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Functional anatomy of human procedural learning determined with regional cerebral blood flow and PET
Open accessAbstract
The functional anatomy of motor skill acquisition was investigated in six normal human subjects who learned to perform a pursuit rotor task with their dominant right hand during serial positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of relative cerebral blood flow (relCBF). The effect of motor execution, rather than learning, was identified by a comparison of four motor performance scans with two control scans (eye movements only). Motor execution was associated with activation of a distributed network involving cortical, striatonigral, and cerebellar sites. Second, the effect of early motor learning was examined. Performance improved from 17% to 66% mean time on target across the four PET scans obtained during pursuit rotor performance. Across the same scans, significant longitudinal increases of relCBF were located in the left primary motor cortex, the left supplementary motor area, and the left pulvinar thalamus. The results demonstrate that changes of regional cerebral activity associated with early learning of skilled movements occur in sites that are a subset of a more widely distributed network that is active during motor execution.
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“The putamen is often implicated in procedural learning (Grafton et al., 1992; Miyachi et al., 1997, 2002; Jueptner and Weiller, 1998; Turner et al., 2003).”
From Neural Correlates of Long-Term Memory Enhancement Following Retrieval Practice (2021) · cites this paper as Grafton et al., 1992
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Woodruff‐Pak, D. S. (2005) · Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-306-46896-4_8 · Cited by 2
Goertzel, B. (1995) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00038796 · Cited by 3
Tracking brain functions in space and time
Hari, R. (1995) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00038838 · Cited by 2
Is attention an appropriate concept for explaining brain processes?
Dalenoort, G. J. (1995) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00038735 · Cited by 2
Frith, C., & Dolan, R. J. (1995) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00038784 · Cited by 2
Timing implications of metabotropic mechanisms for cerebellar learning
Fiala, J. C., & Bullock, D. H. (1996) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00081619 · Cited by 2
A major advance in neuropsychology
Freides, D. (1995) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00038772 · Cited by 2
The neurodynamics of heavy PETing, at/intention, learning, functional recovery, and rehabilitation
Goldberg, G., & Mayer, N. H. (1995) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00038802 · Cited by 2
Cerebellum does more than recalibration of movements after perturbations
Gielen, C. C. A. M. (1996) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00081632 · Cited by 2
CONTROLLED EXERTION OF FORCE BY DEVELOPMENT ALLY DELAYED YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN
Nagasawa, Y., & Demura, S. (2005) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.101.2.487-497 · Cited by 2
“Many factors influence controlled force exertion: motor pathology, sex, and age, for example. Nakamura, Ono, and Shibasaki (1992) examined target-tracking action of healthy subjects and subjects with cerebellar ataxia, and reported that the reaction time for the latter was significantly poorer. Also, Nakamura, Sugi, S…”
BackgroundInfluentialWhen is it sensible to use PET to study brain function?
O’Mara, S. M. (1995) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00038905 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Grafton, S., Mazziotta, J., Presty, S., Friston, K., Frackowiak, R., & Phelps, M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1992-07-01
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2542-2548
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6575851
- OpenAlex
- W2124365503
- Cited by
- 607
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 16.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (FC03-87ER60615)
- National Institutes of Health (5r01mh037916-10)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH 37916)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
- Keywords
- procedural learning, motor skill learning, pursuit rotor task, relative cerebral blood flow, primary motor cortex, supplementary motor area, cerebellum, motor execution
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Brain Mapping, Cerebrovascular Circulation, Eye Movements, Female, Humans, Functional Laterality, Learning, Male, Motor Activity, Movement, Organ Specificity, Regional Blood Flow, Tomography, Emission-Computed
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