Discordance between circulating atherogenic cholesterol mass and lipoprotein particle concentration in relation to future coronary events in women
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: It is uncertain whether measurement of circulating total atherogenic lipoprotein particle cholesterol mass [non–HDL cholesterol (nonHDLc)] or particle concentration [apolipoprotein B (apo B) and LDL particle concentration (LDLp)] more accurately reflects risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD). We evaluated CHD risk among women in whom these markers where discordant. METHODS: Among 27533 initially healthy women in the Women's Health Study (NCT00000479), using residuals from linear regression models, we compared risk among women with higher or lower observed particle concentration relative to nonHDLc (highest and lowest residual quartiles, respectively) to individuals with agreement between markers (middle quartiles) using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: Although all 3 biomarkers were correlated (r ≥ 0.77), discordance occurred in up to 20.2% of women. Women with discordant high particle concentration were more likely to have metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes (both P < 0.001). Over a median follow-up of 20.4 years, 1246 CHD events occurred (514725 person-years). Women with high particle concentration relative to nonHDLc had increased CHD risk: age-adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) = 1.77 (1.56–2.00) for apo B and 1.70 (1.50–1.92) for LDLp. After adjustment for clinical risk factors including MetS, these risks attenuated to 1.22 (1.07–1.39) for apo B and 1.13 (0.99–1.29) for LDLp. Discordant low apo B or LDLp relative to nonHDLc was not associated with lower risk. CONCLUSIONS: Discordance between atherogenic particle cholesterol mass and particle concentration occurs in a sizeable proportion of apparently healthy women and should be suspected clinically among women with cardiometabolic traits. In such women, direct measurement of lipoprotein particle concentration might better inform CHD risk assessment.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
apoB is a more accurate measure of the adequacy of lipid-lowering therapy than LDL-C or non-HDL-C.
“given that apoB is a more accurate measure of the adequacy of lipid-lowering therapy than LDL-C or non-HDL-C,1,3–13,27”
From Discordance among apoB, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides: implications for cardiovascular prevention (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
The Discussion reports that, in apparently healthy women with discordant measurements, CHD risk tracked better with apoB than with non-HDL-C. The Background also describes evidence that apoB may predict risk better than LDL-C. But the paper examines future coronary risk, not whether apoB measures the adequacy of lipid-lowering therapy more accurately than either cholesterol measure. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAll reports since 2019, with one exception, including observational studies and randomized clinical trials, have confirmed that apoB is a more accurate marker of cardiovascular risk than LDL-C or non-HDL-C.
“Moreover, all reports since then, with one exception,2 including observational studies and randomized clinical trials,3–13 have confirmed that apoB is a more accurate marker of cardiovascular risk than LDL-C or non-HDL-C, reinforcing the validity of the evaluation by the 2019 EAS/ESC Guidelines as to the superiority of apoB.”
From Discordance among apoB, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides: implications for cardiovascular prevention (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
The Discussion (page not supplied) reports that, among women with discordant biomarker levels, coronary risk tracked more closely with particle concentration, particularly apoB, than with non-HDL-C. The paper was published in 2017 and does not establish that all reports since 2019, including randomized trials, confirmed apoB’s superiority across populations. (LLM, conf=0.89)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPrior work shows that apoB concentration is the most predictive parameter of CV risk.
