Cited by 254Influenza Virus Research StudiesAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesImmune responses and vaccinations

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Obesity Impairs the Adaptive Immune Response to Influenza Virus

Open access

Green, William D., Beck, Melinda A.·2017·Annals of the American Thoracic Society

DOI 10.1513/annalsats.201706-447awPMC PMC5711276

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Influenza, a highly contagious respiratory tract infection, affects millions of adults and children each year. Several high-risk populations include children, the elderly, the immunocompromised, and recently the obese. Given the dramatic rise in obesity over the past few decades, this increased risk for influenza infection poses a serious public health threat because nearly 500 million adults and children worldwide are classified as obese. Obesity impairs the immune response to influenza and influenza vaccination through alterations of the cellular immune system. Compared with vaccinated healthy-weight adults, vaccinated obese adults have twice the risk of influenza or influenza-like illness despite equal serological response to vaccination. This challenges the current standard of protection for influenza and suggests that further vaccination methods or therapeutics are required to combat this virulent respiratory virus.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1513/annalsats.201706-447aw

Cites

33 of 33 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: a pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19·2 million participants.
(2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30054-x · Cited by 5,212
Influenza Virus Transmission Is Dependent on Relative Humidity and Temperature
Lowen, A. C., Mubareka, S., Steel, J., & Palese, P. (2007) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0030151 · Cited by 1,675
Metabolic Regulation of T Lymphocytes
MacIver, N. J., Michalek, R. D., & Rathmell, J. C. (2013) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev-immunol-032712-095956 · Cited by 1,244
T cell metabolism drives immunity
Buck, M. D., O’Sullivan, D., & Pearce, E. L. (2015) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20151159 · Cited by 1,238
Obesity is associated with impaired immune response to influenza vaccination in humans
Sheridan, P. A., Paich, H. A., Handy, J., Karlsson, E. A., Hudgens, M. G., Sammon, A. B., Holland, L., Weir, S. S., Noah, T. L., & Beck, M. A. (2011) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2011.208 · Cited by 605
Self-citation
Obesity and the risk and outcome of infection
Huttunen, R., & Syrjänen, J. (2012) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2012.62 · Cited by 595
The impact of obesity on the immune response to infection
Milner, J. J., & Beck, M. A. (2012) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665112000158 · Cited by 439
Self-citation
A Novel Risk Factor for a Novel Virus: Obesity and 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1)
Louie, J. K., Acosta, M. Y., Samuel, M., Schechter, R., Vugia, D. J., Harriman, K. H., Matyas, B. T., & the California Pandemic (H1N1) Working Group (2011) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciq152 · Cited by 425
Influenza Vaccines for the Future
Lambert, L. C., & Fauci, A. S. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1002842 · Cited by 393
Immune responses to influenza virus infection
Kreijtz, J. H. C. M., Fouchier, R. A. M., & Rimmelzwaan, G. F. (2011) · Virus Research · doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.022 · Cited by 335

Show all 33 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Rolfes, Estimated influenza illnesses, medical visits, hospitalizations, and deaths averted by vaccination in the United States
World Health Organization (WHO), Influenza (seasonal): fact sheet

Sorted by citations

Clinical characteristics and day-90 outcomes of 4244 critically ill adults with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study
COVID-ICU Group on behalf of the REVA Network and the COVID-ICU Investigators (2020) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-020-06294-x · Cited by 913
Obesity and COVID-19 Severity in a Designated Hospital in Shenzhen, China
Cai, Q., Chen, F., Wang, T., Luo, F., Liu, X., Wu, Q., He, Q., Wang, Z., Liu, Y., Liu, L., et al. (2020) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-0576 · Cited by 733
Obesity Is a Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19 Infection
Sattar, N. A., McInnes, I. B., & McMurray, J. J. V. (2020) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.120.047659 · Cited by 706
Enhancing immunity in viral infections, with special emphasis on COVID-19: A review
Jayawardena, R., Sooriyaarachchi, P., Chourdakis, M., Jeewandara, C., & Ranasinghe, P. D. (2020) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.015 · Cited by 589
