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Reactive astrogliosis in the neonatal mouse brain and its modulation by cytokines
Open accessAbstract
Reactive astrogliosis is a characteristic response of astrocytes to inflammation and trauma of the adult CNS. To assess the hypothesis that cytokines from inflammatory mononuclear cells that accumulate around lesion sites have a role in modulating astrogliosis, this study sought to take advantage of the neonatal system in which astrogliosis is reported to be minimal following injury and in which the immune system is relatively immature compared to adult animals. A nitrocellulose membrane implant into the cortex of postnatal day 3 mice resulted in a tremendous astrogliotic response 4 d later, as measured by glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity and GFAP content. In contrast, a neonatal stab wound produced limited astroglial response when compared to the adult stab wound. Utilizing the neonatal stab wound model, cytokines were microinjected into the wound site at the time of injury. All cytokines tested (gamma-IFN, IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNF- alpha, and M-CSF) resulted in a significantly increased astrogliosis. The specificity of the cytokine response was demonstrated by the inability of human gamma-IFN, but not mouse gamma-IFN, in enhancing neonatal mouse astrogliosis, in accordance with reports that the interaction of gamma-IFN with its receptor occurs in a species-specific manner. We conclude that neonatal astrocytes can become reactive if an adequate injury stimulus is presented, and that the release of immunoregulatory cytokines by cells around lesion sites may be a mechanism that contributes to the production of gliosis.
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“It has been shown to support proliferation of both astrocytes and microglia [151, 152] and enhance microglial phagocytosis [153, 154].”
From Glial contributions to neurodegeneration in tauopathies (2017) · cites this paper as [152]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Balasingam, V, Tejada-Berges, T., Wright, E., Bouckova, R., & Yong, V.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 1994-02-01
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 846-856
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6576825
- OpenAlex
- W2158406932
- Cited by
- 342
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 13.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Government of Canada
- Medical Research Council Canada
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Keywords
- reactive astrogliosis, neonatal brain, cytokines, astrocytes, stab wounds, glial fibrillary acidic protein, interferon-gamma, neuroinflammation, neonatal mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Astrocytes, Brain, Brain Injuries, Cell Division, DNA, Female, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, Humans, Inflammation, Interferon-gamma, Interleukin-1, Interleukin-2, Male, Mice, Inbred Strains, Microinjections, Recombinant Proteins, Thymidine, Time Factors, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Wounds, Stab, Biomarkers, Interleukin-6, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Cytokines, Mice
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