The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system as a biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignancies

Su, Shih-Chi; Lin, Chiao-Wen; Yang, Wei-En; Fan, Wen-Lang; Yang, Shun-Fa

doi:10.1517/14728222.2016.1113260

Cited by 145Protease and Inhibitor MechanismsBlood Coagulation and Thrombosis MechanismsTGF-β signaling in diseases

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system as a biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignancies

Su, Shih-Chi, Lin, Chiao-Wen, Yang, Wei-En, Fan, Wen-Lang, Yang, Shun-Fa·2016·Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

DOI 10.1517/14728222.2016.1113260

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) system, comprising the serine protease uPA, its cognate receptor, uPAR, and two endogenous inhibitors, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2), is a key player in the break-down of extracellular matrix (ECM) and basement membrane. Elevated expression of uPA and uPAR is observed in numerous cancer types and associated with poor prognosis. AREAS COVERED: In addition to the aberrant expression during tumor development, the components of uPA system are functionally involved in various processes that are prerequisite for cancer progression. These processes include, but not limited to, ECM degradation, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, adhesion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. All of these findings implicate uPA system as a target for cancer treatment. Thus, therapeutic agents and approaches to targeting the constituents of uPA system, mainly at their expression level and biological activities, have been extensively used in antineoplastic investigations. EXPERT OPINION: Because of promising results obtained from previous preclinical studies, several clinical trials aimed at inhibiting the expression or function of uPA/uPAR have been completed or are ongoing. In these trials, favorable outcomes in reducing metastatic spread and extending the lifespan of cancer patients have been reported, and no severe adverse events were observed.

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Unlike normal tissues, uPA and uPAR levels are constitutively increased in majority of cancer types.
“Unlike normal tissues, uPA and uPAR levels are constitutively increased in majority of cancer types.153,154”
From Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy (2023) · cites this paper as [154]

