Correlation of cortisol in 1-cm hair segment with salivary cortisol in human: hair cortisol as an endogenous biomarker

Acute stressors and cortisol responses: a theoretical integration and synthesis of laboratory research

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State of the art in hair analysis for detection of drug and alcohol abuse

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Analysis of endogenous cortisol concentrations in the hair of rhesus macaques

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Measurement of cortisol in human Hair as a biomarker of systemic exposure

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Human hair follicles display a functional equivalent of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis and synthesize cortisol

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Neuroimmunology of Stress: Skin Takes Center Stage

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From Art to Science

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Elevated content of cortisol in hair of patients with severe chronic pain: A novel biomarker for stress

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Higher cortisol content in hair among long-term unemployed individuals compared to controls

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The relationship between stress and hair cortisol in healthy pregnant women

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Hair Cortisol as a Potential Biologic Marker of Chronic Stress in Hospitalized Neonates

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Mechanisms of Drug Incorporation into Hair

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African hair growth parameters

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Use of hair cortisol analysis to detect hypercortisolism during active drinking phases in alcohol-dependent individuals☆

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Effects of shampoo and water washing on hair cortisol concentrations

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HPLC-FLU detection of cortisol distribution in human hair

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Stress-related and basic determinants of hair cortisol in humans: a meta-analysis

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Analysis of cortisol in hair – State of the art and future directions

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Hair cortisol, stress exposure, and mental health in humans: A systematic review

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Minireview: Hair cortisol: A novel biomarker of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical activity

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Correspondence between hair cortisol concentrations and 30-day integrated daily salivary and weekly urinary cortisol measures

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Correlates of cortisol in human hair: Implications for epidemiologic studies on health effects of chronic stress

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The association between adversity and hair cortisol levels in humans: A meta-analysis

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LC–MS based analysis of endogenous steroid hormones in human hair

Gao, W., Kirschbaum, C., Graß, J., & Tobias Stalder, A. (2015) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.12.022 · Cited by 150 · see citing works

The social ecology of childhood and early life adversity

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Chronic Stress, Hair Cortisol and Depression: A Prospective and Longitudinal Study of Medical Internship

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The relationship between cortisol, stress and psychiatric illness: New insights using hair analysis

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Intercorrelations between serum, salivary, and hair cortisol and child‐reported estimates of stress in elementary school girls

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Understanding preanalytical variables and their effects on clinical biomarkers of oncology and immunotherapy

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Hair cortisol and its potential value as a physiological measure of stress response in human and non-human animals

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Hair Cortisol in Twins: Heritability and Genetic Overlap with Psychological Variables and Stress-System Genes

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Infant hair cortisol: associations with salivary cortisol and environmental context

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Innovations in biological assessments of chronic stress through hair and nail cortisol: Conceptual, developmental, and methodological issues

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Both Hair Cortisol Levels and Perceived Stress Predict Increased Symptoms of Depression: An Exploratory Study in Young Adults

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Exploring the multidimensional complex systems structure of the stress response and its relation to health and sleep outcomes

Engert, V., Kok, B. E., Puhlmann, L. M. C., Stalder, T., Kirschbaum, C., Apostolakou, F., Papanastasopoulou, C., Papassotiriou, I., Pervanidou, P., Chrousos, G. P., et al. (2018) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2018.05.023 · Cited by 55 · see citing works

Temporal features of elevated hair cortisol among earthquake survivors

Gao, W., Zhong, P., Xie, Q., Wang, H., Jin, J., Deng, H., & Lu, Z. (2014) · Psychophysiology · doi:10.1111/psyp.12179 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Concerns regarding hair cortisol as a biomarker of chronic stress in exercise and sport science.

