How Noise Contributes to Contrast Invariance of Orientation Tuning in Cat Visual Cortex
Open accessAbstract
The width of the orientation tuning curves of the spike response of neurons in V1 is invariant to contrast. This property constrains the possible mechanisms underlying orientation selectivity. It has been suggested that noise circumvents the iceberg effect that would prevent contrast invariance in the purely feedforward mechanism. Here we investigate systematically how noise contributes to the contrast invariance of orientation tuning curves in V1. We study three models of increasing complexity: a simple threshold-linear firing rate model, a leaky integrate-and-fire model, and a conductance-based model. We show that the noise transmutes the threshold nonlinearity of the input-output relationships into an approximate power law without a threshold within some firing rate range. This implies that, under certain conditions which are derived here, the tuning of the neuron output is approximately contrast invariant. In particular we show that this mechanism for contrast invariance requires that the neuron firing rate must not be too large and that increasing or lowering the contrast too much destroys this invariance. We also show that if this mechanism operates in V1, the spike response, R, and average voltage response V of the neurons in V1 should vary with the contrast, C, according to R(C)gamma proportional to V(C)gamma. The exponent gamma can be estimated from the amount by which the spike tuning curve is sharpened with respect to the voltage tuning curves of the neurons. This prediction does not depend on the specifics of the model and can be tested experimentally.
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Vm fluctuations may contribute to contrast-invariant tuning in neurons of the visual cortex of cats and rodents.
“These fluctuations may contribute to contrast-invariant tuning in neurons of the visual cortex of cats and rodents10,13,63,64.”
From Mechanisms underlying gain modulation in the cortex (2020) · cites this paper as [64]
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- Authors
- Hansel, D., & van Vreeswijk, C.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- ORCID
- Hansel, D.
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2002-06-15
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 5118-5128
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC6757721
- OpenAlex
- W2170697082
- Cited by
- 157
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 3.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (9907949)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › stochastic dynamics and bifurcation
- Keywords
- contrast invariance, orientation tuning, primary visual cortex, neural noise, orientation selectivity, leaky integrate-and-fire model, conductance-based models, threshold nonlinearity, power-law response, spike responses, voltage response, cat visual cortex
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cats, Electric Conductivity, Kinetics, Membrane Potentials, Models, Neurological, Models, Theoretical, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Visual Cortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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