“This study builds on prior work showing that apoB concentration is the most predictive parameter of CV risk,13,14,15”
From Association of Apolipoprotein B–Containing Lipoproteins and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Individuals With and Without Atherosclerosis (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
The Discussion (page not supplied) reports that, among women whose apoB and non-HDL cholesterol measurements were discordant, coronary heart disease risk tracked more closely with lipoprotein particle concentration, particularly apoB. It does not establish that apoB is the most predictive parameter of cardiovascular risk generally, across populations and risk measures. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Stone, N. J., Robinson, J. G., Lichtenstein, A. H., Bairey Merz, C. N., Blum, C. B., Eckel, R. H., Goldberg, A. C., Gordon, D., Levy, D., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., et al. (2014) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000437738.63853.7a · Cited by 7,081 · see citing works
Stone, N. J., Robinson, J. G., Lichtenstein, A. H., Bairey Merz, C. N., Blum, C. B., Eckel, R. H., Goldberg, A. C., Gordon, D., Levy, D., Lloyd-Jones, D. M., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.002 · Cited by 3,845 · see citing works
ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias
Reiner, Ž., Catapano, A. L., De Backer, G., Graham, I., Taskinen, M.-R., Wiklund, O., Agewall, S., Alegria, E., Chapman, M. J., Durrington, P., et al. (2011) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehr158 · Cited by 3,549 · see citing works
A Randomized Trial of Low-Dose Aspirin in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women
Ridker, P. M., Cook, N. R., Lee, I.-M., Gordon, D., Gaziano, J. M., Manson, J. E., Hennekens, C. H., & Buring, J. E. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa050613 · Cited by 1,945 · see citing works
Self-citationTabas, I., Williams, K. J., & Borén, J. (2007) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.676890 · Cited by 1,399 · see citing works
Lee, I.-M., Cook, N. R., Gaziano, J. M., Gordon, D., Ridker, P. M., Manson, J. E., Hennekens, C. H., & Buring, J. E. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.294.1.56 · Cited by 1,137 · see citing works
Self-citationCook, N. R., Lee, I.-M., Gaziano, J. M., Gordon, D., Ridker, P. M., Manson, J. E., Hennekens, C. H., & Buring, J. E. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.294.1.47 · Cited by 796 · see citing works
Self-citationBoekholdt, S. M., Arsenault, B. J., Mora, S., Pedersen, T. R., LaRosa, J. C., Nestel, P. J., Simes, R. J., Durrington, P., Hitman, G. A., Welch, K. M. A., et al. (2012) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.366 · Cited by 795 · see citing works
Self-citationAnderson, T. J., Grégoire, J. C., Hegele, R. A., Couture, P., Mancini, G. B. J., McPherson, R., Francis, G. A., Poirier, P., Lau, D. C. W., Grover, S. A., et al. (2013) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2012.11.032 · Cited by 762 · see citing works
Sniderman, A. D., Williams, K., Contois, J. H., Monroe, H. M., McQueen, M. J., de Graaf, J., & Furberg, C. D. (2011) · Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.110.959247 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
Self-citationPischon, T., Girman, C. J., Sacks, F. M., Rifai, N., Stampfer, M. J., & Rimm, E. B. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.104.532499 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
Mora, S., Otvos, J. D., Rifai, N., Rosenson, R. S., Buring, J. E., & Ridker, P. M. (2009) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.108.816181 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Self-citationRisk factor thresholds: their existence under scrutiny
Law, M. R., & Wald, N. J. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7353.1570 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Mora, S., Buring, J. E., & Ridker, P. M. (2014) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.113.005873 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Self-citationAre PCSK9 Inhibitors the Next Breakthrough in the Cardiovascular Field?