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Intraindividual stability of cortisol and cortisone and the ratio of cortisol to cortisone in saliva, urine and hair

Zhang, Q., Chen, Z., Chen, S., Xu, Y., & Deng, H. (2016) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2016.12.008 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

Investigating individual stress reactivity: High hair cortisol predicts lower acute stress responses

Sandner, M., Lois, G., Streit, F., Zeier, P., Kirsch, P., Wüst, S., & Wessa, M. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104660 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

Hair Cortisol Concentration as a Biomarker of Sleep Quality and Related Disorders

Mlili, N. E., Ahabrach, H., & Cauli, O. (2021) · Life · doi:10.3390/life11020081 · Cited by 50 · see citing works

Intimate partner violence and hair cortisol concentration: A biomarker for HPA axis function

Alhalal, E., & Falatah, R. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104897 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

The interactive association of proximal life stress and cumulative HPA axis functioning with depressive symptoms

Shapero, B. G., Curley, E. E., Black, C. L., & Alloy, L. B. (2019) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22957 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Association between hair cortisol and diurnal basal cortisol levels: A 30-day validation study

Sugaya, N., Izawa, S., Ogawa, N., Shirotsuki, K., & Nomura, S. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104650 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Genetic influences on hormonal markers of chronic hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal function in human hair

Tucker–Drob, E. M., Grotzinger, A. D., Briley, D. A., Engelhardt, L. E., Mann, F. D., Patterson, M. W., Kirschbaum, C., Adam, E. K., Church, J. A., Tackett, J. L., et al. (2017) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716003068 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Correlations of hair level with salivary level in cortisol and cortisone

Zhang, Q., Chen, Z., Chen, S., Yu, T., Wang, J., Wang, W., & Deng, H. (2017) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.037 · Cited by 45 · see citing works

Mindfulness-Based Interventions and the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Axis: A Systematic Review

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Determination, intercorrelation and intraindividual stability of five steroids in hair, saliva and urine among chinese college students

Chen, Z., Zhang, Q., Chen, S., Wang, W., Liu, G., & Deng, H. (2019) · Steroids · doi:10.1016/j.steroids.2019.05.010 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Determination of endogenous corticosterone in rodent’s blood, brain and hair with LC–APCI–MS/MS

Yu, T., Xu, H., Wang, W., Li, S., Chen, Z., & Deng, H. (2015) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.08.035 · Cited by 42 · see citing works

Short‐term and long‐term measures of cortisol in saliva and hair in atypical and non‐atypical depression

Herane-Vives, A., de Angel, V., Papadopoulos, A. S., Wise, T., Chua, K., Strawbridge, R., Castillo, D., Arnone, D., Young, A. H., & Cleare, A. J. (2018) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12852 · Cited by 41 · see citing works

Hair Cortisol and Stressful Life Events Retrospective Assessment in Crack Cocaine Users

Grassi‐Oliveira, R., Pezzi, J. C., Daruy-Filho, L., Viola, T. W., Francke, I. D., Leite, C. E., & Brietzke, E. M. (2012) · The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse · doi:10.3109/00952990.2012.694538 · Cited by 39 · see citing works

Determination of cortisone and cortisol in human scalp hair using an improved LC-MS/MS-based method

Mirzaian, M., van Zundert, S. K. M., Schilleman, W. F., Mohseni, M., Kuckuck, S., van Rossum, E. V., van Schaik, R. V., & van den Berg, S. V. D. (2023) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine · doi:10.1515/cclm-2023-0341 · Cited by 34 · see citing works

The potential of using hair cortisol to measure chronic stress in occupational healthcare; a scoping review

Schaafsma, F. G., Hulsegge, G., de Jong, M., Overvliet, J., van Rossum, E. F. C., & Nieuwenhuijsen, K. (2021) · Journal of Occupational Health · doi:10.1002/1348-9585.12189 · Cited by 36 · see citing works

Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with hair cortisol concentrations in preschool children

Anand, K. J. S., Rovnaghi, C. R., Rigdon, J., Qin, F., Tembulkar, S. K., Murphy, L. E., Barr, D. A., Gotlib, I. H., & Tylavsky, F. A. (2019) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-019-0691-2 · Cited by 35 · see citing works

Children with asthma have significantly lower long‐term cortisol levels in their scalp hair than healthy children

Kamps, A. W. A., Molenmaker, M., Kemperman, R. F. J., van der Veen, B. S., Bocca, G., & Veeger, N. J. G. M. (2014) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.12685 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Not the Root of the Problem—Hair Cortisol and Cortisone Do Not Mediate the Effect of Child Maltreatment on Body Mass Index

Pittner, K., Buisman, R. S. M., van den Berg, L. J. M., Block, L. C.-D., Tollenaar, M. S., Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., van IJzendoorn, M. H., Elzinga, B. M., & Alink, L. R. A. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00387 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Feasibility of Hair Collection for Cortisol Measurement in Population Research on Adolescent Health

