Breaking the Social Media Prism: How to Make Our Platforms Less Polarizing
Integrity signals
Registry
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Being corrected could decrease the quality and increase language toxicity in subsequent retweets, even when the corrections came from a bot.
“Studies show being corrected could decrease the quality and increases language toxicity in subsequent retweets [76], even when the corrections came from a bot [5].”
From Synthetic Lies: Understanding AI-Generated Misinformation and Evaluating Algorithmic and Human Solutions (2023) · cites this paper as [5]
Digital media brings individuals into interaction with others outside their local network.
“The parameter γ thus represents a simple way of capturing the empirically observed effect of digital media: digital media means that individuals are brought into interaction with others outside their local network.”
From How digital media drive affective polarization through partisan sorting (2022) · cites this paper as [25]
Digital media do not isolate individuals from opposing ideas; they bring them to interact with individuals outside their local bubble and force them to take sides.
“This literature suggests that digital media do not isolate us from opposing ideas; au contraire, they bring us to interact with individuals outside our local bubble, and they throw us into a political war, in which we are forced to take sides (25–27).”
From How digital media drive affective polarization through partisan sorting (2022) · cites this paper as [25]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
How digital media drive affective polarization through partisan sorting
Törnberg, P. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2207159119 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Zhou, J., Zhang, Y., Luo, Q., Parker, A. G., & De Choudhury, M. (2023) · Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581318 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Cognitive–motivational mechanisms of political polarization in social-communicative contexts
Jost, J. T., Baldassarri, D. S., & Druckman, J. N. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-022-00093-5 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Social Drivers and Algorithmic Mechanisms on Digital Media.
Metzler, H., & Garcia, D. (2024) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/17456916231185057 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Brady, W. J., McLoughlin, K. L., Torres, M. P., Luo, K. F., Gendron, M., & Crockett, M. J. (2023) · Nature Human Behaviour · doi:10.1038/s41562-023-01582-0 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Brüggemann, M., & Meyer, H. (2023) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1093/ct/qtad012 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
How Effective Are Interventions Against Misinformation?
Altay, S. (2022) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/sm3vk · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Learning to Like the Likes and the Hate: The Labor of Internet Fame in the New Attention Economy
Mears, A., & Beauvais, T. (2026) · Social Problems · doi:10.1093/socpro/spaf028 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Algorithmic transparency and assessing effects of algorithmic ranking
Eckles, D. (2022) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/c8za6 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Measuring affective polarization: Matching concepts to measures
Druckman, J. N., Klar, S., Krupnikov, Y., Levendusky, M., & Ryan, J. B. (2026) · Political Psychology · doi:10.1111/pops.70152 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Bail, C.
- Venue
- Princeton University Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Princeton University Press
- Published
- 2021-04-27
- OpenAlex
- W3142511650
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 14.80
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Princeton University Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Communication › Social Media and Politics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Media and Digital Communication
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Misinformation and Its Impacts
- Keywords
- social media, social networking sites, online communication, digital media
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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