Nutrition, immunity and COVID-19
Calder, P. C. (2020) · BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health · doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085 · Cited by 612
The impact of nutrition on COVID-19 susceptibility and long-term consequences
Butler, M. J., & Barrientos, R. M. (2020) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.040 · Cited by 562
Quarantine during COVID-19 outbreak: Changes in diet and physical activity increase the risk of cardiovascular disease
Mattioli, A. V., Sciomer, S., Cocchi, C., Maffei, S., & Gallina, S. (2020) · Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2020.05.020 · Cited by 540
Impact of Obesity on Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis, Immune Response, and Evolution
Honce, R., & Schultz‐Cherry, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01071 · Cited by 456
Comorbid diabetes results in immune dysregulation and enhanced disease severity following MERS-CoV infection
Kulcsar, K. A., Coleman, C. M., Beck, S. E., & Frieman, M. B. (2019) · JCI Insight · doi:10.1172/jci.insight.131774 · Cited by 381
Obesity: A critical risk factor in the COVID ‐19 pandemic
Kwok, S., Adam, S., Ho, J. H., Iqbal, Z., Turkington, P. M., Razvi, S., le Roux, C. W., Soran, H., & Syed, A. A. (2020) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12403 · Cited by 264
Positive and Negative Changes in Food Habits, Physical Activity Patterns, and Weight Status during COVID-19 Confinement: Associated Factors in the Chilean Population
Reyes-Olavarría, D., Román, P. Á. L., Guzmán‐Guzmán, I. P., Jerez‐Mayorga, D., Navarrete, F. C., & Delgado‐Floody, P. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17155431 · Cited by 240
COVID-19 and obesity in childhood and adolescence: a clinical review
Nogueira‐de‐Almeida, C. A., Ciampo, L. A. D., Ferraz, I. S., Ciampo, I. R. L. D., Contini, A. A., & Ued, F. D. V. (2020) · Jornal de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.jped.2020.07.001 · Cited by 252
Causal relationship between physical activity, leisure sedentary behaviors and COVID-19 risk: a Mendelian randomization study
Chen, X., Hong, X., Gao, W., Luo, S., Cai, J., Liu, G., & Huang, Y. (2022) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-022-03407-6 · Cited by 233
Obesity in COVID-19 era, implications for mechanisms, comorbidities, and prognosis: a review and meta-analysis
Aghili, S. M. M., Ebrahimpur, M., Arjmand, B., Shadman, Z., Sani, M. P., Qorbani, M., Larijani, B. A., & Payab, M. (2021) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-021-00776-8 · Cited by 246
Association of body mass index (BMI) with critical COVID-19 and in-hospital mortality: A dose-response meta-analysis
Du, Y., Lv, Y., Zha, W., Zhou, N., & Hong, X. (2020) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154373 · Cited by 191
Emerging mechanisms of obesity-associated immune dysfunction
Shaikh, S. R., Beck, M. A., Alwarawrah, Y., & MacIver, N. J. (2023) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-023-00932-2 · Cited by 183
Self-citation
Immunosenescence: signaling pathways, diseases and therapeutic targets
Fu, Y., Wang, B., Alu, A., Hong, W., Hong, L., He, X., Shi, H., Cheng, P., & Yang, X. (2025) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-025-02371-z · Cited by 168
Obesity and COVID-19: Molecular Mechanisms Linking Both Pandemics
Ritter, A., Kreis, N., Louwen, F., & Yuan, J. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21165793 · Cited by 145
Coronavirus disease-2019: A tocsin to our aging, unfit, corpulent, and immunodeficient society
Nieman, D. C. (2020) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2020.05.001 · Cited by 147
Influence of diabetes mellitus on the severity and fatality of SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) infection
Wu, J. Q., Zhang, J., Sun, X., Wang, L., Xu, Y., Zhang, Y., Liu, X., & Dong, C. (2020) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.14105 · Cited by 140
Impact of Obesity in Critical Illness
Anderson, M. R., & Shashaty, M. G. S. (2021) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1016/j.chest.2021.08.001 · Cited by 136
Microenvironmental influences on T cell immunity in cancer and inflammation
Heintzman, D. R., Fisher, E. L., & Rathmell, J. C. (2022) · Cellular and Molecular Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41423-021-00833-2 · Cited by 119
Metabolic Syndrome and COVID 19: Endocrine-Immune-Vascular Interactions Shapes Clinical Course
Bansal, R., Gubbi, S., & Muniyappa, R. (2020) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa112 · Cited by 119
Nutrition and immunity: lessons for COVID-19
Calder, P. C. (2021) · Nutrition and Diabetes · doi:10.1038/s41387-021-00165-0 · Cited by 117
Obesity, the most common comorbidity in SARS-CoV-2: is leptin the link?
