Pharmacotherapy of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: review of evidence-based practices and future directions
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in children and adolescents with well-known clinical consequences and functional outcomes that affect individuals throughout their lifespan. The diagnosis of adult ADHD is often a clinical diagnosis made on the basis of behavioral symptoms that begin early in life, and persist over time across different settings. OBJECTIVE: Although pharmacotherapy is a first-line treatment option for ADHD across all age groups, there is a relative paucity of well-designed and well-controlled studies evaluating the treatment outcomes in adult ADHD. In this review, evidence-based pharmacotherapy of adult ADHD and directions of future research are critically examined. METHODS: A literature search from 1980 to 2007, restricting papers to English, using PUBMED and PsychInfo was performed. Studies were examined based on empirically derived criteria. RESULTS: The reviewed body of evidence strongly supports the use of pharmacotherapy as a first-line therapeutic option for the treatment of adults with ADHD.
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Common side effects of stimulants include headache, appetite suppression, nausea, dry mouth, mood fluctuations, difficulty sleeping, jitteriness, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure.
“Common side effects of stimulants include headache, appetite suppression, nausea, dry mouth, mood fluctuations, difficulty sleeping, jitteriness, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure [116].”
From Adult ADHD and comorbid disorders: clinical implications of a dimensional approach (2017) · cites this paper as [116]
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Adult ADHD and comorbid disorders: clinical implications of a dimensional approach
Katzman, M. A., Bilkey, T. S., Chokka, P. R., Fallu, A., & Klassen, L. J. (2017) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-017-1463-3 · Cited by 732 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Tcheremissine, O. V., & Salazar, J. O.
- Affiliations
- Carolinas Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2008-05-12
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1299-1310
- ISSN
- 1465-6566 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-7666
- OpenAlex
- W2093763764
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2023: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Pharmacology and Obesity Treatment
- Keywords
- adult ADHD, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, pharmacotherapy, stimulant medication, first-line therapy, treatment outcomes, evidence-based practice
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Central Nervous System Agents, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Evidence-Based Medicine
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