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PTEN expression in endothelial cells is down-regulated by uPAR to promote angiogenesis
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Computer Aided Identification of Small Molecules Disrupting uPAR/α5β1- Integrin Interaction: A New Paradigm for Metastasis Prevention
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Inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis by ATF-Fc, an engineered antibody targeting urokinase receptor
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Characterization of the activation of pro-urokinase by thermolysin
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A novel plasmin-inhibitor inhibits the growth of human tumor xenografts and decreases metastasis number.
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cDNA Transfection of Amino-Terminal Fragment of Urokinase Efficiently Inhibits Cancer Cell Invasion and Metastasis
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Interferons and retinoids enhance and dexamethasone suppresses urokinase-mediated plasminogen activation in promyelocytic leukemia cells
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High Level Synthesis of Recombinant Soluble Urokinase Receptor (CD87) by Ovarian Cancer Cells Reduces Intraperitoneal Tumor Growth and Spread in Nude Mice
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Different Mechanisms Contribute to Simultaneous Inhibition of Urokinase and Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activators by Glucocorticoids in Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cells
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Smart nanoparticles for cancer therapy
Sun, L., Liu, H., Ye, Y., Lei, Y., Islam, R., Tan, S., Tong, R., Miao, Y.-B., & Cai, L. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01642-x · Cited by 1,073 · see citing works
Multifaceted Role of the Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (uPA) and Its Receptor (uPAR): Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Applications
Mahmood, N., Mihalcioiu, C., & Rabbani, S. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2018.00024 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
LILRB4 signalling in leukaemia cells mediates T cell suppression and tumour infiltration
Deng, M., Gui, X., Kim, J., Xie, L., Chen, W., Li, Z., He, L., Chen, Y., Chen, H., Luo, W., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0615-z · Cited by 305 · see citing works
Systematic review and analysis of human proteomics aging studies unveils a novel proteomic aging clock and identifies key processes that change with age
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Traditional Chinese medicine formulas, extracts, and compounds promote angiogenesis
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TIMP-3 as a therapeutic target for cancer
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MicroRNA-193a-3p suppresses the colorectal cancer cell proliferation and progression through downregulating the PLAU expression
Lin, M., Zhang, Z., Gao, M., Yu, H., Sheng, H., & Huang, J. (2019) · Cancer Management and Research · doi:10.2147/cmar.s208233 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The Microenvironment of Pituitary Tumors—Biological and Therapeutic Implications
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PLAU Promotes Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Chen, G., Sun, J., Xie, M., Yu, S., Tang, Q., & Chen, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.651882 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Association of predicted pathogenic mutations in mitochondrial ND genes with distant metastasis in NSCLC and colon cancer
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The Role of Cathepsin B in Pathophysiologies of Non-tumor and Tumor tissues: A Systematic Review
Wang, J., Zheng, M., Yang, X., Zhou, X., & Zhang, S. (2023) · Journal of Cancer · doi:10.7150/jca.86531 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Biological and Therapeutic Implications of the Tumor Microenvironment in Pituitary Adenomas
Ilie, M. D., Vasiljevic, A., Bertolino, P., & Raverot, G. (2022) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnac024 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Three-finger proteins from the Ly6/uPAR family: Functional diversity within one structural motif
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The Urokinase Plasminogen Activator System in Human Cancers: An Overview of Its Prognostic and Predictive Role
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Kaempferol inhibits the cell migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by suppressing MMP ‐9 and Akt signaling
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Integrated genomic analyses of lung squamous cell carcinoma for identification of a possible competitive endogenous RNA network by means of TCGA datasets
Ning, P., Wu, Z., Hu, A., Li, X., He, J., Gong, X., Xia, Y., Shang, Y., & Bian, H. (2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.4254 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
MMP-11 promoted the oral cancer migration and FAK/Src activation
Hsin, C., Chou, Y., Yang, S., Su, S., Chuang, Y., Lin, S., & Lin, C. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.15824 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
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Tumor grafted – chick chorioallantoic membrane as an alternative model for biological cancer research and conventional/nanomaterial-based theranostics evaluation
Mapanao, A. K., Che, P. P., Sarogni, P., Sminia, P., Giovannetti, E., & Voliani, V. (2021) · Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology · doi:10.1080/17425255.2021.1879047 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The microRNA-15a-PAI-2 axis in cholangiocarcinoma-associated fibroblasts promotes migration of cancer cells