Giugliano, R. P., & Sabatine, M. S. (2015) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.05.001 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Pencina, M. J., D’Agostino, R. B., Zdrojewski, T., Williams, K., Thanassoulis, G., Furberg, C. D., Peterson, E. D., Vasan, R. S., & Sniderman, A. D. (2015) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487315569411 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Self-citationFurther Insight Into the Cardiovascular Risk Calculator
Cook, N. R., & Ridker, P. M. (2014) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.5336 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Self-citationThanassoulis, G., Williams, K., Ye, K., Brook, R., Couture, P., Lawler, P. R., de Graaf, J., Furberg, C. D., & Sniderman, A. (2014) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.113.000759 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Self-citationReducing LDL with PCSK9 Inhibitors — The Clinical Benefit of Lipid Drugs
Everett, B. M., Smith, R. J., & Hiatt, W. R. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmp1508120 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Sniderman, A. D., Islam, S., Yusuf, S., & McQueen, M. J. (2012) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.08.039 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationBeyond Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Mudd, J. O., Borlaug, B. A., Johnston, P. V., Kral, B. G., Rouf, R., Blumenthal, R. S., & Kwiterovich, P. O. (2007) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.07.045 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Proof That Lower Is Better — LDL Cholesterol and IMPROVE-IT
Jarcho, J. A., & Keaney, J. F. (2015) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejme1507041 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Circulating N-Linked Glycoprotein Acetyls and Longitudinal Mortality Risk
Lawler, P. R., Akinkuolie, A. O., Chandler, P. D., Moorthy, M. V., VanDenburgh, M., Schaumberg, D. A., Lee, I.-M. M., Glynn, R. J., Ridker, P. M., Buring, J. E., et al. (2016) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.115.308078 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Self-citationDiscordance analysis and the Gordian Knot of LDL and non-HDL cholesterol versus apoB
Sniderman, A. D., Lamarche, B., Contois, J. H., & Graaf, J. D. (2014) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000127 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationThe causal exposure model of vascular disease
Sniderman, A. D., Lawler, P. R., Williams, K., Thanassoulis, G., Graaf, J. D., & Furberg, C. D. (2011) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs20110449 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Apolipoprotein B Particles and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review
Sniderman, A. D., Thanassoulis, G., Glavinovic, T., Navar, A. M., Pencina, M., Catapano, A., & Ference, B. A. (2019) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2019.3780 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
Self-citationRemnant cholesterol predicts cardiovascular disease beyond LDL and ApoB: A primary prevention study
Quispe, R., Martin, S. S., Michos, E. D., Lamba, I., Blumenthal, R. S., Saeed, A., Lima, J., Puri, R., Nomura, S., Tsai, M., et al. (2021) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehab432 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Apolipoproteins in vascular biology and atherosclerotic disease
Mehta, A., & Shapiro, M. D. (2022) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-021-00613-5 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Marston, N. A., Giugliano, R. P., Melloni, G. E. M., Park, J.-G., Morrill, V., Blazing, M. A., Ference, B., Stein, E., Stroes, E. S., Braunwald, E., et al. (2022) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2021.5083 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Langlois, M. R., Chapman, M. J., Cobbaert, C., Mora, S., Remaley, A. T., Ros, E., Watts, G. F., Borén, J., Baum, H., Bruckert, E., et al. (2018) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2018.287037 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Self-citation2026 ACC/AHA/AACVPR/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA Guideline on the Management of Dyslipidemia
Blumenthal, R. S., Morris, P. B., Gaudino, M., Johnson, H. M., Anderson, T. S., Bittner, V. A., Blankstein, R., Brewer, L. C., Cho, L., de Ferranti, S. D., et al. (2026) · JACC · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2025.11.016 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Self-citationNordestgaard, B. G., Langlois, M. R., Langsted, A., Chapman, M. J., Aakre, K. M., Baum, H., Borén, J., Bruckert, E., Catapano, A., Cobbaert, C., et al. (2020) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.12.005 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Self-citationTobias, D. K., Lawler, P. R., Harada, P. H. N., Demler, O., Ridker, P. M., Manson, J. E., Cheng, S. C., & Mora, S. (2018) · Circulation Genomic and Precision Medicine · doi:10.1161/circgen.118.002157 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Self-citationLanglois, M. R., Nordestgaard, B. G., Langsted, A., Chapman, M. J., Aakre, K. M., Baum, H., Borén, J., Bruckert, E., Catapano, A., Cobbaert, C., et al. (2020) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm-2019-1253 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Self-citationCarr, S. S., Hooper, A. J., SULLIVAN, D. R., & Burnett, J. R. (2018) · Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.pathol.2018.11.006 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Ikezaki, H., Lim, E., Cupples, L. A., Liu, C., Asztalos, B. F., & Schaefer, E. J. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.120.019140 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Ray, K. K., Stoekenbroek, R. M., Kallend, D., Leiter, L. A., Landmesser, U., Wright, R. S., Wijngaard, P., & Kastelein, J. J. P. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.118.034710 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Writing Committee Members, Blumenthal, R. S., Morris, P. B., Gaudino, M., Johnson, H. M., Anderson, T. S., Bittner, V. A., Blankstein, R., Brewer, L. C., Cho, L., et al. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001423 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationSniderman, A. D., Dufresne, L., Pencina, K. M., Bilgic, S., Thanassoulis, G., & Pencina, M. J. (2024) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehae258 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
“26 However, given that apoB is a more accurate measure of the adequacy of lipid-lowering therapy than LDL-C or non-HDL-C, 1,3–13 , 27 there In summary, the present prospective discordance analysis adds to the evidence that apoB is a more accurate marker of cardiovascular risk than LDL-C, non-HDL-C,…”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationSoffer, D. E., Marston, N. A., Maki, K. C., Jacobson, T. A., Bittner, V. A., Peña, J. M., Thanassoulis, G., Martin, S. S., Kirkpatrick, C. F., Virani, S. S., et al. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2024.08.013 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Fu, L., Tai, S., Sun, J., Zhang, N., Zhou, Y., Xing, Z., Wang, Y., & Zhou, S. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-2511 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Modification of lipoprotein metabolism and function driving atherogenesis in diabetes
Luciani, L., Pedrelli, M., & Parini, P. (2024) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117545 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Lawler, P. R., Akinkuolie, A. O., Harada, P. H. N., Glynn, R. J., Chasman, D. I., Ridker, P. M., & Mora, S. (2017) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.117.007402 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationLanglois, M. R., & Sniderman, A. D. (2020) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-020-01323-z · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citationNelson, A. J., Sniderman, A. D., Ditmarsch, M., Dicklin, M. R., Nicholls, S. J., Davidson, M. H., & Kastelein, J. J. P. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23169417 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationSathiyakumar, V., Park, J., Quispe, R., Elshazly, M. B., Michos, E. D., Banach, M., Toth, P. P., Whelton, S. P., Blumenthal, R. S., Jones, S. R., et al. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.032463 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Present therapeutic role of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors
Ferri, N., Corsini, A., Sirtori, C. R., & Ruscica, M. (2017) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.028 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Jiang, T., Xing, X., Zhang, L., Liu, Z., Zhao, J., & Liu, X. (2019) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2019/7658052 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Inflammation beyond the Joints: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Cardiovascular Disease.
Urman, A. R., Taklalsingh, N., Sorrento, C., & McFarlane, I. M. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Cao, J., Nomura, S. O., Steffen, B. T., Guan, W., Remaley, A. T., Karger, A. B., Ouyang, P., Michos, E. D., & Tsai, M. Y. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2019.11.005 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Elliott, P. S., Kharaty, S. S., & Phillips, C. M. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14245371 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Vargas‐Vázquez, A., Bello‐Chavolla, O. Y., Antonio‐Villa, N. E., Mehta, R., Cruz‐Bautista, I., & Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (2021) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01471-3 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Update on Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases
Mackey, R. H., Kuller, L. H., & Moreland, L. W. (2018) · Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.rdc.2018.03.006 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
ApoB in clinical care: Pro and Con
Sniderman, A. D., & Robinson, J. G. (2018) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.11.001 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationCoelewij, L., Waddington, K. E., Robinson, G., Chocano, E., McDonnell, T. C. R., Farinha, F., Peng, J., Dönnes, P., Smith, E., Croca, S. C., et al. (2021) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.315321 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Su, X., Cai, X., Pan, Y., Sun, J., Jing, J., Wang, M., Meng, X., Wang, Y., Wei, T., & He, Y. (2022) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwac223 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Steffen, B. T., Guan, W., Remaley, A. T., Stein, J. H., Tattersall, M. C., Kaufman, J. D., & Tsai, M. Y. (2017) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2017.07.001 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Use of Apolipoprotein B in the Era of Precision Medicine: Time for a Paradigm Change?