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Factors impacting on the action of glucocorticoids in patients receiving glucocorticoid therapy

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Cognitively‐Based Compassion Training for parents reduces cortisol in infants and young children

Poehlmann, J., Engbretson, A. M., Vigna, A. J., Weymouth, L., Burnson, C., Zahn‐Waxler, C., Kapoor, A., Gerstein, E. D., Fanning, K. A., & Raison, C. L. (2019) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/imhj.21831 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Hair testing for cortisol by UPLC–MS/MS in a family: External cross-contamination from use of cortisol cream

Wang, X., Busch, J. R., Banner, J., Línnet, K., & Johansen, S. S. (2019) · Forensic Science International · doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.109968 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Weak and uneven associations of home, neighborhood and school environments with stress hormone output across multiple time scales

Malanchini, M., Engelhardt, L. E., Raffington, L., Sabhlok, A., Grotzinger, A., Briley, D., Madole, J., Freis, S. M., Patterson, M., Harden, K., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv · doi:10.1038/s41380-020-0747-z · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Characteristics of novel hair-based biomarker for the activity assessment of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

Zhang, J., Li, J., Xu, Y., Yang, J., Chen, Z., & Deng, H. (2013) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2013.08.022 · Cited by 27 · see citing works

Associations between objective measures of physical activity, sleep and stress levels among preschool children

Eythorsdottir, D. Y., Frederiksen, P., Larsen, S. C., Olsen, N. J., & Heitmann, B. L. (2020) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-020-02108-7 · Cited by 25 · see citing works

The relationship between 63 days of 24-h urinary free cortisol and hair cortisol levels in 10 healthy individuals

van Ockenburg, S. L., Schenk, H., van der Veen, A., van Rossum, E. F. C., Kema, I. P., & Rosmalen, J. G. M. (2016) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.07.220 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Comparison of methanol and isopropanol as wash solvents for determination of hair cortisol concentration in grizzly bears and polar bears

Kroshko, T., Kapronczai, L., Cattet, M., Macbeth, B. J., Stenhouse, G. B., Obbard, M. E., & Janz, D. M. (2017) · MethodsX · doi:10.1016/j.mex.2017.01.004 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Elevated Hair Cortisol Levels among Heroin Addicts on Current Methadone Maintenance Compared to Controls

Yang, J., Li, J., Xu, G., Zhang, J., Chen, Z., Lu, Z., & Deng, H. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150729 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Examining the relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), cortisol, and inflammation among young adults

Wong, K. E., Wade, T. J., Moore, J., Marcellus, A., Molnar, D. S., O’Leary, D. D., & MacNeil, A. J. (2022) · Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health · doi:10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100516 · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Correlation analysis of cortisol concentration in hair versus concentrations in serum, saliva, and urine

Cieszyński, Ł., Jendrzejewski, J., Wiśniewski, P., Kłosowski, P., & Sworczak, K. (2020) · Endokrynologia Polska · doi:10.5603/ep.a2020.0058 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Endocannabinoid and perceived stress: Association analysis of endocannabinoid levels in hair versus levels in plasma and urine

Barba, S. V., Kirschbaum, C., & Gao, W. (2023) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108541 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Association between Environmental Exposure to Multiclass Organic Pollutants and Sex Steroid Hormone Levels in Women of Reproductive Age

Peng, F., Palazzi, P., Mezzache, S., Adelin, É., Bourokba, N., Bastien, P., & Appenzeller, B. M. R. (2023) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.3c06095 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Measurement of cortisol and cortisone in children's hair using ultra performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

Vanaelst, B., Rivet, N., Huybrechts, I., Ludes, B., Henauw, S. D., & Raul, J. (2013) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/c3ay26570f · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Comparison of short-term (saliva) and long-term (hair) cortisol levels in out-patients with melancholic and non-melancholic major depression

Herane-Vives, A., Young, A. H., Wise, T., Aguirre, J. M., de Angel, V., Arnone, D., Papadopoulos, A. S., & Cleare, A. J. (2020) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2020.8 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Study on dissolution mechanism of cortisol and cortisone from hair matrix with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Xue, X., Zheng, C., Li, J., Jing, Z., Deng, H., & Lu, Z. (2013) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2013.02.035 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Associations between antenatal prednisone exposure and long-term cortisol and cortisone concentrations in children born to women with rheumatoid arthritis: results from a nationwide prospective cohort study