Rebello, C. J., Kirwan, J. P., & Greenway, F. L. (2020) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-020-0640-5 · Cited by 109
Associations of BMI with COVID-19 vaccine uptake, vaccine effectiveness, and risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes after vaccination in England: a population-based cohort study
Piernas, C., Patone, M., Astbury, N. M., Gao, M., Sheikh, A., Khunti, K., Shankar‐Hari, M., Dixon, S., Coupland, C. A. C., Aveyard, P. N., et al. (2022) · The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(22)00158-9 · Cited by 104
The untwining of immunosenescence and aging
Xu, W., Wong, G. C. L., Hwang, Y. Y., & Larbi, A. (2020) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-020-00824-x · Cited by 105
Impact of body composition on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: A two-sample multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Freuer, D., Linseisen, J., & Meisinger, C. (2021) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154732 · Cited by 103
Obesity and its impact on COVID-19
de Leeuw, A. J. M., Luttikhuis, M. A. M. O., Wellen, A. C., Müller, C., & Calkhoven, C. F. (2021) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00109-021-02072-4 · Cited by 115
Childhood Obesity: An Updated Review
Leung, A. K. C., Wong, A. H. C., & Hon, K. E. (2022) · Current Pediatric Reviews · doi:10.2174/1573396318666220801093225 · Cited by 110
Nutrition and immunity: lessons for COVID-19
Calder, P. C. (2021) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-021-00949-8 · Cited by 139
Docosahexaenoic acid regulates the formation of lipid rafts: A unified view from experiment and simulation
Wassall, S. R., Leng, X., Canner, S. W., Pennington, E. R., Kinnun, J. J., Cavazos, A. T., Dadoo, S., Johnson, D. J., Heberle, F. A., Katsaras, J., et al. (2018) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.04.016 · Cited by 96
Junk food-induced obesity- a growing threat to youngsters during the pandemic
Ankul Singh, S., Dhanasekaran, D., Ganamurali, N., Preethi, L., & Sabarathinam, S. (2021) · Obesity Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.obmed.2021.100364 · Cited by 86
COVID-19 Pandemic as Risk Factors for Excessive Weight Gain in Pediatrics: The Role of Changes in Nutrition Behavior. A Narrative Review
Cena, H., Fiechtner, L. G., Vincenti, A., Magenes, V. C., Giuseppe, R. D., Manuelli, M. C., Zuccotti, G., & Calcaterra, V. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13124255 · Cited by 93
The Strategy of Boosting the Immune System Under the COVID-19 Pandemic
Alagawany, M. M., Attia, Y. A., Farag, M. R., Elnesr, S. S., Nagadi, S. A., Shafi, M. E., Khafaga, A. F., Ohran, H., Alaqil, A. A., & El-Hack, M. E. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.570748 · Cited by 81
Telehealth: A Useful Tool for the Management of Nutrition and Exercise Programs in Pediatric Obesity in the COVID-19 Era
Calcaterra, V., Verduci, E., Vandoni, M., Rossi, V., Profio, E. D., Pellino, V. C., Tranfaglia, V., Pascuzzi, M. C., Borsani, B., Bosetti, A., et al. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13113689 · Cited by 85
Obesity and covid-19: the role of the food industry
Tan, M., He, F. J., & MacGregor, G. A. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m2237 · Cited by 78
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19–SARS-CoV-2) and Nutrition: Is Infection in Italy Suggesting a Connection?