Cole, J., Zubirán, R., Wolska, A. T., Jialal, I., & Remaley, A. T. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12175737 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Statin therapy is not warranted for a person with high LDL-cholesterol on a low-carbohydrate diet
Diamond, D. M., Bikman, B. T., & Mason, P. (2022) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0000000000000764 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Ikezaki, H., Fisher, V. A., Lim, E., Ai, M., Liu, C., Cupples, L. A., Nakajima, K., Asztalos, B. F., Furusyo, N., & Schaefer, E. J. (2019) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2019.304600 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Ballantyne, C. M., & Norata, G. D. (2025) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf606 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
A Translational Tool to Facilitate Use of Apolipoprotein B for Clinical Decision-Making
Cole, J., Otvos, J. D., & Remaley, A. T. (2023) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/hvac161 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Yao, L., & Yang, P. (2024) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890.2024.2319749 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
ApoB, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C as markers of cardiovascular risk
Sehayek, D., Cole, J., Björnson, E., Wilkins, J. T., Mortensen, M. B., Dufresne, L., Pencina, K. M., Pencina, M. J., Thanassoulis, G., & Sniderman, A. D. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2025.05.024 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationJohannesen, C. D. L., Mortensen, M. B., Nordestgaard, B. G., & Langsted, A. (2025) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.119139 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Langlois, M. R., & Nordestgaard, B. G. (2018) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-018-1036-1 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Ahmad, S., Mora, S., Ridker, P. M., Hu, F. B., & Chasman, D. I. (2018) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.118.311562 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citationLawler, P. R., Rosenson, R. S., & Ko, D. T. (2020) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa078 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationAhmad, S., Mora, S., Franks, P. W., Orho‐Melander, M., Ridker, P. M., Hu, F. B., & Chasman, D. I. (2017) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2017.280545 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationA Comparison of Lipids and apoB in Asian Indians and Americans
Singh, K., Thanassoulis, G., Dufresne, L., Nguyen, A., Gupta, R., Narayan, K. M. V., Tandon, N., Sniderman, A. D., & Prabhakaran, D. (2021) · Global Heart · doi:10.5334/gh.882 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationApolipoprotein B in cardiovascular risk assessment
Ahmad, M., Sniderman, A. D., & Hegele, R. A. (2023) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.230048 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationNomura, S. J. O., Karger, A. B., Garg, P. K., Cao, J., Bhatia, H. S., Duran, E. K., Duprez, D. A., Guan, W., & Tsai, M. Y. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2022.100436 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Dorobanţu, M., Halațiu, V.-B., Fronea, O. F. G., Bala, C.-G., Moldovan, H., Parepa, R. I., Rodean, I. P., Benedek, I., & Benedek, T. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24032813 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Bilgic, S., Pencina, K. M., Pencina, M. J., Cole, J., Dufresne, L., Thanassoulis, G., & Sniderman, A. D. (2024) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.124.321165 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationMa, S., Xia, M., & Gao, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.681444 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Nutrient patterns are associated with discordant apoB and LDL: a population-based analysis
Mazidi, M., Webb, R. J., George, E. S., Shekoohi, N., Lovegrove, J. A., & Davies, I. G. (2021) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s000711452100369x · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Langlois, M. R., Nordestgaard, B. G., Langsted, A., Chapman, M. J., Aakre, K. M., Baum, H. H. E., Borén, J., Bruckert, É., Catapano, A. L., Cobbaert, C. M., et al. (2021) · Laboratory Service · doi:10.17116/labs20211001145 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationRuff, C. T., Koren, M. J., Grimsby, J., Rosenbaum, A. I., Tu, X., Karathanasis, S. K., Falloon, J., Hsia, J., Guan, Y., Conway, J., et al. (2021) · Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology · doi:10.1161/atvbaha.120.315757 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Sniderman, A. D. (2019) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2019.05.010 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationShiiba, M., Zhang, B., Miura, S., Ike, A., Nose, D., Kuwano, T., Imaizumi, S., Sugihara, M., Iwata, A., Nishikawa, H., et al. (2017) · Heart and Vessels · doi:10.1007/s00380-017-1036-x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Elevated apolipoprotein B as a risk-enhancing factor in 2018 cholesterol guidelines
