The effects of ozone exposure and associated injury mechanisms on the central nervous system

Martínez-Lazcano, Juan Carlos; González-Guevara, Edith; del Carmen Rubio, María; Franco-Pérez, Javier; Custodio, Verónica; Hernández-Cerón, Miguel; Livera, Carlos; Paz, Carlos

doi:10.1515/revneuro-2012-0084

Cited by 94Air Quality and Health ImpactsIndoor Air Quality and Microbial ExposurePlant responses to elevated CO2

The effects of ozone exposure and associated injury mechanisms on the central nervous system

Martínez-Lazcano, Juan Carlos, González-Guevara, Edith, del Carmen Rubio, María, Franco-Pérez, Javier, Custodio, Verónica, Hernández-Cerón, Miguel, Livera, Carlos, Paz, Carlos·2013·Reviews in the Neurosciences

DOI 10.1515/revneuro-2012-0084

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Abstract

Ozone (O3) is a component of photochemical smog, which is a major air pollutant and demonstrates properties that are harmful to health because of the toxic properties that are inherent to its powerful oxidizing capabilities. Environmental O3 exposure is associated with many symptoms related to respiratory disorders, which include loss of lung function, exacerbation of asthma, airway damage, and lung inflammation. The effects of O3 are not restricted to the respiratory system or function - adverse effects within the central nervous system (CNS) such as decreased cognitive response, decrease in motor activity, headaches, disturbances in the sleep-wake cycle, neuronal dysfunctions, cell degeneration, and neurochemical alterations have also been described; furthermore, it has also been proposed that O3 could have epigenetic effects. O3 exposure induces the reactive chemical species in the lungs, but the short half-life of these chemical species has led some authors to attribute the injurious mechanisms observed within the lungs to inflammatory processes. However, the damage to the CNS induced by O3 exposure is not well understood. In this review, the basic mechanisms of inflammation and activation of the immune system by O3 exposure are described and the potential mechanisms of damage, which include neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and the signs and symptoms of disturbances within the CNS caused by environmental O3 exposure are discussed.

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Deleterious effects of ozone exposure on the central nervous system are emerging.
“Additionally, deleterious effects of ozone exposure on the central nervous system (CNS) are emerging (64, 65).”
From Ozone pollution: A Major health hazard worldwide (2019) · cites this paper as [64]

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Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases
Schraufnagel, D. E., Balmes, J. R., Cowl, C. T., Matteis, S. D., Jung, S., Mortimer, K. J., Pérez‐Padilla, R., Rice, M. B., Riojas‐Rodríguez, H., Sood, A., et al. (2018) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1016/j.chest.2018.10.041 · Cited by 860 · see citing works
Ozone pollution: A Major health hazard worldwide
Zhang, J. (., Wei, Y., & Fang, Z. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.02518 · Cited by 828 · see citing works
Air Pollution and Noncommunicable Diseases
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New Look at BTEX: Are Ambient Levels a Problem?
Bolden, A. L., Kwiatkowski, C. F., & Colborn, T. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es505316f · Cited by 458 · see citing works
An Ensemble Learning Approach for Estimating High Spatiotemporal Resolution of Ground-Level Ozone in the Contiguous United States
Réquia, W. J., Di, Q., Silvern, R. F., Kelly, J. T., Koutrakis, P., Mickley, L. J., Sulprizio, M. P., Amini, H., Shi, L., & Schwartz, J. D. (2020) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c01791 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Inhaled ozone (O3)-induces changes in serum metabolomic and liver transcriptomic profiles in rats
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Air Pollution and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Fu, P., & Yung, K. K. L. (2020) · Journal of Alzheimer's Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-200483 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Neuroendocrine Regulation of Air Pollution Health Effects: Emerging Insights
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Ozone Exposure Triggers Insulin Resistance Through Muscle c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activation
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Alzheimer’s disease: the role of extrinsic factors in its development, an investigation of the environmental enigma
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Long-term ozone exposure and cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults: A cohort study
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Tropospheric Ozone: A Critical Review of the Literature on Emissions, Exposure, and Health Effects
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Exposure to ozone induces a systemic inflammatory response: possible source of the neurological alterations induced by this gas
González‐Guevara, E., Martínez‐Lazcano, J. C., Custodio, V., Hernández‐Cerón, M., Rubio, C., & Paz, C. (2014) · Inhalation Toxicology · doi:10.3109/08958378.2014.922648 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Self-citation
Unraveling the ozone impact and oxidative stress on the nervous system
Rodríguez, P. M., López-Landa, A., Parra, H. R., Rubio‐Osornio, M., & Rubio, C. (2024) · Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.tox.2024.153973 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Chronic ozone exposure induces hippocampal microglia activation by microbial dysbiosis in rat lungs
Yang, Q., Cao, X., Li, S., Yang, X., Bai, P., Yan, Y., Qi, C., Deng, Z., Wu, B., & Song, B. (2025) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118393 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Ozone-induced cognitive deficits are mediated by the liver–brain axis: peripheral complement C3 triggers microglial synaptic phagocytosis
Wang, Y., Qi, H., Dong, W., Chen, Y., Nisubire, D., Zeng, Y., & Li, J. (2026) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-026-03746-x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Ozone produces functional deficits in the rat visual pathway
Custodio-Ramı́rez, V., & Paz, C. (1997) · Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials Section · doi:10.1016/s0168-5597(97)00012-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Martínez-Lazcano, J. C., González-Guevara, E., del Carmen Rubio, M., Franco-Pérez, J., Custodio, V., Hernández-Cerón, M., Livera, C., & Paz, C.
Affiliations: Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (MX)
Corresponding author: Paz, Carlos
ORCID: Paz, Carlos
Venue: Reviews in the Neurosciences
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Published: 2013-01-01
Volume: 24
Issue: 3
Pages: 337-52
ISSN: 0334-1763 (ISSN-L)
2191-0200
DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2012-0084
OpenAlex: W2314264904
Cited by: 94
References: 166
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5
FWCI: 0.39
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Reviews in the Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Air Quality and Health Impacts
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Indoor Air Quality and Microbial Exposure
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant responses to elevated CO2
Keywords: ozone exposure, central nervous system toxicity, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, photochemical smog, air pollution, cognitive impairment, sleep-wake cycle disturbance, epigenetic effects, immune activation, lung inflammation, neurodegeneration
MeSH terms: Air Pollutants, Animals, Environmental Exposure, Humans, Nervous System, Oxidants, Photochemical, Ozone, Pneumonia

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The effects of ozone exposure and associated injury mechanisms on the central nervous system

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