The association between obesity and peak antibody titer response in COVID‐19 infection
Open accessAbstract
Objective: Obesity is associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection. Disease severity is associated with a higher COVID‐19 antibody titer. The COVID‐19 antibody titer response of patients with obesity versus patients without obesity was compared. Methods: The data of individuals tested for COVID‐19 serology at the Mount Sinai Health System in New York City between March 1, 2020, and December 14, 2021, were retrospectively retrieved. The primary outcome was peak antibody titer, assessed as a binary variable (1:2,880, which was the highest detected titer, versus lower than 1:2,880). In patients with a positive serology test, peak titer rates were compared between BMI groups (<18.5, 18.5 to 25, 25 to 30, 30 to 40, and ≥40 kg/m 2). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the independent association between different BMI groups and peak titer. Results: Overall, 39,342 individuals underwent serology testing and had BMI measurements. A positive serology test was present in 12,314 patients. Peak titer rates were associated with obesity (BMI < 18.5 [34.5%], 18.5 to 25 [29.2%], 25 to 30 [37.7%], 30 to 40 [44.7%], ≥40 [52.0%]; p < 0.001). In a multivariable analysis, severe obesity had the highest adjusted odds ratio for peak titer (95% CI: 2.1‐3.0). Conclusion: COVID‐19 neutralizing antibody titer is associated with obesity. This has implications on the understanding of the role of obesity in COVID‐19 severity.
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A recent study found a positive association between SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies and BMI.
“A recent study showed that SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies are positively associated with BMI.21”
From Waning Immune Humoral Response to BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine over 6 Months (2021) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- Soffer, S., Glicksberg, B. S., Zimlichman, E., Efros, O., Levin, M. A., Freeman, R., Reich, D. L., & Klang, E.
- Affiliations
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (IL)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Tel Aviv University (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Soffer, Shelly
- ORCID
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-08-02
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1547-1553
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- PMC
- PMC8242567
- OpenAlex
- W3159398042
- Cited by
- 48
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 3.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, neutralizing antibodies, body mass index, morbid obesity, serology, disease severity, humoral immune response
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, Antibodies, Viral, Humans, Obesity, Retrospective Studies, Logistic Models, Antibodies, Neutralizing
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