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Cited by 126Motor Control and AdaptationMemory and Neural MechanismsNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Activity of different classes of neurons of the motor cortex during locomotion

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Beloozerova, Irina N., Sirota, Mikhail G., Swadlow, Harvey A.·2003·The Journal of Neuroscience
DOI 10.1523/jneurosci.23-03-01087.2003PMC PMC6741911
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Abstract

This study examines the activity of different classes of neurons of the motor cortex in the rabbit during two locomotion tasks: a simple (on a flat surface) and a complex (overstepping a series of barriers) locomotion. Four classes of efferent neurons were studied: corticocortical (CC) neurons with ipsilateral projection (CCIs), those with contralateral projection (CCCs), descending corticofugal neurons of layer V (CF5s), and those of layer VI (CF6s). In addition, one class of inhibitory interneurons (SINs) was investigated. CF5 neurons and SINs were the only groups that were strongly active during locomotion. In most of these neurons a clear-cut modulation of discharge in the locomotion rhythm was observed. During simple locomotion, CF5s and SINs were preferentially active in opposite phases of the step cycle, suggesting that SINs contribute to formation of the step-related pattern of CF5s. Transition from simple to complex locomotion was associated with changes of the discharge pattern of the majority of CF5 neurons and SINs. In contrast to CF5 neurons, other classes of efferent neurons (CCI, CCC, CF6) were much less active during both simple and complex locomotion. That suggests that CC interactions, both within a hemisphere (mediated by CCIs) and between hemispheres (mediated by CCCs), as well as corticothalamic interactions via CF6 neurons are not essential for motor coordination during either simple or complex locomotion tasks.

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  • A subset of layer 5 pyramidal neurons throughout cortex is activated by movement.

    “For example, a subset of layer 5 pyramidal neurons throughout the cortex is activated by movement”

    From Waking state: rapid variations modulate neural and behavioral responses (2015) · cites this paper as Beloozerova et al., 2003

  • During movement such as whisking or locomotion, neurons in somatosensory, visual, motor, and auditory cortex maintain elevated firing rates, with the degree varying across cell types.

    “During the period of movement (whisking or locomotion), neurons in somatosensory, visual, motor, and auditory cortex maintain an elevated firing rate, the degree of which varies across cell types.”

    From Waking state: rapid variations modulate neural and behavioral responses (2015) · cites this paper as Beloozerova et al., 2003

  • It is likely that cell type, laminar location, behavioral context, and perhaps region of cortex are important variables in the variation between recorded cells in their response to arousal or locomotion.

    “It is likely that cell type, laminar location, behavioral context, and perhaps region of cortex are important variables (Beloozerova et al., 2003; Gentet et al., 2010; Reimer et al., 2014).”

    From Waking state: rapid variations modulate neural and behavioral responses (2015) · cites this paper as Beloozerova et al., 2003

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Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. [4]Batschelet E. Circular statistic in biology. Academic; New York: 1981. [Google Scholar]
  2. [9]Beloozerova IN, Sirota MG. Activity of ventrolateral thalamus (VL) during locomotion. Soc Neurosci Abstr. 2002;28:62.13. [Google Scholar]
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Authors
Beloozerova, I. N., Sirota, M. G., & Swadlow, H. A.
Affiliations
  • Barrow Neurological Institute (US)
  • University of Connecticut (US)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Neuroscience
Publisher
Society for Neuroscience
Published
2003-02-01
Volume
23
Issue
3
Pages
1087-1097
ISSN
  • 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-2401
DOI
10.1523/jneurosci.23-03-01087.2003
PMC
PMC6741911
OpenAlex
W1799723421
Cited by
126
References
61
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
FWCI
3.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (R01 NS)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH 64024, R01MH064024)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (F32NS010314, R01NS039340)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
Keywords
motor cortex, locomotion, corticofugal neurons, layer V, layer 6, inhibitory interneurons, corticospinal neurons, locomotor rhythm, step cycle, motor coordination, rabbits
MeSH terms
Action Potentials, Animals, Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Implanted, Forelimb, Gait, Hindlimb, Interneurons, Locomotion, Motor Cortex, Neural Inhibition, Neurons, Efferent, Rabbits, Thalamus, Wakefulness

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