The Senile Lung

Verbeken, Erik K.; Cauberghs, Michel; Mertens, Ingrid; Clement, Jacques; Lauweryns, Joseph M.; Van de Woestijne, Karel P.

doi:10.1378/chest.101.3.800

Cited by 112Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ResearchInterstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary FibrosisNeonatal Respiratory Health Research

The Senile Lung

Verbeken, Erik K., Cauberghs, Michel, Mertens, Ingrid, Clement, Jacques, Lauweryns, Joseph M., Van de Woestijne, Karel P.·1992·Chest

DOI 10.1378/chest.101.3.800

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Abstract

Senile lungs are characterized by a homogeneous enlargement of the alveolar airspaces, without fibrosis or destruction of their walls. Study of the functional characteristics of excisea senile lungs showed an increase in minimal air and a shift to the left of the elastic recoil pressure-volume curves, less pronounced than in emphysematous lungs. Maximal expiratory volumes and flows were normal. Total lung capacity was not significantly increased, but this may be a consequence of preagonal edema. Comparison of normal, senile, and emphysematous lungs showed a close relationship between recoil pressures and mean linear intercept, Lm, and between forced expiratory volume in 1 s and diameter and density of the membranous bronchioles. It is concluded that airspace enlargement may precede emphysema and may be responsible for changes in lung elasticity. In this respect, senile lungs are an example of the functional changes caused by an isolated airspace enlargement.

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Despite an age-associated reduction in elastic recoil, due to decreased respiratory strength and chest wall compliance, total lung capacity does not significantly change with age.
“Despite an age-associated reduction in elastic recoil, due to decreased respiratory strength and chest wall compliance, total lung capacity does not significantly change with age (7, 12, 14, 19).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
A reduction in elastic recoil of the lungs and changes in chest wall deformation give rise to increased functional residual capacity with age.
“A reduction in elastic recoil of the lungs and changes in chest wall deformation give rise to increased functional residual capacity with age (7, 14, 17).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
Elastic recoil of the lungs is reduced with aging and gives rise to an increase in end-expiratory lung volume.
“Elastic recoil of the lungs, due to a reduction in the surface tension forces caused by increased individual diameters of alveoli, is reduced with aging and gives rise to an increase in end-expiratory lung volume (7, 8).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
Many of these changes give rise to decreased lung function, altered pulmonary remodeling, diminished regeneration, and enhanced susceptibility to pulmonary disease.
“Many of these changes, as highlighted in Figure 1, give rise to decreased lung function, altered pulmonary remodeling, diminished regeneration, and enhanced susceptibility to pulmonary disease (7, 10).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
There is a decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) by approximately 20 mL/year with age.
“Specifically, there is a decline in forced expiratory volume (FEV1) by approximately 30 mL/year and forced vital capacity (FVC) by approximately 20 mL/year, which results in an age-associated decline in the FEV1/FVC ratio (7, 12–14, 20, 21).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]

Even in healthy persons, lung function declines starting at the age of 35.
“It is well appreciated that, even in healthy persons, lung function declines starting at the age of 35.”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
There is a decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) by approximately 30 mL/year with age.
“Specifically, there is a decline in forced expiratory volume (FEV1) by approximately 30 mL/year and forced vital capacity (FVC) by approximately 20 mL/year, which results in an age-associated decline in the FEV1/FVC ratio (7, 12–14, 20, 21).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
As a person ages, there is a decrease in resting arterial oxygen tension, which gives rise to diminished gas exchange in the lungs.
“As a person ages, there is a decrease in resting arterial oxygen tension, which gives rise to diminished gas exchange in the lungs (7, 12, 22).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
There is an age-associated decline in the FEV1/FVC ratio.
“Specifically, there is a decline in forced expiratory volume (FEV1) by approximately 30 mL/year and forced vital capacity (FVC) by approximately 20 mL/year, which results in an age-associated decline in the FEV1/FVC ratio (7, 12–14, 20, 21).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
Age-associated changes in the structure, function, and control of the respiratory system can greatly influence COPD susceptibility in older persons.
“Age-associated changes in the structure, function, and control of the respiratory system can greatly influence COPD susceptibility in older persons (6–10).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]
Many anatomical and physiological changes seen in COPD, such as airspace dilation resulting from loss of supporting tissue without alveolar wall destruction, have also been described in the similarly aged lungs of nonsmokers, illustrating that the process of aging is a contributing factor for disease progression.
“Interestingly, many of the anatomical and physiological changes seen in COPD, such as airspace dilation resulting from loss of supporting tissue without alveolar wall destruction, have also been described in the similarly aged lungs of nonsmokers, further illustrating that the process of aging is a contributing factor for disease progression (Figure 2) (7, 10, 16).”
From Aging and Lung Disease (2020) · cites this paper as [7]

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Authors: Verbeken, E. K., Cauberghs, M., Mertens, I., Clement, J., Lauweryns, J. M., & Van de Woestijne, K. P.
Affiliations: Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
ORCID: Verbeken, Erik K.
Venue: Chest
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1992-03
Volume: 101
Issue: 3
Pages: 800-809
ISSN: 0012-3692 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1378/chest.101.3.800
OpenAlex: W4252915272
Cited by: 112
References: 43
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
FWCI: 0.94
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: CHEST Journal (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
Keywords: aging, alveolar enlargement, emphysema, lung elasticity, total lung capacity, mean linear intercept, lung function

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