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Hypertriglyceridemia: its etiology, effects and treatment
Open accessAbstract
Elevated plasma triglyceride concentration is a common biochemical finding, but the evidence for the benefit of treating this lipid disturbance remains less robust than that for treating elevated low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Part of the difficulty in the provision of specific recommendations has been the frequent coexistence of elevated triglycerides with other conditions that affect cardiovascular disease risk, such as depressed high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, obesity, metabolic syndrome, proinflammatory and prothrombotic biomarkers, and type 2 diabetes. Recent investigations of outcomes of cardiovascular disease when medications are used to reduce triglyceride levels suggest that, although a net benefit probably exists, both relative and absolute risk reductions seem underwhelming when compared with the benefit of reducing low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels with treatment. However, the totality of evidence suggests that elevated triglyceride levels likely contribute independently to increased risk of cardiovascular disease, although there is no consensus about appropriate target levels. Furthermore, severe hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an increased risk of acute pancreatitis, irrespective of its effect on risk of cardiovascular disease. We review the causes and classification of elevated triglyceride levels, the clinical manifestations of primary hypertriglyceridemia and the management of patients with elevated triglyceride levels.
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“Effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acids, routinely used in pharmacologic doses for treatment of severe HTG, has been inconsistent in patients with FCS.3,[16][17][18]20”
From Familial chylomicronemia syndrome: Bringing to life dietary recommendations throughout the life span (2018) · cites this paper as [17]
In the citing paper
“Of note, prescription omega-3 fatty acids (up to 4 grams per day) have shown inconsistent effectiveness as a treatment for HTG in patients with FCS.3,[16][17][18][19]”
From Familial chylomicronemia syndrome: Bringing to life dietary recommendations throughout the life span (2018) · cites this paper as [17]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Yuan, G., Al-Shali, K. Z., & Hegele, R. A.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Hegele, R. A.
- ORCID
- Hegele, R. A.
- Venue
- Canadian Medical Association Journal
- Publisher
- CMA Impact Inc.
- Published
- 2007-04-10
- Volume
- 176
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1113-1120
- ISSN
- 0820-3946 (ISSN-L)
- 1488-2329
- PMC
- PMC1839776
- OpenAlex
- W1982040758
- Cited by
- 624
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 5.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Canadian Medical Association Journal (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
- Genome Canada
- Ontario Genomics
- Ontario Genomics Institute
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- hypertriglyceridemia, triglyceride-lowering therapy, cardiovascular risk, acute pancreatitis, primary hypertriglyceridemia, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, pro-inflammatory markers
- MeSH terms
- Hypolipidemic Agents, Clofibric Acid, Coronary Artery Disease, Diet, Humans, Niacin, Pancreatitis, Risk Factors, Triglycerides, Hypertriglyceridemia, Weight Loss, Exercise, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
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