The DOI matches its Crossref record; 59 of the 59 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Considering Sex as a Biological Variable Will Be Valuable for Neuroscience Research
Open accessAbstract
The recently implemented National Institutes of Health policy requiring that grant applicants consider sex as a biological variable in the design of basic and preclinical animal research studies has prompted considerable discussion within the neuroscience community. Here, we present reasons to be optimistic that this new policy will be valuable for neuroscience, and we suggest some ways for neuroscientists to think about incorporating sex as a variable in their research.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Finally, there is considerable evidence that sex is an important factor to consider in neuroscience research,92–95”
From Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on the Orexin/Hypocretin System (2025) · cites this paper as [95]
Citations
Cites
Sex, gender, and pain: a review of recent clinical and experimental findings
Fillingim, R. B., King, C. D., Ribeiro-Dasilva, M. C., Rahim-Williams, B., & Riley, J. L. (2009) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2008.12.001 · Cited by 2,766
Christensen, D. L., Baio, J., Braun, K. V. N., Bilder, D., Charles, J., Constantino, J. N., Daniels, J., Durkin, M. S., Fitzgerald, R. T., Kurzius-Spencer, M., et al. (2016) · MMWR. Surveillance Summaries · doi:10.15585/mmwr.ss6503a1 · Cited by 1,964
Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies
Clayton, J. A., & Collins, F. S. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/509282a · Cited by 1,816
Sex bias in neuroscience and biomedical research
Beery, A. K., & Zucker, I. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.07.002 · Cited by 1,763
NMDAR inhibition-independent antidepressant actions of ketamine metabolites
Zanos, P., Moaddel, R., Morris, P. J., Georgiou, P., Fischell, J., Elmer, G. I., Alkondon, M., Yuan, P., Pribut, H. J., Singh, N. S., et al. (2016) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature17998 · Cited by 1,609
Different immune cells mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity in male and female mice
Sorge, R. E., Mapplebeck, J. C. S., Rosen, S., Beggs, S., Taves, S., Alexander, J. K., Martin, L. J., Austin, J.-S., Sotocinal, S. G., Chen, D., et al. (2015) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.4053 · Cited by 1,442
Sex differences in pain and pain inhibition: multiple explanations of a controversial phenomenon
Mogil, J. S. (2012) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3360 · Cited by 1,065
Strategies and Methods for Research on Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior
Becker, J. B., Arnold, A. P., Berkley, K. J., Blaustein, J. D., Eckel, L. A., Hampson, E., Herman, J. P., Marts, S. A., Sadée, W., Steiner, M. S., et al. (2004) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2004-1142 · Cited by 833
The Epidemiology of Trauma, PTSD, and Other Posttrauma Disorders
Breslau, N. (2009) · Trauma, Violence, & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838009334448 · Cited by 810
Female mice liberated for inclusion in neuroscience and biomedical research
Prendergast, B. J., Onishi, K. G., & Zucker, I. (2014) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.001 · Cited by 788
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- 10.1038/510340b · DOI
- 10.1186/s13293-016-0087-5 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.12.009 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1098/rstb.2015.0106 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.01.001 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A 10-year follow-up study of sex inclusion in the biological sciences
Woitowich, N. C., Beery, A. K., & Woodruff, T. K. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.56344 · Cited by 344
Genomic and epigenomic mechanisms of glucocorticoids in the brain
Gray, J. D., Kogan, J. F., Marrocco, J., & McEwen, B. S. (2017) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2017.97 · Cited by 242
Rechlin, R. K., Splinter, T. F. L., Hodges, T. E., Albert, A. Y., & Galea, L. A. M. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29903-3 · Cited by 218
Sex differences in the brain: Implications for behavioral and biomedical research
Choleris, E., Galea, L. A. M., Sohrabji, F., & Frick, K. M. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.005 · Cited by 214
Early-life adversity and neurological disease: age-old questions and novel answers
Short, A. K., & Baram, T. Z. (2019) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-019-0246-5 · Cited by 187
Metadata
- Authors
- Shansky, R. M., & Woolley, C. S.
- Affiliations
- Northeastern University (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2016-11-23
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 47
- Pages
- 11817-11822
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC5125240
- OpenAlex
- W2556063377
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16
- FWCI
- 17.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH095248)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R29NS037324, R01NS037324)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Sex and Gender in Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Keywords
- sex as a biological variable, NIH policy, sex differences, preclinical research, brain research, sex-inclusive research
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Female, Humans, Male, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), Neurosciences, Research Design, Research Support as Topic, Sex Characteristics, Sex Factors, United States, Biomedical Research
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review