The DOI matches its Crossref record; 88 of the 88 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Which cue to "want?" Central amygdala opioid activation enhances and focuses incentive salience on a prepotent reward cue
Open accessAbstract
The central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) helps translate learning into motivation, and here, we show that opioid stimulation of CeA magnifies and focuses learned incentive salience onto a specific reward cue (pavlovian conditioned stimulus, or CS). This motivation enhancement makes that cue more attractive, noticeable, and liable to elicit appetitive and consummatory behaviors. To reveal the focusing of incentive salience, we exploited individual differences in an autoshaping paradigm in which a rat prefers to approach, nibble, and sniff one of two reward-associated stimuli (its prepotent stimulus). The individually prepotent cue is either a predictive CS+ that signals reward (8 s metal lever insertion) or instead the metal cup that delivers sucrose pellets (the reward source). Results indicated that CeA opioid activation by microinjection of the mu agonist DAMGO (0.1 microg) selectively and reversibly enhanced the attractiveness of whichever reward CS was that rat's prepotent cue. CeA DAMGO microinjections made rats more vigorously approach their particular prepotent CS and to energetically sniff and nibble it in a nearly frenzied consummatory manner. Only the prepotent cue was enhanced as an incentive target, and alternative cues were not enhanced. Conversely, inactivation of CeA by muscimol microinjection (0.25 microg) suppressed approach, nibbles, and sniffs of the prepotent CS. Confirming modulation of incentive salience, unconditioned food intake was similarly increased by DAMGO microinjection and decreased by muscimol in CeA. We conclude that opioid neurotransmission in CeA helps determine which environmental stimuli become most "wanted," and how "wanted" they become. This may powerfully guide reward-seeking behavior.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Activation of opioidergic transmission corresponding to liking tends to increase dopamine activation in response to the incentive being encountered subsequently (Mahler and Berridge, 2009).”
From A motivation model of sex addiction – Relevance to the controversy over the concept (2022) · cites this paper as Mahler and Berridge, 2009
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G., & Watson, C. (1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-63235-9 · Cited by 28,585
The neural basis of drug craving: An incentive-sensitization theory of addiction
Robinson, T. (1993) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(93)90013-p · Cited by 7,346
AChE-stained horizontal sections of the rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates
Paxinos, G., WATSON, C. R. R., & Emson, P. C. (1980) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/0165-0270(80)90021-7 · Cited by 4,514
Contributions of the Amygdala to Emotion Processing: From Animal Models to Human Behavior
Phelps, E. A., & LeDoux, J. E. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.09.025 · Cited by 3,203 · cited 2×
“…learning could be translated into motivational salience and focused on a particular percept (Morris and Dolan, 2001; Di Ciano and Everitt, 2004; Holland and Gallagher, 2004; Corbit and Balleine; Phelps and LeDoux, 2005; Balleine and Killcross, 2006; Beaver et al., 2006; Phillips et al., 2008).”
BackgroundKapur, S. (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.160.1.13 · Cited by 2,813
The debate over dopamine’s role in reward: the case for incentive salience
Berridge, K. C. (2007) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0578-x · Cited by 2,347
Self-citationThe incentive sensitization theory of addiction: some current issues
Robinson, T. E., & Berridge, K. C. (2008) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0093 · Cited by 1,717
Self-citationNeurobehavioural mechanisms of reward and motivation
Robbins, T. W., & Everitt, B. J. (1996) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(96)80077-8 · Cited by 1,187
Activation of memory circuits during cue-elicited cocaine craving.
Grant, S., London, E. D., Newlin, D. B., Villemagne, V. L., Liu, X., Contoreggi, C., Phillips, R. L., Kimes, A. S., & Margolin, A. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.21.12040 · Cited by 936
New Vistas on Amygdala Networks in Conditioned Fear
Paré, D., Quirk, G. J., & Ledoux, J. E. (2004) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00153.2004 · Cited by 841 · cited 2×
“…stimulation or muscimol inactivation Defensive treading behavior elicited by DAMGO and muscimol Beyond reward-related behavior, the CeA participates in fearrelated behavior (Paré et al., 2004; Zimmerman et al., 2007), and our CeA manipulations may have additionally modulated defensive motivation.”
Background
Cited by
Sorted by citations
“Liking” and “wanting” food rewards: Brain substrates and roles in eating disorders
Berridge, K. C. (2009) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.02.044 · Cited by 1,147
Self-citationThe tempted brain eats: Pleasure and desire circuits in obesity and eating disorders
Berridge, K. C., Ho, C.-Y., Richard, J. M., & DiFeliceantonio, A. G. (2010) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.04.003 · Cited by 873
Self-citationFrom prediction error to incentive salience: mesolimbic computation of reward motivation.
Berridge, K. C. (2012) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2012.07990.x · Cited by 700
Self-citationCastro, D. C., & Berridge, K. C. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4458-13.2014 · Cited by 395
Self-citation“Liking” and “wanting” in eating and food reward: Brain mechanisms and clinical implications
Morales, I., & Berridge, K. C. (2020) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.113152 · Cited by 346
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Mahler, S. V., & Berridge, K. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Medical University of South Carolina (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Society for Neuroscience
- Published
- 2009-05-20
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 6500-6513
- ISSN
- 0270-6474 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-2401
- PMC
- PMC2802210
- OpenAlex
- W1964711918
- Cited by
- 223
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 20
- FWCI
- 6.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (DA015188, DA015188 and MH63649)
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-63649, R01MH063649)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA021481, DA015188, R01DA015188, F31DA021481)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- central amygdala, opioid signaling, mu-opioid receptor, incentive salience, reward cues, autoshaping, approach behavior, consummatory behavior, dietary intake, motivation, DAMGO, muscimol inactivation, reward seeking
- MeSH terms
- Amygdala, Analgesics, Opioid, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Appetitive Behavior, Attention, Behavior, Animal, Conditioning, Classical, Conditioning, Operant, Cues, Eating, Female, Microinjections, Motivation, Muscimol, Gene Expression, Oncogene Proteins v-fos, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, GABA Agonists, Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
