Cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory biomarkers reflect clinical severity in Huntington's disease
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INTRODUCTION: Immune system activation is involved in Huntington's disease (HD) pathogenesis and biomarkers for this process could be relevant to study the disease and characterise the therapeutic response to specific interventions. We aimed to study inflammatory cytokines and microglial markers in the CSF of HD patients. METHODS: CSF TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, YKL-40, chitotriosidase, total tau and neurofilament light chain (NFL) from 23 mutation carriers and 14 healthy controls were assayed. RESULTS: CSF TNF-α and IL-1β were below the limit of detection. Mutation carriers had higher YKL-40 (p = 0.003), chitotriosidase (p = 0.015) and IL-6 (p = 0.041) than controls. YKL-40 significantly correlated with disease stage (p = 0.007), UHDRS total functional capacity score (r = -0.46, p = 0.016), and UHDRS total motor score (r = 0.59, p = 4.5*10-4) after adjustment for age. CONCLUSION: YKL-40 levels in CSF may, after further study, come to have a role as biomarkers for some aspects of HD. Further investigation is needed to support our exploratory findings.
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The R6/2 model probably does not reproduce all neuroinflammatory features seen in end-stage human Huntington's disease.
“indicating that this model likely does not fully recapitulate the neuroinflammation observed in endstage human Huntington's disease”
From Microglial depletion prevents extracellular matrix changes and striatal volume reduction in a model of Huntington's disease (2020) · cites this paper as Rodrigues et al., 2016
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- [32]Wild EJ, Borowsky B, HDClarity investigators, editors. HDClarity: A new multi-site cerebrospinal fluid collection initiative to facilitate therapeutic development for Huntington’s disease. 11th Annual CHDI HD Therapeutics Conference 2016; 2016; Palm Springs, CA.
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Chitinase-3 Like-Protein-1 Signature in Neurological Disorders: Emphasis on Stroke
Mathias, K., Machado, R. S., Andrade, N. M., Piacentini, N., Martins, C. D., Prophiro, J. S., & Petronilho, F. C. (2025) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-025-02311-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Discovery and Targeted Proteomic Studies Reveal Striatal Markers Validated for Huntington's Disease
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Biphasic Role of Microglia in Healthy and Diseased Brain
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Neuroinflammation in Huntington’s Disease
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Biomarkers in Huntington’s Disease
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Cytokines as biomarkers of Huntington’s disease progression
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Microglial Senescence in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives
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Grétarsdóttir, H. M., Cunningham, J. L., Rasmusson, A. J., Burman, J., Kultima, K., Paucar, M., Svenningsson, P., Constantinescu, R., & Niemelä, V. (2026) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-026-14112-5
- Authors
- Rodrigues, F. B., Byrne, L. M., McColgan, P., Robertson, N., Tabrizi, S. J., Zetterberg, H., & Wild, E. J.
- Affiliations
- UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wild, Edward J.
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2016-09-22
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e0163479
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5033331
- OpenAlex
- W2521599174
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 3.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- CHDI Foundation
- GlaxoSmithKline foundation
- Swedish Research Council
- European Research Council
- Medical Research Council
- Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
- Wolfson Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Genetic Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Lysosomal Storage Disorders Research
- Keywords
- Huntington's disease, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, neuroinflammation, YKL-40, chitotriosidase, interleukin-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, neurofilament light chain, tau protein, microglial activation, disease severity, mutation carriers
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