Shunting Inhibition Modulates Neuronal Gain during Synaptic Excitation

Mitchell, Simon J.; Silver, R.Angus

doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00200-9

Cited by 602Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeural dynamics and brain functionIon channel regulation and function

Shunting Inhibition Modulates Neuronal Gain during Synaptic Excitation

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Mitchell, Simon J., Silver, R.Angus·2003·Neuron

DOI 10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00200-9

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Abstract

Neuronal gain control is important for processing information in the brain. Shunting inhibition is not thought to control gain since it shifts input-output relationships during tonic excitation rather than changing their slope. Here we show that tonic inhibition reduces the gain and shifts the offset of cerebellar granule cell input-output relationships during frequency-dependent excitation with synaptic conductance waveforms. Shunting inhibition scales subthreshold voltage, increasing the excitation frequency required to attain a particular firing rate. This reduces gain because frequency-dependent increases in input variability, which couple mean subthreshold voltage to firing rate, boost voltage fluctuations during inhibition. Moreover, synaptic time course and the number of inputs also influence gain changes by setting excitation variability. Our results suggest that shunting inhibition can multiplicatively scale rate-coded information in neurons with high-variability synaptic inputs.

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Shunting inhibition combined with excitatory drive can modulate gain.
“Moreover, shunting inhibition combined with excitatory drive can modulate gain77, and excitatory or inhibitory synaptic input can modulate the gain of a larger, non-linear driving input to a cell78.”
From Mechanisms underlying gain modulation in the cortex (2020) · cites this paper as [77]

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“There have been several proposed mechanisms for how a neuron alters 14 the relationship between its input and output, including the use of shunting inhibition to 15 shift the input-output curve [12, 13], and varying the rate of background synaptic noise, 16 decreasing the ability of the neuron to detect target input s…”
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Authors: Mitchell, S. J., & Silver, R. A.
Affiliations: University College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Silver, R.Angus
ORCID: Mitchell, Simon J.
Silver, R.Angus
Venue: Neuron
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2003-05
Volume: 38
Issue: 3
Pages: 433-445
ISSN: 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(03)00200-9
OpenAlex: W2109251081
Cited by: 602
References: 70
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 33
FWCI: 10.16
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 3730 d)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
Locations: Neuron (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Wellcome Trust
European Commission
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
Keywords: shunting inhibition, cerebellar granule cells, input-output relationship, synaptic conductance, input variability, rate coding, tonic inhibition
MeSH terms: Action Potentials, Animals, Cell Membrane, Cerebellar Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Models, Neurological, Neural Inhibition, Neural Pathways, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Synapses, Sodium Channels, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Rats

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