009) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-369376-1.x0001-9 · Cited by 184
Richardson, C., & Flecknell, P. A. (2005) · Alternatives to Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/026119290503300207 · Cited by 179
Anesthesia and Analgesia for Laboratory Rodents
Gaertner, D. J., Hallman, T., Hankenson, F. C., & Batchelder, M. (2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012373898-1.50014-0 · Cited by 164
Statler, K. D., Alexander, H. L., Vagni, V., Dixon, C. E., Clark, R. S. B., Jenkins, L. W., & Kochanek, P. M. (2006) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2006.23.97 · Cited by 162
Krauth, D., Woodruff, T. J., & Bero, L. A. (2013) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1206389 · Cited by 154
Franchi, S., Panerai, A. E., & Sacerdote, P. (2007) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2007.01.001 · Cited by 146
Reporting of conflicts of interest in meta-analyses of trials of pharmacological treatments
Roseman, M. (2011) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2011.257 · Cited by 145
Martucci, C., Panerai, A. E., & Sacerdote, P. (2004) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.04.020 · Cited by 138
Gaspani, L., Bianchi, M., Limiroli, E., Panerai, A. E., & Sacerdote, P. (2002) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(02)00165-0 · Cited by 136
Public statement: guidelines for the assessment and management of pain in rodents and rabbits.
Kohn, D. F., Martin, T. E., Foley, P. L., Morris, T., Swindle, M. M., Vogler, G. A., & Wixson, S. K. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 114
Hirst, T. C., Vesterinen, H. M., Sena, E. S., Egan, K. J., Macleod, M. R., & Whittle, I. R. (2013) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.504 · Cited by 106
Sacerdote, P., Franchi, S., & Panerai, A. E. (2012) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/138161212803582496 · Cited by 103
Watzlawick, R., Sena, E. S., Dirnagl, U., Brommer, B., Kopp, M. A., Macleod, M. R., Howells, D. W., & Schwab, J. M. (2013) · JAMA Neurology · doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.4684 · Cited by 101
Peters, J., Sutton, A. J., Jones, D. R. H., Rushton, L., & Abrams, K. R. (2006) · Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B · doi:10.1080/03601230600857130 · Cited by 94
Schwarz, F., Iglhaut, G., & Becker, J. R. (2012) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01838.x · Cited by 94
Pain in Laboratory Animals: The Ethical and Regulatory Imperatives
Carbone, L. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0021578 · Cited by 92
Self-citationJournal Editorial Policies, Animal Welfare, and the 3Rs
Osborne, N. J., Payne, D., & Newman, M. L. (2009) · The American Journal of Bioethics · doi:10.1080/15265160903318343 · Cited by 86
Differential analgesic sensitivity of two distinct neuropathic pain models
Decosterd, I., Allchorne, A., & Woolf, C. J. (2004) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000131967.69309.4f · Cited by 82
Lemmon, V., Ferguson, A. R., Popovich, P. G., Xu, X., Snow, D. M., Igarashi, M., Beattie, C. E., & Bixby, J. L. (2014) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3400 · Cited by 79
Anesthesia and analgesia in laboratory animals
Fish, R. E. (2008) · Cited by 73
Carbone, L. (2012) · PubMed Central · Cited by 60
Self-citationReported analgesic administration to rabbits undergoing experimental surgical procedures
Coulter, C. A., Flecknell, P. A., Leach, M. C., & Richardson, C. (2011) · BMC Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/1746-6148-7-12 · Cited by 53
Representations of visual proportions in the primate posterior parietal and prefrontal cortices
Vallentin, D., & Nieder, A. (2010) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2010.07427.x · Cited by 51
Reproducibility of Results in Preclinical Studies: A Perspective From the Bone Field
Manolagas, S. C., & Kronenberg, H. M. (2014) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.2293 · Cited by 43
Hugunin, K. M. S., Fry, C., Shuster, K. A., & Nemzek, J. A. (2010) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0b013e3181cdc412 · Cited by 42
The ethical dimension in published animal research in critical care: the public face of science
Bara, M., & Joffe, A. R. (2014) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc13694 · Cited by 40
Bignami, E. G., Greco, T., Barile, L., Silvetti, S., Nicolotti, D., Fochi, O., Cama, E., Costagliola, R., Landoni, G., Biondi‐Zoccai, G., et al. (2012) · Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia · doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2012.06.007 · Cited by 39
Lesions in Posterior Parietal Area 5 in Monkeys Result in Rapid Behavioral and Cortical Plasticity
Padberg, J., Recanzone, G. H., Engle, J. R., Cooke, D. F., Goldring, A. B., & Krubitzer, L. A. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1806-10.2010 · Cited by 36
He, S., Atkinson, C., Qiao, F., Chen, X., & Tomlinson, S. (2010) · PubMed Central · Cited by 36
Latent Inputs Improve Estimates of Neural Encoding in Motor Cortex
Chase, S. M., Schwartz, A. B., & Kass, R. E. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2325-10.2010 · Cited by 34
Anesthesia and Analgesia in Rabbits
Lipman, N. S., Marini, R. P., & Flecknell, P. A. (1997) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012417570-9/50013-1 · Cited by 34
Effect of pain management on immunization efficacy in mice.
Kolstad, A. M., Rodriguiz, R. M., Kim, C. J., & Hale, L. P. (2012) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 32
Knopp, K. L., Stenfors, C., Baastrup, C., Bannon, A. W., Calvo, M., Caspani, O., Currie, G. L., Finnerup, N. B., Huang, W., Kennedy, J. D., et al. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.sjpain.2015.01.006 · Cited by 29
The methodological quality of animal research in critical care: the public face of science
Bara, M., & Joffe, A. R. (2014) · Annals of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/s13613-014-0026-8 · Cited by 29
Open Science and Reporting Animal Studies: Who's Accountable?