Grundy, S. M., & Stone, N. J. (2019) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2019.05.009 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Liu, T., Zhao, D., Wang, M., Sun, J., Liu, J., Li, J., Duan, Y., Hu, P., Sun, Z., Liu, J., et al. (2023) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.63937 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Qu, G., Zhang, Z., & Zhu, H. (2021) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-021-01509-6 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Wu, S., Su, X., Zuo, Y., Chen, S., Tian, X., Xu, Q., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, P., He, Y. L., et al. (2023) · Hellenic Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.hjc.2023.05.008 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Zubirán, R., Vargas‐Vázquez, A., Razo-Olvera, F. M. D., Cruz‐Bautista, I., Martagón, A. J., Sampson, M. L., Remaley, A. T., & Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (2023) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117364 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Recent AHA/ACC guidelines on cholesterol management expands the role of the clinical laboratory
Cao, J., & Devaraj, S. (2019) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2019.04.002 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
To ApoB or Not to ApoB: New Arguments, but Basis for Widespread Implementation Remains Elusive
Welsh, P. I., & Sattar, N. A. (2022) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/hvac183 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Sun, C., Brisson, D., Gaudet, D., & Ooi, T. C. (2020) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2020.09.006 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Shiiba, M., Zhang, B., Miura, S., Ike, A., Nose, D., Kuwano, T., Imaizumi, S., Sugihara, M., Iwata, A., Nishikawa, H., et al. (2018) · Heart and Vessels · doi:10.1007/s00380-018-1123-7 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Sniderman, A. D. (2022) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1093/eurjpc/zwac253 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationSmith, L. E., Guilder, G. P. V., Dalleck, L. C., & Harris, N. K. (2022) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-022-06100-7 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein Particle and Cardiovascular Risk Prediction (from a Prospective Cohort Study)
Su, X., Wang, M., Zuo, Y., Wen, J. A., Zhai, Q., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Li, Y., & He, Y. (2023) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.05.052 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Genetic Studies Help Clarify the Complexities of Lipid Biology and Treatment
Sniderman, A. D., & Peterson, E. D. (2017) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11750 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationAtherogenic Dyslipoproteinemia and Management of ASCVD
Watts, G. F., & Chan, D. C. (2020) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.032 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Non-HDL Cholesterol and Apolipoprotein B Measures and Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Johannesen, C. D. L., Langsted, A., Nordestgaard, B. G., & Mortensen, M. B. (2026) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2026.0898 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Genedy, N., & Zouwail, S. (2025) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2025.11.008 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Inflammatory joint diseases and atherosclerosis: time to look beyond the ‘lipid paradox’
Mackey, R. H., Kuller, L. H., & Moreland, L. W. (2019) · Current Opinion in Lipidology · doi:10.1097/mol.0000000000000620 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Utility of Advanced Lipoprotein Testing in Clinical Practice
Feingold, K. R., & Grünfeld, C. (2016) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Vargas‐Vázquez, A., Bello‐Chavolla, O. Y., Antonio‐Villa, N. E., Mehta, R., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., & Cruz‐Bautista, I. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-249674/v2 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Johansen, M. Ø., Vedel‐Krogh, S., Nielsen, S. F., Afzal, S., Smith, G. D., & Nordestgaard, B. G. (2025) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2025.120605 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Shui, X., Wen, Z., Dong, R., Chen, Z., Tang, L., Tang, W., Wu, Z., & Chen, L. (2023) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-023-01872-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Huang, W., Lv, T., Li, H., Du, S., Yang, C., & Yuan, S. (2018) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2018.08.15 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Apolipoprotein B: An essential cholesterol metric for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Fischer, K., & Kassem, L. (2022) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.1093/ajhp/zxac287 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Li, C., Zhang, Y., Mei, L., Jin, A., Cai, X., Pan, Y., Jing, J., Wang, S., Meng, X., Li, S., et al. (2023) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2023.05.104 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Jaliliyan, A., Madankan, A., Mosavari, H., Khalili, P., Pouraskari, A. B., Lotfi, S., Honarfar, A., Fakhri, E., & Eghbali, F. (2024) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-024-07258-6 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mayer, F., Innerhofer, R., Köller, T., & Binder, C. J. (2024) · Learning materials in biosciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-64591-4_10 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Hanyu, W., Clarke, R., Kartsonaki, C., Millwood, I. Y., Walters, R., Hill, M., Avery, D., Yu, C., Sun, D.-Y., Lv, J., et al. (2025) · European Heart Journal Open · doi:10.1093/ehjopen/oeaf119 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A narrative review of impacts of apolipoproteins on atherosclerotic coronary plaques