Ince‐Askan, H., van den Akker, E. L. T., de Rijke, Y. B., van Rossum, E. F. C., Hazes, J. M. W., & Dolhain, R. J. E. M. (2019) · RMD Open · doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000852 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Simultaneous measurements of cortisol and cortisone in urine and hair for the assessment of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity among methadone maintenance treatment patients with LC-ESI–MS/MS

Chen, Z., Li, J., Xu, G., Yang, J., Zhang, J., & Deng, H. (2014) · Journal of Chromatography B · doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.001 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Measuring Earwax Cortisol Concentration using a non-stressful sampling method

Herane-Vives, A., Ortega, L., Sandoval, R., Young, A. H., Cleare, A. J., Espinoza, S., Hayes, A., & Benöhr, J. (2020) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05124 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Sex-specific associations between person and environment-related childhood adverse events and levels of cortisol and DHEA in adolescence

van Dammen, L., de Rooij, S. R., Behnsen, P., & Huizink, A. C. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0233718 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Longitudinal association between saliva and hair cortisol concentration: A systematic comparison

Solorzano, C. S., Serwinski, B., Grano, C., & Steptoe, A. (2023) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106340 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Assessment of Chronic Stress: Comparison of Hair Biomarkers and Allostatic Load Indices

Wippert, P., Honold, J., Wang, V., & Kirschbaum, C. (2014) · Journal of Psychology Research · doi:10.17265/2159-5542/2014.07.001 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Childhood trauma and hair cortisol response over the year following onset of a chronic life event stressor

Marsland, A. L., Jones, E., Reed, R. G., Walsh, C. P., Natale, B. N., Lindsay, E. K., & Ewing, L. J. (2024) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107039 · Cited by 18 · see citing works

Associations of schizophrenia with the activities of the HPA and HPG axes and their interactions characterized by hair-based biomarkers

Qi, D., Wang, W., Chu, L., Wu, Y., Wang, W., Zhu, M., Yuan, L., Gao, W., & Deng, H. (2024) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107049 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Hair cortisol levels and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Chinese adolescents: Comparison between incarcerated and community populations

Xu, Y., Li, J., Xie, Q., & Deng, H. (2018) · PsyCh Journal · doi:10.1002/pchj.248 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

Hormonal profile changes induced by pesticide mixture exposure in female rats revealed by hair analysis

Peng, F., Palazzi, P., Viguié, C., & Appenzeller, B. M. R. (2022) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135059 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

A cohort study on the association between changing occupational stress, hair cortisol concentration, and hypertension

Wang, J., Zhu, L., Song, L., Zhou, Z., Chan, W., Li, G., Zhou, L., Xiao, J. J., & Lian, Y. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0285623 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Endocannabinoids, endocannabinoid-like compounds and cortisone in head hair of health care workers as markers of stress and resilience during the early COVID-19 pandemic

Biener, I., Mueller, T. T., Lin, J., Bao, H., Steffen, J., Hoerl, M., Biere, K., Matzel, S., Woehrle, T., König, S., et al. (2024) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-024-02771-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Academic stress, hair and saliva cortisol, and their relationship with body mass index and fat percentage in first year medical students

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Hair cortisol is a physiological indicator of training stress for female footballers

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The Determination of Endogenous Steroids in Hair and Fur: A Systematic Review of Methodologies.

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Measuring suffering

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VALIDATION OF A NEW METHOD TO ASSESS THE LONG-TERM HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL ACTIVITY USING HAIR GLUCOCORTICOIDS AS BIOMARKERS.

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Mayores concentraciones de cortisol, biomarcador de estrés, en residentes de comunas con menor índice de calidad de vida urbana

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Intergenerational embodiment of stress : how the broader sociocultural environment can shape child growth and development

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Application of hair HPG axis hormone levels before onset in predicting the risk of stroke

Yang, J., Li, S., Li, X., Wang, T., Deng, H., Jia, Y., & Meng, D. (2025) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2025.1595429

Longitudinal association between saliva and hair cortisol concentration: A systematic comparison

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Measurement of cortisol in human Hair as a biomarker of systemic exposure

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