The effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on adipose tissues in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
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AIMS: Glucagon‑like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) treatment can improve adipose distribution. We performed this meta-analysis to investigate whether GLP-1RAs preferentially reduce visceral adipose tissue (VAT) over subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in patients with type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for randomised controlled trials explicitly reporting changes in VAT and SAT. A random-effects model was performed to estimate the weighted mean difference (MD) for VAT and SAT. Heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using I2 statistics, and publication bias was assessed using Egger's tests. Meta-regression was performed to identify the correlation between changes in adipose tissues and changes in body weight and glycated haemoglobin level. RESULTS: Ten trials with 924 patients were enrolled in the meta-analysis. GLP-1RA treatment led to similar absolute area (cm2) reductions in VAT (MD -21.13 cm2, 95% CI [-29.82, -12.44]) and SAT (MD -22.89 cm2, 95% CI [-29.83, -15.95]). No significant publication bias was detected, and this result was stable in the sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Moreover, GLP-1RA treatment resulted in a greater reduction in VAT and SAT in the subgroup with a greater reduction in body weight. The absolute area reduction in VAT was significantly correlated with the reduction in body weight (r = 6.324, p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS: GLP-1RA treatment leads to significant and similar absolute reductions in VAT and SAT, and the reduction in adipose tissues may be correlated with the reduction in body weight.
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GLP-1 RA treatment leads to a comparable absolute and higher-percentage decrease in VAT compared with SAT.
“Mounting evidence indicates that GLP-1 RA treatment leads to a comparable absolute and higher-percentage decrease in VAT in comparison with SAT, implying that GLP-1 RAs may trigger other pathways that calorie restriction does not [93].”
From Adipose Tissue: A Novel Target of the Incretin Axis? A Paradigm Shift in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance (2024) · cites this paper as [93]
GLP-1 RAs may trigger other pathways that calorie restriction does not.
“Mounting evidence indicates that GLP-1 RA treatment leads to a comparable absolute and higher-percentage decrease in VAT in comparison with SAT, implying that GLP-1 RAs may trigger other pathways that calorie restriction does not [93].”
From Adipose Tissue: A Novel Target of the Incretin Axis? A Paradigm Shift in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance (2024) · cites this paper as [93]
Treatment with GLP-1 RAs can considerably lower VAT and SAT in subjects with T2D.
“A systematic review of 10 trials provided proof that treatment with GLP-1 RAs can considerably lower VAT and SAT in subjects with T2D.”
From Adipose Tissue: A Novel Target of the Incretin Axis? A Paradigm Shift in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance (2024) · cites this paper as [93]
There is a noteworthy correlation between overall weight loss and VAT reduction.
“Furthermore, there was a noteworthy correlation between overall weight loss and the VAT reduction [93].”
From Adipose Tissue: A Novel Target of the Incretin Axis? A Paradigm Shift in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance (2024) · cites this paper as [93]
Treatment with GLP-1 RAs is associated with a prioritized decrease in VAT (11.2%) over SAT (8.3%) when baseline values for both are considered.
“Interestingly, treatment with GLP-1 RAs seemed to be associated with a prioritized decrease in VAT (11.2%) over SAT (8.3%) when baseline values for both VAT and SAT were considered.”
From Adipose Tissue: A Novel Target of the Incretin Axis? A Paradigm Shift in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance (2024) · cites this paper as [93]
The subgroup experiencing significant weight loss saw a higher decrease in VAT and SAT as a result of GLP-1 RA treatment.
“In addition, the subgroup experiencing significant weight loss saw a higher decrease in VAT and in SAT as a result of GLP-1 RA treatment.”
From Adipose Tissue: A Novel Target of the Incretin Axis? A Paradigm Shift in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance (2024) · cites this paper as [93]
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- Authors
- Liu, F., Yang, Q., Zhang, H., Zhang, Y., Yang, G., Ban, B., Li, Y., & Zhang, M.
- Affiliations
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Yanying
- Zhang, Mei
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2022-07-07
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- e0270899
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9262225
- OpenAlex
- W4284664749
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 0.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- the Key Research and Development Project of Jining City (2021YXNS073)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- GLP-1 receptor agonists, type 2 diabetes, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue, adipose tissue reduction, weight loss, HbA1c
- MeSH terms
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Body Weight, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Intra-Abdominal Fat
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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