Cena, H., & Chieppa, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00944 · Cited by 72
Gender differences in predictors of intensive care units admission among COVID-19 patients: The results of the SARS-RAS study of the Italian Society of Hypertension
Iaccarino, G., Grassi, G. M., Borghi, C., Carugo, S., Fallo, F., Ferri, C., Giannattasio, C., Grassi, D., Letizia, C., Mancusi, C., et al. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0237297 · Cited by 69
Towards adult vaccination in India: a narrative literature review
Dash, R., Agrawal, A. K., Nagvekar, V. C., Lele, J., Pasquale, A. D., Kolhapure, S., & Parikh, R. (2019) · Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/21645515.2019.1682842 · Cited by 65
The central role of mitochondrial fitness on antiviral defenses: An advocacy for physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Burtscher, J., Burtscher, M., & Millet, G. P. (2021) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2021.101976 · Cited by 67
The obesity paradox: Analysis from the SMAtteo COvid-19 REgistry (SMACORE) cohort
Biscarini, S., Colaneri, M., Ludovisi, S., Seminari, E. M., Pieri, T. C., Valsecchi, P., Gallazzi, I., Giusti, E. M., Cammà, C., Zuccaro, V., et al. (2020) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.047 · Cited by 62
Immunometabolism: new insights and lessons from antigen-directed cellular immune responses
Ramalho, R., Rao, M., Zhang, C., Agrati, C., Ippolito, G., Wang, F., Zumla, A. I., & Maeurer, M. J. (2020) · Seminars in Immunopathology · doi:10.1007/s00281-020-00798-w · Cited by 63
Overweight and Obesity are Risk Factors of Severe Illness in Patients with COVID‐19
Wang, J., Zhu, L., Liu, L., Zhao, X., Zhang, Z., Xue, L., Yan, X., Huang, S., Li, Y., Cheng, J., et al. (2020) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.22979 · Cited by 58
COVID-19: An overview and a clinical update
Krishnan, A., Hamilton, J. P., Alqahtani, S. A., & Woreta, T. A. (2020) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v9.i1.8 · Cited by 59
Visceral adiposity, subcutaneous adiposity, and severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): Systematic review and meta-analysis
Pranata, R., Lim, M. A., Huang, I., Yonas, E., Henrina, J., Vania, R., Lukito, A. A., Nasution, S. A., Alwi, I., & Siswanto, B. B. (2021) · Clinical Nutrition ESPEN · doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.04.001 · Cited by 56
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine testing and trials in the pediatric population: biologic, ethical, research, and implementation challenges
Cooper, D. M., Afghani, B., Byington, C. L., Cunningham, C. K., Golub, S., Lu, K. D., Radom-Aizik, S., Ross, L. F., Singh, J., Smoyer, W. E., et al. (2021) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-021-01402-z · Cited by 55
The association between obesity and peak antibody titer response in COVID‐19 infection
Soffer, S., Glicksberg, B. S., Zimlichman, E., Efros, O., Levin, M. A., Freeman, R., Reich, D. L., & Klang, E. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23208 · Cited by 48
A spatial sequencing atlas of age-induced changes in the lung during influenza infection
Kasmani, M. Y., Topchyan, P., Brown, A. K., Brown, R. J., Wu, X., Chen, Y., Khatun, A., Alson, D., Wu, Y., Burns, R., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-42021-y · Cited by 55
Possible long-term endocrine-metabolic complications in COVID-19: lesson from the SARS model
