Long term conservation of DNA at ambient temperature. Implications for DNA data storage
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Abstract
DNA conservation is central to many applications. This leads to an ever-increasing number of samples which are more and more difficult and costly to store or transport. A way to alleviate this problem is to develop procedures for storing samples at room temperature while maintaining their stability. A variety of commercial systems have been proposed but they fail to completely protect DNA from deleterious factors, mainly water. On the other side, Imagene company has developed a procedure for long-term conservation of biospecimen at room temperature based on the confinement of the samples under an anhydrous and anoxic atmosphere maintained inside hermetic capsules. The procedure has been validated by us and others for purified RNA, and for DNA in buffy coat or white blood cells lysates, but a precise determination of purified DNA stability is still lacking. We used the Arrhenius law to determine the DNA degradation rate at room temperature. We found that extrapolation to 25°C gave a degradation rate constant equivalent to about 1 cut/century/100 000 nucleotides, a stability several orders of magnitude larger than the current commercialized processes. Such a stability is fundamental for many applications such as the preservation of very large DNA molecules (particularly interesting in the context of genome sequencing) or oligonucleotides for DNA data storage. Capsules are also well suited for this latter application because of their high capacity. One can calculate that the 64 zettabytes of data produced in 2020 could be stored, standalone, for centuries, in about 20 kg of capsules.
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Hydrolysis is the dominating decay pathway in a data storage context.
“Among those, hydrolysis is the dominating decay pathway in a data storage context.57,58”
From Emerging Approaches to DNA Data Storage: Challenges and Prospects (2022) · cites this paper as [58]
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“For instance, the half-life of a 150-nucleotide DNA fragment is about 13 years under 50% relative humidity at room Article temperature in open atmosphere, which increases to 61 years when stored in closed Eppendorf tubes [16].”
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Zhang, Y., Jia, L., XiaoXia, W. A. N. G., Shi, Y., Wang, H., Zhang, D., Cheng, P., Zhao, Y., Xu, M., Zhang, X., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2025.12.24.696143
Can DNA withstand the test of time? Exploring degradation across storage conditions
Sguazzi, G., Alladio, E., Cisana, S., Garofano, L., Garofano, P., Linarello, P., Omedei, M., Salvaderi, L., Gino, S., & Procopio, N. (2026) · Forensic Science International Genetics · doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2026.103520
Shield, Repair, Reconstruct: An Integrated Framework for Long-Term DNA Data Storage
Liu, L., Wu, J., Huang, Y., Wang, M., He, B., Song, L., & Sun, J. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-9450-4_10
State of the Art on DNA Storage Technologies and Their Performance Evaluation
Bonnet, J., & Colotte, M. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-9450-4_13
Self-citationTian, J., Yan, C., Jiao, Y., Li, J., Yaofeng, C., Chu, Z., Wu, Y., Liu, Y., Zhou, Z., & Xing, Y. (2026) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-026-06694-w
“The expanding use of DNA in vitro has intensified the demand for its reliable preservation, a core objective of biobanking [5–7].”
Moshoma, T., Gededzha, M. P., Mampeule, N., & Mayne, E. S. (2026) · African Journal of Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.4102/ajlm.v15i1.2915
“19,20 This stability is particularly significant in African environments, where average temperatures often increase beyond 30 °C and in some places can even reach 40 °C – 50 °C. 6,21,22,23,24,25 Nucleic acid extraction prior to transportation to regional and central facilities is an alternative to…”
DNA Preservation in Vertebrate Samples: Insights from Forensic and Ancient Contexts
Natale, B., Pokorný, M., & Vaněk, D. (2026) · Life · doi:10.3390/life16101601
Bai, C., & Zhang, X. (2026) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.6c09600
- Authors
- Coudy, D., Colotte, M., Luis, A., Tuffet, S., & Bonnet, J.
- Affiliations
- Genopole (France) (FR)
- Université de Bordeaux (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Coudy, Delphine
- Bonnet, Jacques
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2021-11-11
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e0259868
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8585539
- OpenAlex
- W3214035661
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 1.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Biological Computing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- DNA stability, Arrhenius equation, room temperature storage, DNA data storage
- MeSH terms
- DNA, Genetic Techniques, Humans, Specimen Handling, Temperature, Information Storage and Retrieval
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