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Overexpression of carbonic anhydrase IX induces cell motility by activating matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Yang, J., Lin, C., Hsieh, Y., Chien, M., Chuang, C., & Yang, S. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.20236 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
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Global transcriptomic analysis identifiesSERPINE1as a prognostic biomarker associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancer
Bodong, X., Bai, Z., Yin, J., & Zhang, Z. (2019) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.7091 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Andrographolide suppresses the migratory ability of human glioblastoma multiforme cells by targeting ERK1/2-mediated matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression
Yang, S.-L., Kuo, F.-H., Chen, P., Hsieh, Y., Yu, N., Yang, W., Hsieh, M.-J., & Yang, S. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.22407 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
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Geraniin inhibits oral cancer cell migration by suppressing matrix metalloproteinase‐2 activation through the FAK/Src and ERK pathways
Yeh, C., Hsieh, M., Yang, J., Yang, S., Chuang, Y., Su, S., Liang, M., Chen, M., & Lin, C. (2019) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22809 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
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Tricetin inhibits human osteosarcoma cells metastasis by transcriptionally repressing MMP-9 via p38 and Akt pathways
Chang, P.-Y., Hsieh, M., Hsieh, Y., Chen, P., Yang, J., Lo, F.-C., Yang, S., & Lu, K. (2016) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22380 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
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Antimetastatic potentials of salvianolic acid A on oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting MMP‐2 and the c‐Raf/MEK/ERK pathway
Fang, C., Wu, C., Chen, P., Chang, Y., Chuang, C., Lai, C.-T., Yang, S., & Tsai, L. (2018) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22542 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
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Irshad, S., Siddiqui, B., Rehman, A. U., Farooq, R. K., & Ahmed, N. (2020) · International Journal of Polymeric Materials · doi:10.1080/00914037.2020.1848829 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Proteolysis is the most fundamental property of malignancy and its inhibition may be used therapeutically (Review)
Wyganowska‐Świątkowska, M., Tarnowski, M., Murtagh, D. S., Skrzypczak‐Jankun, E., & Jankun, J. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.3892/ijmm.2018.3983 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Exosomes of adult human fibroblasts cultured on 3D silk fibroin nonwovens intensely stimulate neoangiogenesis
Hu, P. C., Chiarini, A., Wu, J., Freddi, G., Nie, K., Armato, U., & Prà, I. D. (2021) · Burns & Trauma · doi:10.1093/burnst/tkab003 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Hispolon suppresses migration and invasion of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by inhibiting the urokinase‐plasminogen activator through modulation of the Akt signaling pathway
Ho, H., Ho, Y., Hsieh, M., Yang, S., Chuang, C., Lin, C., & Hsin, C. (2016) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22266 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
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Tricetin suppresses human oral cancer cell migration by reducing matrix metalloproteinase‐9 expression through the mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathway
Chung, T., Chuang, C., Teng, Y., Hsieh, M., Lai, J., Chuang, Y., Chen, M., & Yang, S. (2017) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22452 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
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Melatonin as a potential inhibitory agent in head and neck cancer
Yeh, C.-M., Su, S., Lin, C., Yang, W., Chien, M., Reiter, R. J., & Yang, S. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.20079 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
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Vascular abnormalities and development of hypoxia in microscopic melanoma xenografts
Gaustad, J., Simonsen, T. G., Andersen, L. M. K., & Rofstad, E. K. (2017) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-017-1347-9 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The emerging role of EGFL6 in angiogenesis and tumor progression
Kang, J., Wang, J., Tian, J., Shi, R., Jia, H., & Wang, Y. (2020) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.45129 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A functional variant at the miRNA binding site in HMGB1 gene is associated with risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Lin, C., Chou, Y., Yeh, C., Yang, S., Chuang, C., & Liu, Y. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.16120 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
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Prognostic Significance and Gene Co-Expression Network of PLAU and PLAUR in Gliomas
Li, J., Fan, H., Zhou, X., Xiang, Y., & Liu, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.602321 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Construction of Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor-Targeted Heterostructures for Efficient Photothermal Chemotherapy against Cervical Cancer To Achieve Simultaneous Anticancer and Antiangiogenesis