Mongioì, L. M., Barbagallo, F., Condorelli, R. A., Cannarella, R., Aversa, A., Vignera, S. L., & Calogero, A. E. (2020) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-020-02349-7 · Cited by 52
COVID‐19 and obesity in childhood and adolescence: a clinical review
Nogueira‐de‐Almeida, C. A., Ciampo, L. A. D., Ferraz, I. S., Ciampo, I. R. L. D., Contini, A. A., & Ued, F. D. V. (2020) · Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) · doi:10.1016/j.jpedp.2020.07.003 · Cited by 50
B cell contribution to immunometabolic dysfunction and impaired immune responses in obesity
Oļeiņika, K., Šlisere, B., Catalán, D., & Rosser, E. C. (2022) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1093/cei/uxac079 · Cited by 54
COVID‐19 vaccines are effective in people with obesity: A position statement from The Obesity Society
Butsch, W. S., Hajduk, A. M., Cardel, M. I., Donahoo, W. T., Kyle, T. K., Stanford, F. C., Zeltser, L. M., Kotz, C. M., & Jastreboff, A. M. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23251 · Cited by 47
Impact of obesity on intensive care outcomes in patients with COVID-19 in Sweden—A cohort study
Sjögren, L., Stenberg, E., Thuccani, M., Martikainen, J., Rylander, C. C., Wallenius, V., Olbers, T., & Kindblom, J. M. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0257891 · Cited by 48
A potential association between obesity and reduced effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccine‐induced neutralizing humoral immunity
Faizo, A. A., Qashqari, F. S., El-Kafrawy, S. A., Barasheed, O., Almashjary, M. N., Alfelali, M., Bawazir, A. A., Albarakati, B. M., Khayyat, S. A., Hassan, A. M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.28130 · Cited by 46
Susceptibility and Severity of Viral Infections in Obesity: Lessons from Influenza to COVID-19. Does Leptin Play a Role?
Guglielmi, V., Colangeli, L., D’Adamo, M., & Sbraccia, P. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22063183 · Cited by 45
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) vaccination recommendations in special populations and patients with existing comorbidities
Afshar, Z. M., Babazadeh, A., Janbakhsh, A., Mansouri, F., Sio, T. T. W., Sullman, M. J. M., Carson‐Chahhoud, K., Hosseinzadeh, R., Barary, M., & Ebrahimpour, S. (2021) · Reviews in Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/rmv.2309 · Cited by 41
Nutritional status impacts dengue virus infection in mice
Chuong, C., Bates, T. A., Akter, S., Werre, S. R., LeRoith, T., & Weger‐Lucarelli, J. (2020) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/s12915-020-00828-x · Cited by 41
COVID-19 and Advanced Practice Registered Nurses: Frontline Update
Dı́ez-Sampedro, A., González, A., Delgado, V., Flowers, M., Maltseva, T., & Olenick, M. (2020) · The Journal for Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2020.06.014 · Cited by 41
Obesity-Driven Deficiencies of Specialized Pro-resolving Mediators May Drive Adverse Outcomes During SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Pal, A., Gowdy, K. M., Oestreich, K. J., Beck, M. A., & Shaikh, S. R. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01997 · Cited by 41
Self-citation
Body Mass Index Effect on Health Service Utilization Among Active Duty Male United States Army Soldiers
Shiozawa, B. J., Madsen, C., Banaag, A. L., Patel, A., & Koehlmoos, T. P. (2019) · Military Medicine · doi:10.1093/milmed/usz032 · Cited by 43
