The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet.
Neuronal Clearance of Amyloid-β by Endocytic Receptor LRP1
Open accessAbstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the elderly population. Accumulation, aggregation, and deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides generated through proteolytic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) are likely initiating events in the pathogenesis of AD. While Aβ production is accelerated in familial AD, increasing evidence indicates that impaired clearance of Aβ is responsible for late-onset AD. Because Aβ is mainly generated in neurons, these cells are predicted to have the highest risk of encountering Aβ among all cell types in the brain. However, it is still unclear whether they are also involved in Aβ clearance. Here we show that receptor-mediated endocytosis in neurons by the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) plays a critical role in brain Aβ clearance. LRP1 is known to be an endocytic receptor for multiple ligands including Aβ. Conditional knock-out of Lrp1 in mouse forebrain neurons leads to increased brain Aβ levels and exacerbated amyloid plaque deposition selectively in the cortex of amyloid model APP/PS1 mice without affecting Aβ production.In vivo microdialysis studies demonstrated that Aβ clearance in brain interstitial fluid is impaired in neuronal Lrp1 knock-out mice. Because the neuronal LRP1-deletion did not affect the mRNA levels of major Aβ degrading enzymes, neprilysin and insulin-degrading enzyme, the disturbed Aβ clearance is likely due to the suppression of LRP1-mediated neuronal Aβ uptake and degradation. Together, our results demonstrate that LRP1 plays an important role in receptor-mediated clearance of Aβ and indicate that neurons not only produce but also clear Aβ.
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“Several studies have shown that the bulk of soluble Aβ is cleared through its direct interaction with the LDL receptor family expressed by brain capillary endothelium [37], neurons [24,38], and astrocytes [39,40], therefore pharmacological disruption of the apoE/Aβ binding is unlikely to impair this process.”
From Blocking the apoE/Aβ interaction ameliorates Aβ-related pathology in APOE ε2 and ε4 targeted replacement Alzheimer model mice (2014) · cites this paper as [38]
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“Collectively, these recent findings underscore the influence of APOE and APOE3Ch on both Aβ and tau pathology, either directly or through downstream effects such as neuroinflammation.”
From APOE Christchurch enhances a disease-associated microglial response to plaque but suppresses response to tau pathology (2025) · cites this paper as [19]
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“Studies indicate that APOE binding is integral to some of these processes [16–20] with differences in APOE isoform-specific receptor binding affinity and lipid interactions affecting neuroinflammation, tau pathology, and amyloid plaque dynamics [21–24].”
From APOE Christchurch enhances a disease-associated microglial response to plaque but suppresses response to tau pathology (2025) · cites this paper as [19]
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“Receptors such as LRP1 can regulate APP endocytosis and amyloidogenic processing while also mediating cellular uptake and clearance of extracellular Aβ (Kanekiyo and Bu, 2014; Kanekiyo et al., 2013; Van Gool et al., 2019).”
From Isogenic human stem cell models reveal mutation-dependent protective mechanisms of APOE3 Christchurch (2026) · cites this paper as Kanekiyo et al., 2013
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“LRP1 mediates and regulates the endocytosis of > 30 ligands, including apolipoprotein E (APOE) and amyloid-β (Aβ) [21–27]”
From LRP1 is a neuronal receptor for α-synuclein uptake and spread (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
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“Although there are additional methods of Aβ clearance (6, 7, 38, 39), our and other data show that vascular transport across the BBB is of crucial importance for rapid Aβ elimination from brain (8,11,15).”
From Endothelial LRP1 transports amyloid-β1–42 across the blood-brain barrier (2015) · cites this paper as [6]
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Cites
The Amyloid Hypothesis of Alzheimer’s Disease: Progress and Problems on the Road to Therapeutics
Hardy, J., & Selkoe, D. J. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1072994 · Cited by 13,864
Genome-wide atlas of gene expression in the adult mouse brain
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Decreased Clearance of CNS β-Amyloid in Alzheimer’s Disease
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Self-citationSynaptic Activity Regulates Interstitial Fluid Amyloid-β Levels In Vivo
Cirrito, J. R., Yamada, K. A., Finn, M. B., Sloviter, R. S., Bales, K. R., May, P. C., Schoepp, D. D., Paul, S. M., Mennerick, S., & Holtzman, D. M. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.10.028 · Cited by 1,265
Self-citationApolipoprotein E and its receptors in Alzheimer's disease: pathways, pathogenesis and therapy
Bu, G. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2620 · Cited by 1,168
Self-citationBorchelt, D. R., Ratovitski, T., van Lare, J., Lee, M. K., Gonzales, V., Jenkins, N. A., Copeland, N. G., Price, D. L., & Sisodia, S. S. (1997) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80974-5 · Cited by 1,023
Adult mouse astrocytes degrade amyloid-β in vitro and in situ
Wyss-Coray, T., Loike, J. D., Brionne, T. C., Lu, E., Anankov, R., Yan, F., Silverstein, S. C., & Husemann, J. (2003) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm838 · Cited by 909
LRP: a multifunctional scavenger and signaling receptor
Herz, J., & Strickland, D. K. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci13992 · Cited by 908
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Amyloid-β Pathway in Alzheimer’s Disease
Hampel, H., Hardy, J., Blennow, K., Chen, C., Perry, G., Kim, S. H., Villemagne, V. L., Aisen, P., Vendruscolo, M., Iwatsubo, T., et al. (2021) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-021-01249-0 · Cited by 1,952
Neuroinflammation and M2 Microglia: The Good, the Bad, and the Inflamed
Cherry, J. D., Olschowka, J. A., & O’Banion, M. K. (2014) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-98 · Cited by 1,748
Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease: pathobiology and targeting strategies
Yamazaki, Y., Zhao, N., Caulfield, T. R., Liu, C.-C., & Bu, G. (2019) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-019-0228-7 · Cited by 1,425
Self-citationAPOE and Alzheimer’s disease: Advances in genetics, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches
Serrano-Pozo, A., Das, S., & Hyman, B. T. (2021) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(20)30412-9 · Cited by 1,037
Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease
Guo, T., Zhang, D., Zeng, Y., Huang, T. Y., Xu, H., & Zhao, Y. (2020) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-020-00391-7 · Cited by 994
Metadata
- Authors
- Kanekiyo, T., Cirrito, J. R., Liu, C.-C., Shinohara, M., Li, J., Schuler, D. R., Shinohara, M., Holtzman, D. M., & Bu, G.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2013-12-04
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 49
- Pages
- 19276-19283
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC3850043
- OpenAlex
- W2084969119
- Cited by
- 280
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 17
- FWCI
- 14.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (P01AG030128, P50‐AG16574, R01AG027924, R37AG13956, R01AG042513, RF1AG046205, R01AG046205, R37AG013956, R01AG035355, P50AG016574)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01NS074969)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Keywords
- amyloid-beta clearance, LRP1, Alzheimer's disease, receptor-mediated endocytosis, neurons, amyloid plaques, APP/PS1 mice, brain interstitial fluid, neprilysin, insulin-degrading enzyme, amyloid precursor protein, conditional knockout mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Hippocampus, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Immunohistochemistry, Neurons, Receptors, LDL, RNA, Messenger, Blotting, Western, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Amyloid beta-Peptides, Mice, Knockout, Microscopy, Confocal, Transport Vesicles, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1, RNA, Small Interfering, Mice
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