Eisen, J. A., Ganley, E., & MacCallum, C. (2014) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001757 · Cited by 26
Caro, A. C., Tucker, J. J., Yannascoli, S. M., Dunkman, A. A., Thomas, S. J., & Soslowsky, L. J. (2014) · PubMed Central · Cited by 25
Taylor, K. (2010) · Alternatives to Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/026119291003800613 · Cited by 22
Husmann, K., Arlt, M., Jirkof, P., Arras, M., Born, W., & Fuchs, B. (2015) · Laboratory Animals · doi:10.1177/0023677215570989 · Cited by 21
Effects of analgesic use on inflammation and hematology in a murine model of venous thrombosis.
Hish, G. A., Diaz, J. A., Hawley, A. E., Myers, D. D., & Lester, P. A. (2014) · PubMed Central · Cited by 20
(2015) · PubMed Central · Cited by 20
Influence of postoperative analgesics on the development of neuropathic pain in rats.
Stewart, L. S. A., & Martin, W. J. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 19
Joel, L. A. (1999) · AJN American Journal of Nursing · doi:10.1097/00000446-199902000-00002 · Cited by 19
Public Statement: Guidelines for the assessment and management of pain in rodents and rabbits
Kohn, D. F., Martin, T., Foley, P., Morris, T., Swindle, M., Vogler, G. A., & Wixson, S. K. (2007) · Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) · Cited by 18
Guidance for the description of animal research in scientific publications
(2014) · ILAR Journal · doi:10.1093/ilar/ilu070 · Cited by 18
(2012) · PubMed Central · Cited by 14
Effects of multimodal analgesia on the success of mouse embryo transfer surgery.
Parker, J. M., Austin, J., Wilkerson, J., & Carbone, L. (2011) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 13
Self-citationReporting of Results from Animal Studies
Tilson, H. A., & Schroeder, J. C. (2013) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1307676 · Cited by 13
Who will start the 3Rs ball rolling for animal welfare?
Buck, V. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/446856d · Cited by 11
Martins, A., & Franco, N. H. (2015) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani5020315 · Cited by 7
Justification for the Use of Animals
Carbone, L. (2014) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b16915-13 · Cited by 7
Self-citationRousseau, P. C. (2008) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.2007.23 · Cited by 6
Yu, S. L., & ZHANG, X. (2006) · Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A · doi:10.1080/10934520600655507 · Cited by 4
Synthesis of evidence: Working together on systematic reviews of animal studies
Leenaars, M. (2015) · ALTEX · doi:10.14573/altex.1502161 · Cited by 3
van Hout, G. P. J., Lorkeers, S. J. J. O., Wever, K. E., Sena, E. S., van Solinge, W. W., Doevendans, P. A., Pasterkamp, G., Chamuleau, S. A. J., & Hoefer, I. E. (2014) · Evidence-based Preclinical Medicine · doi:10.1002/ebm2.4 · Cited by 2
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Nature Publishing Group. Reporting Checklist For Life Sciences Articles 2015 [cited 2015 July 21]. Checklist for authors submitting article to Nature's family of journals]. Available from: http://www.nature.com/authors/policies/checklist.pdf.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Reporting animal research: Explanation and elaboration for the ARRIVE guidelines 2.0
Percie du Sert, N., Ahluwalia, A., Alam, S., Avey, M. T., Baker, M., Browne, W. J., Clark, A., Cuthill, I. C., Dirnagl, U., Emerson, M., et al. (2020) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000411 · Cited by 2,677
Reporting animal research: Explanation and Elaboration for the ARRIVE guidelines 2019Preprint
du Sert, N. P., Ahluwalia, A., Alam, S., Avey, M. T., Baker, M., Browne, W. J., Clark, A., Cuthill, I. C., Dirnagl, U., Emerson, M., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/703355 · Cited by 557
Nair, A. B., Morsy, M. A., & Jacob, S. (2018) · Drug Development Research · doi:10.1002/ddr.21461 · Cited by 478
The current state of animal models in research: A review
Robinson, N. B., Krieger, K., Khan, F., Huffman, W., Chang, M., Naik, A., Ruan, Y., Hameed, I., Krieger, K. H., Girardi, L. N., et al. (2019) · International Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2019.10.015 · Cited by 432
Guidelines for measuring cardiac physiology in mice
Lindsey, M. L., Kassiri, Z., Virag, J. A. I., Brás, L. E. D. C., & Scherrer‐Crosbie, M. (2018) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00339.2017 · Cited by 353
Metadata
- Authors
- Carbone, L., & Austin, J.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Carbone, Larry
- Austin, Jamie
- ORCID
- Carbone, Larry
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2016-05-12
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- e0155001
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4865140
- OpenAlex
- W2388286703
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 27.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- WBI Studies Repository (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Science Fundation (1455838)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal testing and alternatives
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Keywords
- animal pain management, anesthesia, postoperative analgesia, ARRIVE guidelines, animal welfare, data reproducibility, multimodal analgesia, journal impact factor, reporting quality, rats and mice, thoracotomy, craniotomy, organ transplantation, peripheral nerve injury
- MeSH terms
- Analgesics, Anesthesia, Animals, Animal Welfare, Animals, Laboratory, Models, Theoretical, Pain, Publications, Reproducibility of Results, Guidelines as Topic, Journal Impact Factor
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