The Interplay of Obesity, Dyslipidemia and Immune Dysfunction: A Brief Overview on Pathophysiology, Animal Models, and Nutritional Modulation
She, Y., Mangat, R., Tsai, S. J., Proctor, S. D., & Richard, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.840209 · Cited by 42
The hidden role of NLRP3 inflammasome in obesity‐related COVID‐19 exacerbations: Lessons for drug repurposing
Bertocchi, I., Foglietta, F., Collotta, D., Eva, C. E., Brancaleone, V., Thiemermann, C., & Collino, M. (2020) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.15229 · Cited by 40
Review of Influenza Virus Vaccines: The Qualitative Nature of Immune Responses to Infection and Vaccination Is a Critical Consideration
Chan, L., Alizadeh, K., Alizadeh, K., Fazel, F., Kakish, J. E., Karimi, N., Knapp, J. P., Mehrani, Y., Minott, J. A., Morovati, S., et al. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9090979 · Cited by 40
Obesity and covid-19: the unseen risks
Syed, A. A., Soran, H., & Adam, S. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m2823 · Cited by 36
From Influenza Virus to Novel Corona Virus (SARS-CoV-2)–The Contribution of Obesity
Bhattacharya, I., Ghayor, C., Domínguez, A. P., & Weber, F. E. (2020) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.556962 · Cited by 38
Implications of inflammatory states on dysfunctional immune responses in aging and obesity
Thomas, A. L., Alarcon, P. C., Divanovic, S., Chougnet, C. A., Hildeman, D. A., & Moreno-Fernandez, M. E. (2021) · Frontiers in Aging · doi:10.3389/fragi.2021.732414 · Cited by 35
Excess body weight is an independent risk factor for severe forms of COVID-19
Pietri, L., Giorgi, R., Bégu, A., Lojou, M., Koubi, M., Cauchois, R., Grangeot, R., Dubois, N., Kaplanski, G., Valéro, R., et al. (2021) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154703 · Cited by 35
Assessing the economic impact of obesity and overweight on employers: identifying opportunities to improve work force health and well-being
Dall, T. M., Sapra, T., Natale, Z., Livingston, T., & Chen, F. (2024) · Nutrition and Diabetes · doi:10.1038/s41387-024-00352-9 · Cited by 46
Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Obesity and T2D: Literature Review
Pérez, J., Ramírez, C. A. P., Cañadas, C., Aguirre, D., Pibaque, R., Bedón-Galarza, R., Sempértegui, F., Drexhage, H. A., & Baldeón, L. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9020102 · Cited by 34
Obesity and Leptin Resistance in the Regulation of the Type I Interferon Early Response and the Increased Risk for Severe COVID-19
Muskiet, F. A. J., Carrera‐Bastos, P., Pruimboom, L., Lucía, A., & Furman, D. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14071388 · Cited by 34
COVID-19 and Fast Foods Consumption: a Review
Bohlouli, J., Moravejolahkami, A. R., Dashti, M. G., Zehi, Z. B., Kermani, M. A. H., Borzoo-Isfahani, M., & Bahreini, N. (2021) · International Journal of Food Properties · doi:10.1080/10942912.2021.1873364 · Cited by 33
Targeting T-cell oxidative metabolism to improve influenza survival in a mouse model of obesity
Alwarawrah, Y., Nichols, A., Green, W. D., Eisner, W., Kiernan, K., Warren, J. L., Hale, L. P., Beck, M. A., & MacIver, N. J. (2020) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-020-00692-3 · Cited by 37
Self-citation
Animal Models Utilized for the Development of Influenza Virus Vaccines
Roubidoux, E. K., & Schultz‐Cherry, S. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9070787 · Cited by 31