Fukase, T., & Dohi, T. (2026) · npj Cardiovascular Health · doi:10.1038/s44325-026-00104-x · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lukina, A. A., Исмаилов, Д. В., Ilyin, A. P., Derina, K. V., & Korotkova, E. I. (2018) · Key engineering materials · doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.769.250 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Khanna, S., Wilkins, J. T., Ning, H., Allen, N. B., Lewis, C. E., Carr, J. J., Lloyd‐Jones, D. M., & VanWagner, L. B. (2022) · Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1155/2022/1727711 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Brown, W. V., Handelsman, Y., Martin, S. S., & Morris, P. B. (2017) · Journal of clinical lipidology · doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2017.04.113 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Lawler, P. R., & Mora, S. (2017) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2017.280172 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationAdvanced Lipid Thinking Prior to Incorporating Advanced Lipid Testing
Brummel, K. S., Shah, N. S., & Stone, N. J. (2019) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2019.05.034
How ApoB Measurements Could Improve Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Sniderman, A. D. (2020) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56514-5_29
Self-citationApolipoproteína B: sus ventajas en el manejo del riesgo cardiovascular aterosclerótico
Coniglio, R. I. (2021) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México)
Su, X. Y., Zuo, Y., Zhai, Q., Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Li, Y., & He, Y. L. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-895695/v1
Biocomposites-Based on Chitooligosaccharides for Biomedical Applications
Murugan, S. S., Kim, S., Dalavi, P. A., Venkatesan, J., & Seong, G. H. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-92806-3_11
Vargas‐Vázquez, A., Bello‐Chavolla, O. Y., Antonio‐Villa, N. E., Mehta, R., Cruz‐Bautista, I., & Aguilar-Salinas, C. A. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-249674/v1
Apolipoprotein B in Primary Prevention: Ready for Time Prime?
Quispe, R., Varghese, B. T., & Martin, S. S. (2022) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-98824-1_18
Mora, S., & Martin, S. S. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-88286-6.00003-0
Self-citationLi, C., He, K., Yang, Y., Li, K., Chen, M., Wang, L., Gao, Y., & Xu, X. (2023) · Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.31083/j.rcm2409263
L’apolipoprotéine B dans l’évaluation du risque cardiovasculaire
Ahmad, M., Sniderman, A. D., & Hegele, R. A. (2023) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.230048-f
Self-citationNathir, I., Aziz, F. A., & Hashim, R. D. (2025) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.19883
Shui, X., Wen, Z., Dong, R., Chen, Z., Tang, L., Tang, W., Wu, Z., & Chen, L. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23916999
Shui, X., Wen, Z., Dong, R., Chen, Z., Tang, L., Tang, W., Wu, Z., & Chen, L. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23917002
- Authors
- Lawler, P. R., Akinkuolie, A. O., Ridker, P. M., Sniderman, A. D., Buring, J. E., Glynn, R. J., Chasman, D. I., & Mora, S.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- McGill University Health Centre (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Mora, Samia
- ORCID
- Venue
- Clinical Chemistry
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-04-01
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 870-879
- ISSN
- 0009-9147 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-8561
- PMC
- PMC5374022
- OpenAlex
- W2586930478
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 10.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Clinical Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Wisconsin Historical Society (CA047988, HL043851, HL080467, HL099355, UM1 CA182913)
- Molino Family Trust
- NIH T32 (HL007575)
- NIH LRP
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the NIH under Award (R01HL117861)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Keywords
- non-HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, coronary heart disease risk, women, metabolic syndrome, Women's Health Study
- MeSH terms
- Apolipoproteins B, Cholesterol, Coronary Disease, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Women's Health, Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic, Atherosclerosis, Healthy Volunteers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
