The effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on visceral fat and liver ectopic fat in an adult population with or without diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Aim: To uncover the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on the visceral- and hepatic fat content of adults. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception until November 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GLP-1Ras was extracted, including reports of effects on visceral adipose tissue and hepatic fat content in individuals with type 2 diabetes, non-type 2 diabetes, NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease), and non-NAFLD. Meta-analyses used random-effects models. Results: 1736 individuals in the 30 qualified RCTs were included, comprising 1363 people with type 2 diabetes and 318 with NFLD. GLP-1 RAs reduced visceral adipose tissue (standard mean difference [SMD] = -0.59, 95% CI [-0.83, -0.36], P<0.00001) and hepatic fat content (weighted mean difference [WMD] = -3.09, 95% CI [-4.16, -2.02], P<0.00001) compared to other control treatment. Subgroup analysis showed that GLP-1Ras dramatically decreased visceral fat in patients with type 2 diabetes (SMD = -0.49, 95% CI [-0.69, -0.29] P<0.00001), NAFLD (SMD = -0.99, 95% CI [-1.64, -0.34] P = 0.003), non-type 2 diabetes (SMD = -1.38, 95% CI [-2.44, -0.32] P = 0.01), and non-NAFLD (SMD = -0.53, 95% CI [-0.78, -0.28] P<0.0001). GLP-1Ras reduced the liver fat level of type 2 diabetes (WMD = -3.15, 95% CI [-4.14, -2.15] P<0.00001), NAFLD (WMD = -3.83, 95% CI [-6.30, -1.37] P = 0.002), and type 2 diabetes with NAFLD (WMD = -4.27, 95% CI [-6.80, -1.74] P = 0.0009), while showed no impact on the hepatic fat content in non-Type 2 diabetes (WMD = −12.48, 95% CI [−45.19, 20.24] P = 0.45). Conclusions: LP-1 RAs significantly reduce visceral- and liver fat content in adults.
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A recent meta-analysis including 30 RCT enrolling 1738 individuals showed that treatment with GLP-1RA reduced VAT (−0.59, 95% CI [−0.83, −0.36], I2 = 77%, p < 0.00001) and hepatic liver content (−3.09, 95% CI [−4.16, −2.02], I2 = 40%, p < 0.00001) with respect to placebo or active comparators regardless of patients' history of T2D and/or MASLD.
“A recent meta-analysis including 30 RCT enrolling 1738 individuals showed that treatment with GLP-1RA reduced VAT (−0.59, 95% CI [−0.83, −0.36], I2 = 77%, p < 0.00001) and hepatic liver content (−3.09, 95% CI [−4.16, −2.02], I2 = 40%, p < 0.00001) with respect to placebo or active comparators regardless of patients’ history of T2D and/or MASLD91.”
From Incretin-based therapies for the treatment of obesity-related diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [91]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gigliotti, L., Warshaw, H., Evert, A., Dawkins, C., Schwartz, J., Susie, C., Kushner, R., Subramanian, S., Handu, D., & Rozga, M. (2025) · Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics · doi:10.1016/j.jand.2024.10.023 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Incretin-based therapies for the treatment of obesity-related diseases
Caruso, I., Cignarelli, A., Sorice, G. P., Perrini, S., & Giorgino, F. (2024) · npj Metabolic Health and Disease · doi:10.1038/s44324-024-00030-5 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Lecis, D., Prandi, F. R., Barone, L., Belli, M., Sergi, D., Longo, S., Muscoli, S., Romeo, F., Federici, M., Lerakis, S., et al. (2023) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom13121695 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
- Authors
- Liao, C., Liang, X., Zhang, X., & Li, Y.
- Affiliations
- First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Yao
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2023-08-24
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e0289616
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10449217
- OpenAlex
- W4386131764
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 82
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 2.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- GLP-1 receptor agonists, visceral adipose tissue, hepatic fat content, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, ectopic fat
- MeSH terms
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists, Adult, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Intra-Abdominal Fat, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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