COVID-19 Outcomes Among US Military Health System Beneficiaries Include Complications Across Multiple Organ Systems and Substantial Functional Impairment
Richard, S. A., Pollett, S. D., Lanteri, C. A., Millar, E. V., Fries, A. C., Maves, R. C., Utz, G. C., Lalani, T., Smith, A. G., Mody, R. M., et al. (2021) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofab556 · Cited by 31
Multifaceted effects of obesity on cancer immunotherapies: Bridging preclinical models and clinical data
Vick, L. V., Canter, R. J., Monjazeb, A. M., & Murphy, W. J. (2023) · Seminars in Cancer Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.07.004 · Cited by 35
A critical evaluation of risk to reward ratio of quercetin supplementation for COVID ‐19 and associated comorbid conditions
Pawar, A. T., Russo, M., Rani, I., Goswami, K., Russo, G. L., & Pal, A. (2022) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.7461 · Cited by 30
SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike antibody titres after vaccination with BNT162b2 in naïve and previously infected individuals
Lombardi, A., Consonni, D., Oggioni, M., Bono, P., Renteria, S. U., Piatti, A., Pesatori, A. C., Castaldi, S., Muscatello, A., Riboldi, L., et al. (2021) · Journal of Infection and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2021.07.005 · Cited by 28
Obesity worsens the outcome of influenza virus infection associated with impaired type I interferon induction in mice
Namkoong, H., Ishii, M., Fujii, H., Asami, T., Yagi, K., Suzuki, S., Azekawa, S., Tasaka, S., Hasegawa, N., & Betsuyaku, T. (2019) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.211 · Cited by 27
The Collision of Meta-Inflammation and SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Infection
Huizinga, G. P., Singer, B. H., & Singer, K. (2020) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa154 · Cited by 28
Association between body mass index and laboratory-confirmed influenza in middle aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study
Karki, S., Muscatello, D. J., Banks, E., MacIntyre, C. R., McIntyre, P. B., & Liu, B. C. (2018) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-018-0029-x · Cited by 29
Nutritional Impact and Its Potential Consequences on COVID-19 Severity
Mortaz, E., Bezemer, G. F. G., Alipoor, S. D., Varahram, M., Mumby, S. E., Folkerts, G., Garssen, J., & Adcock, I. M. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.698617 · Cited by 30
High-Fat High-Sugar Diet-Induced Changes in the Lipid Metabolism Are Associated with Mildly Increased COVID-19 Severity and Delayed Recovery in the Syrian Hamster
Port, J. R., Adney, D. R., Schwarz, B. H., Schulz, J. E., Sturdevant, D. E., Smith, B. J., Avanzato, V. A., Holbrook, M. G., Purushotham, J. N., Stromberg, K. A., et al. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13122506 · Cited by 28
Adipocyte inflammation and pathogenesis of viral pneumonias: an overlooked contribution
Alarcon, P. C., Damen, M. S. M. A., Madan, R., Deepe, G. S., Spearman, P. W., Way, S. S., & Divanovic, S. (2021) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41385-021-00404-8 · Cited by 28
Correlation between COVID-19 vaccination and diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
He, Y., Ouyang, J., Hu, X.-D., Ni, W., Jiang, Z., Bian, N., & Wang, J. (2023) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v14.i6.892 · Cited by 27
Are Patients Suffering from Severe Obesity Getting a Raw Deal During COVID-19 Pandemic?