Hu, X., Chetry, M., He, L., You, Y., Chang, Y., Wang, J., Chen, T., & Zhu, X. (2019) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.9b15751 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Dihydromyricetin suppresses cell metastasis in human osteosarcoma through SP-1- and NF-κB-modulated urokinase plasminogen activator inhibition
Chou, C., Lu, K., Yang, J., Hsieh, Y., Lin, C., & Yang, S. (2021) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153642 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
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Basing on uPAR-binding fragment to design chimeric antigen receptors triggers antitumor efficacy against uPAR expressing ovarian cancer cells
Wang, L., Yang, R., Zhao, L., Zhang, X., Xu, T., & Cui, M. (2019) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109173 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Development of a Biomimetic Chondroitin Sulfate-modified Hydrogel to Enhance the Metastasis of Tumor Cells
Liu, Y., Wang, S., Sun, D., Liu, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Liu, C., Wu, H., Lv, Y., Ren, Y., et al. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep29858 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Host-directed therapies targeting the tuberculosis granuloma stroma
Hortle, E., & Oehlers, S. H. (2020) · Pathogens and Disease · doi:10.1093/femspd/ftaa015 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Structural Diversity and Dynamics of Human Three-Finger Proteins Acting on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors
Paramonov, A. S., Kocharovskaya, M. V., Tsarev, A. V., Kulbatskii, D. S., Loktyushov, E. V., Shulepko, M. A., Kirpichnikov, M. P., Lyukmanova, E. N., & Shenkarev, Z. O. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21197280 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
New insight into ischemic stroke: Circadian rhythm in post-stroke angiogenesis
Zhang, Y., Liu, L., Zhao, X., Yan, S., Zeng, F., & Zhou, D. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.927506 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Kaempferol suppresses cell migration through the activation of the ERK signaling pathways in ARPE‐19 cells
Chien, H., Wang, K., Chang, Y., Hsieh, Y., Yu, N., Yang, S., & Lin, H. (2018) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22686 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
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Crystal structure and cellular functions of uPAR dimer
Yu, S., Sui, Y., Wang, J., Li, Y., Li, H., Cao, Y., Chen, L., Jiang, L., Yuan, C., & Huang, M. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29344-y · Cited by 25 · see citing works
PLAU is associated with cell migration and invasion and is regulated by transcription factor YY1 in cervical cancer
Gao, Y., Ma, X., Lu, H., Xu, P., & Xu, C. (2022) · Oncology Reports · doi:10.3892/or.2022.8462 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Antimetastatic effects of Eclipta prostrata extract on oral cancer cells
Liao, M.-Y., Chuang, C., Hsieh, M., Chou, Y., Lin, C., Chen, W., Lai, C.-T., Chen, M., & Yang, S. (2018) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22577 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
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circPSD3 is a promising inhibitor of uPA system to inhibit vascular invasion and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Xu, L., Wang, P., Li, L., Li, L., Huang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zheng, X., Yi, P., Zhang, M., & Xu, M. (2023) · Molecular Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12943-023-01882-z · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Targeted proteomics driven verification of biomarker candidates associated with breast cancer aggressiveness
Procházková, I., Lenčo, J., Fucikova, A. M., Dresler, J., Čápková, L., Hrstka, R., Nenutil, R., & Bouchal, P. (2017) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics · doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2017.02.012 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
High Level of Plasma EGFL6 Is Associated with Clinicopathological Characteristics in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Chuang, C., Chen, M., Hsieh, M., Yeh, C., Lin, C., Yang, W., Yang, S.-F., & Chou, Y. (2017) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.18555 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
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Dual Stem Cell Therapy Improves the Myocardial Recovery Post-Infarction through Reciprocal Modulation of Cell Functions
Popescu, S., Preda, M. B., Marinescu, C. I., Simionescu, M., & Burlacu, A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22115631 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Anti-osteoblastogenic, pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effect of extracellular vesicles isolated from the human osteosarcoma cell line MNNG/HOS
Ucci, A., Cappariello, A., Ponzetti, M., Tennant, F., Loftus, A. E. P., Shefferd, K., Maurizi, A., Monache, S. D., Teti, A. M., & Rucci, N. (2021) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2021.116130 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Rubus idaeusInhibits Migration and Invasion of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells by Suppression of MMP-2 through Modulation of the ERK1/2 Pathway
Hsin, C., Huang, C., Chen, P., Hsieh, Y., Yang, S., Ho, Y., & Lin, C. (2017) · The American Journal of Chinese Medicine · doi:10.1142/s0192415x17500847 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
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Plasminogen activator, urokinase enhances the migration, invasion, and proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by activating the Src/ERK pathway
Ding, Y., Niu, W., Zheng, X., Zhou, C., Wang, G., Feng, Y., & Yu, B. (2022) · Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology · doi:10.21037/jgo-22-1215 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Inhibitory effects of Leucaena leucocephala on the metastasis and invasion of human oral cancer cells
Chung, H., Chen, M., Chang, Y., Yang, S., Lin, C., & Lin, C. (2017) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22399 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
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Antimetastatic effects ofRheum palmatumL. extract on oral cancer cells
Chen, Y.-Y., Hsieh, M., Hsieh, Y., Chang, Y., Chen, P., Yang, S., Ho, H., Chou, Y., & Lin, C. (2017) · Environmental Toxicology · doi:10.1002/tox.22444 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
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Development of AE147 Peptide-Conjugated Nanocarriers for Targeting uPAR-Overexpressing Cancer Cells
Park, J. Y., Shin, Y., Won, W. R., Lim, C., Kim, J. C., Kang, K., Husni, P., Lee, E. S., Youn, Y. S., & Oh, K. T. (2021) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s315619 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Abnormalities in alternative splicing of angiogenesis-related genes and their role in HIV-related cancers
Mthembu, N. N., Mbita, Z., Hull, R., & Dlamini, Z. (2017) · HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care · doi:10.2147/hiv.s124911 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Exploration of pro-apoptotic effect of Thymoquinone on oral squamous cell carcinoma cells through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
Ren, X., & Luo, W. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Biology · doi:10.14715/cmb/2019.65.1.11 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Human Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts Co-Cultured on Silk Fibroin Scaffolds Exosomally Overrelease Angiogenic and Growth Factors
Hu, P., Armato, U., Freddi, G., Chiarini, A., & Prà, I. D. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12141827 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor inhibits apoptosis in triple-negative breast cancer through miR-17/20a suppression of death receptors 4 and 5
Li, X., Wu, B., Chen, L., Ju, Y., Li, C., & Meng, S. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.20435 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Human Three-Finger Protein Lypd6 Is a Negative Modulator of the Cholinergic System in the Brain
Kulbatskii, D. S., Shenkarev, Z. O., Bychkov, M. L., Loktyushov, E. V., Shulepko, M. A., Koshelev, S. G., Povarov, I. S., Popov, A., Peigneur, S., Chugunov, A. O., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.662227 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Plasma Levels of Endothelial Cell-Specific Molecule-1 as a Potential Biomarker of Oral Cancer Progression
Yang, W., Hsieh, M., Lin, C., Kuo, C.-Y., Yang, S., Chuang, C., & Chen, M. (2017) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.20414 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
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Transcriptomic pathway analysis of urokinase receptor silenced breast cancer cells: a microarray study
Narayanaswamy, P. B., Baral, T. K., Haller, H. G., Dumler, I., Acharya, K. K., & Kiyan, Y. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.21351 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Depletion of Ras Suppressor-1 (RSU-1) promotes cell invasion of breast cancer cells through a compensatory upregulation of a truncated isoform
Gkretsi, V., Kalli, M., Efstathiades, C., Papageorgis, P., Papanikolaou, V., Zacharia, L. C., Tsezou, A., Athanassiou, E., & Stylianopoulos, T. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46575-0 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Kinetic Studies of the Effect of pH on the Trypsin-Catalyzed Hydrolysis of N -α-benzyloxycarbonyl- l -lysine- p -nitroanilide: Mechanism of Trypsin Catalysis
Malthouse, J. P. G. (2020) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.9b03750 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Inhibition of Human Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (uPA) Enzyme Activity and Receptor Binding by DNA Aptamers as Potential Therapeutics through Binding to the Different Forms of uPA
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Authors: Su, S.-C., Lin, C.-W., Yang, W.-E., Fan, W.-L., & Yang, S.-F.
Affiliations: Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (TW)
Chung Shan Medical University Hospital (TW)
Chung Shan Medical University (TW)
Corresponding author: Yang, Shun-Fa
ORCID: Su, Shih-Chi
Lin, Chiao-Wen
Yang, Wei-En
Fan, Wen-Lang
Yang, Shun-Fa
Venue: Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets
Publisher: Informa UK Limited
Published: 2015-12-14
Volume: 20
Issue: 5
Pages: 551-566
ISSN: 1472-8222 (ISSN-L)
1744-7631
DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1113260
OpenAlex: W2220539909
Cited by: 145
References: 176
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 4
FWCI: 1.42
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Protease and Inhibitor Mechanisms
Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
Keywords: urokinase, uPAR, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-2, uPA system, tumor markers, cancer therapy, extracellular matrix degradation, basement membrane, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastasis, cell migration, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, clinical trials
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Neoplasms, Biomarkers, Tumor, Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

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The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system as a biomarker and therapeutic target in human malignancies

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