Bhasker, A. G., & Greve, J. W. M. (2020) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-020-04677-z · Cited by 26
Seed peptide lunasin ameliorates obesity-induced inflammation and regulates immune responses in C57BL/6J mice fed high-fat diet
Hsieh, C., Wang, Y.-F., Lin, P.-Y., Peng, S., & Chou, M.-J. (2020) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2020.111908 · Cited by 28
Does higher body mass index increase COVID-19 severity? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Chowdhury, A. I., Alam, M. R., Rabbi, M. F., Rahman, T., & Reza, S. (2021) · Obesity Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.obmed.2021.100340 · Cited by 26
Association of body mass index with severity and mortality of COVID-19 pneumonia: a two-center, retrospective cohort study from Wuhan, China
Wu, X., Li, C., Chen, S., Zhang, X., Wang, F., Shi, T., Li, Q., & Lin, L. (2021) · Aging · doi:10.18632/aging.202813 · Cited by 27
Influenza breakthrough infection in vaccinated mice is characterized by non-pathological lung eosinophilia
Chang, L. A., Choi, A., Rathnasinghe, R., Warang, P., Noureddine, M., Jangra, S., Chen, Y., Geest, B. G. D., & Schotsaert, M. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1217181 · Cited by 23
SARS-CoV-2 associated COVID-19 in geriatric population: A brief narrative review
Alzahrani, J. M. (2020) · Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.001 · Cited by 23
Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with diabetes as a factor for vaccine hesitancy
Vasilev, G., Kabakchieva, P., Miteva, D., Batselova, H., & Velikova, T. V. (2022) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v13.i9.738 · Cited by 23
Analysis of Mortality and Morbidity in COVID-19 Patients with Obesity Using Clinical Epidemiological Data from the Korean Center for Disease Control & Prevention
Kim, S. Y., Yoo, D. M., Min, C., Wee, J. H., Kim, J., & Choi, H. G. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17249336 · Cited by 22
COVID-19 Pandemi Süresince İnsanlarda Değişen Beslenme Alışkanlıkları İle Obezite İlişkisi
ÇULFA, S., YILDIRIM, E., & Bayram, B. (2021) · Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.26453/otjhs.798631 · Cited by 21
The Role of Obesity in the Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 Respiratory Disease and Critical Illness
Kuperberg, S. J., & Navetta‐Modrov, B. (2021) · American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1165/rcmb.2020-0236tr · Cited by 22
Seroconversion dynamic and SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in unvaccinated population during the first and second outbreaks in Mexico
Fernández‐Rojas, M. A., Esparza, M. A. L.-R., Campos‐Romero, A., Calva-Espinosa, D. Y., Moreno-Camacho, J. L., Mendlovic, F., Plett-Torres, T., & Alcántar‐Fernández, J. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-09395-3 · Cited by 20
Recent advances in influenza vaccines
Pawelec, G., & McElhaney, J. E. (2020) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.22611.1 · Cited by 20
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Blockers Are Not Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Hospitalization: Study of 1,439 UK Biobank Cases
Raisi‐Estabragh, Z., McCracken, C., Ardissino, M., Bethell, M. S., Cooper, J. A., Cooper, C. C., Harvey, N. C., & Petersen, S. E. (2020) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2020.00138 · Cited by 37
Obesity, a major risk factor for immunity and severe outcomes of COVID-19
Amin, M. T., Fatema, K., Arefin, S., Hussain, F., Bhowmik, D. R., & Hossain, M. S. (2021) · Bioscience Reports · doi:10.1042/bsr20210979 · Cited by 19
Do Diet and Dietary Supplements Mitigate Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19?
Singh, B., Eshaghian, E., Chuang, J., & Covașă, M. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14091909 · Cited by 19

Authors: Green, W. D., & Beck, M. A.
Affiliations: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
Corresponding author: Beck, Melinda A.
ORCID: Green, William D.
Beck, Melinda A.
Venue: Annals of the American Thoracic Society
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2017-11-01
Volume: 14
Issue: Supplement_5
Pages: S406-S409
ISSN: 2325-6621 (ISSN-L)
2329-6933
DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201706-447aw
PMC: PMC5711276
OpenAlex: W2770679757
Cited by: 253
References: 33
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 72 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1
FWCI: 16.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
Locations: Annals of the American Thoracic Society (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
UNC Libraries
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK056350)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
Keywords: obesity, influenza virus, adaptive immune response, influenza vaccination, vaccine response, cell-mediated immunity, influenza-like illness, respiratory infections
MeSH terms: Adult, Animals, Child, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Influenza, Human, Influenza Vaccines, Obesity, Orthomyxoviridae Infections, Risk Factors, Mice, Adaptive Immunity

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Obesity Impairs the Adaptive Immune Response to Influenza Virus

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks